"Book" - in a veto

After the publication of the final report of the Council for the Security of the Netherlands Flights about the circumstances of the tragedy of the MN-17 flight, the investigation of the investigation will again raise the issue of the Tribunal for the perpetrators

Children's toy found in the crash area of ​​the Malaysian Voeing, Grabovo, Donetsk region, December 16, 2014 report of the Dutch Safety Board (DSB), the publication of which is scheduled for October 13, was focused on the circumstances of July 17, 2014 in the sky above the Donetsk region: all the facts in it in it They are considered from a technical point of view, without political background, and even more so without attempts to make responsibility for the tragedy on any side. Who and to what extent is guilty will determine the criminal investigation that is parallel to the Prosecutor General of the Netherlands. The work of the international expert team is coordinated by the chief investigator of the Dutch prosecutor's office Fred Westerbeke. For Holland, which has lost its citizen in disaster 192, this is a fundamental question, and it will bring the matter to the end: it is expected that the report of the Westerbeke team will be published before the beginning of 2016.

However, the Dutch Safety Board report presented a detailed evidence base in reinforcement of the version that the Malaysian Boeing 777 was shot down by a missile from the Buk complex, the sources of the magazine in the UN say. The intrigue is only to whom this complex belonged, whether it was Russian or Ukrainian. Ukraine, the USA, Australia and a number of other countries initially stated that Buk was delivered to the Donbass separatists from the territory of the Russian Federation and returned there. Moscow rejects its involvement in the incident, imposing responsibility to Kyiv.

The full picture in early July Ukraine, like the rest of the countries involved in the investigation - Russia, Malaysia, Australia, Great Britain and the USA - were familiarized with the project of the final report of the Dutch Safety Board

* * On July 17, excerpts from the draft DSB report published with reference to sources close to the investigation, the CIN-EN television company: the specific type of the rocket that was shot down by the plane was allegedly indicated and the trajectory of its flight was described. At the same time, it is mentioned that this territory was under the control of the militia. . One of those who managed to get acquainted with the content of the draft version of the document was the Permanent Representative of Ukraine to the UN Yuri Sergeev. In a conversation with NT , he recalled that, unlike the “blurry” intermediate report of DSB, published in September 2014 “under the powerful pressure of the Dutch public”

* The DSB intermediate report was based on the analysis of the recordings of tape recorders on board the crashed aircraft, decoding of pilot negotiations with dispatchers, weather conditions on the day of the crash, technical characteristics and photographs of Boeing fragments. The cause of the fall of the aircraft was called "the impact of the flow of high -energy objects." , the final report leaves no room for integrations. “We are already getting a complete picture of the tragedy: who did it, why and why,” said NT Yuri Sergeev.

“The Netherlands will present facts that will become the basis for creating the tribunal,” the diplomat emphasized.

Ukrainian rescuers carry the remains of one of the victims of the tragedy, Grabovo, Donetsk region, July 19, 2014
Other options in early October leaders of the five states - the Netherlands, Malaysia, Belgium, Australia and Ukraine - held a closed meeting on the fields of the UN anniversary General Assembly, at which it was a question of how to create an international Boeing Tribunal bypassing the UN Security Council. When voting in SB on July 29, Russia imposed its veto on the draft resolution on the creation of the Tribunal, proposing to limit the appointment of a UN specialist to investigate a plane crash. Moscow called the draft resolution “non -velogic” and “counter -productive”. In response, Australia described the position of Russia as "insulting the memory of the dead."

Countries that promote the idea of ​​creating an international tribunal refer to the head of the VII Charter of the UN “Actions regarding the threat to the world, violations of the world and acts of aggression”.

“We discussed possible alternatives (institutions of the tribunal without a resolution of the Security Council), since we promised the world and families of the dead that we will achieve justice,” the Prime Minister of Malaysia Nadzhib Razak said at a press conference in New York after a closed meeting. He noted that the results of voting in the Council of Council, despite the Russian veto, looked like moral support of the world community

* Of the 15 members of the Security Council, 11 states supported the draft resolution, introduced by Malaysia, three - China, Venezuela and Angola - abstained during the vote. .

In a conversation with NT , Yuri Sergeev confirmed that after the Russian veto in the Council of People's Commissars, the five interested countries took up the search for “other legitimate options” creating a tribunal, “although, of course, this idea would still be a perfect option for a triumph of justice.” According to the diplomat, the most likely exit - the initiative group of states creates its own tribunal, counting on its international recognition outside the UN framework.

One way or another, the facts presented in the DSB report will become the basis for, without hemping, raising the question of the UN tribunal. “There is already an agreed decision on the tribunal, we will announce this together with all the participating countries,” said the Ukrainian diplomat. At the same time, he did not exclude the repeated emergence of a draft resolution on the Malaysian Boeing 777 in the oval hall of the Security Council. On the other hand, no one has illusions: Russia, most likely, will again impose a veto on him.

The Russian veto resolution on the Malaysian Boeing resolution caused a kind of protest movement to the UN - for restricting the right of veto in resolving civil conflicts and humanitarian disasters. The reason was the Demarch of Saudi Arabia, defiantly abandoned the unstable member of the Security Council, which she had to take from January 2014, due to the inability to stop the bloodshed in Syria. Saudites supported Türkiye, saying that the UN was losing the trust of the world community.

At the end of September, France turned to the five permanent members with the initiative of a voluntary refusal to the five permanent members - she is ready to take such an obligation first. After that, the cores of countries began to form around France, which had long been promoting the need for the reform of the Security Council by expanding the number of regular members. Russia categorically objects, and it is not by chance that Vladimir Putin from the rostrum of the 70th General Assembly called for stopping “shaking the authority” of the UN. “... The right of the veto was always applied: it was enjoyed by the United States of America, the UK, and France, and China, and the Soviet Union, and later Russia. This is completely natural for such a many -sided and representative organization, ”Putin entered the polemic with supporters of the reform.

Nevertheless, no one in the history of the UN resorted to the right of Veto as actively as the USSR and its successor to Russia. “Only in the first year of the organization’s existence, the Soviet delegation - the only permanent members - voted against the decisions of the Council of People's Commissars nine times, and in the first 10 years - 59 times, and during the same time, only two more countries - France and Great Britain, and only twice. The last five vetos are also on the account of Russia. Four times China joined it, blocking Syria resolutions, ”the UN Radio reported in July 2015, even before Moscow once again used its prohibitive mandate-to create the Tribunal on MH-17.

What will be the format of this tribunal outside the UN Security Council, experts in international law are now discussing.

“Both the reform of the Security Council and the Boeing Tribunal are a step -by -step movement, it is the creation of an atmosphere of international pressure on Russia, which will be difficult for it to ignore,” Yuri Sergeev insists. Otherwise, according to him, "the UN is waiting for the fate of the League of Nations."

Photo: Maxim Shemetov/Reuters, Maxim Zmeyev/Reuters