Translated material
Yuri Orlov died
Yuri Orlov died
© Megan DirksOn September 27, in the United States, at the age of 96, a physicist, human rights activist, dissident, founder and first head of the Moscow Helsinki group Yuri Orlov died.
It is reported by Radio Liberty .
Yuri Fedorovich Orlov was born in 1924 in the suburbs, in 1943-1945 he fought at the front, was awarded orders and medals. After the war, he worked as a stoker in Moscow, graduated from exterior high school, in 1952 he graduated from the Physics and Technical Department of Moscow State University (now MIPT).
In 1953, he began working in the heat engineering laboratory of the USSR Academy of Sciences (now the Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Physics). After in 1956 at the party meeting he called Stalin and Beria “killers standing in power”, he was excited from the CPSU and dismissed from the institute.
Since 1956 he was an employee of the Yerevan Physical Institute of the Armenian SSR. Doctor of Physical and Mathematical Sciences (1963), corresponding member of the Armenian SSR (1968). He also worked at the Institute of Nuclear Physics by Soan of the USSR in Novosibirsk and at the Institute of Earthly Magnetism, Ionosphere and the spread of radio waves of the USSR Academy of Sciences, from where he was dismissed in 1972 for the support of academician Andrei Sakharov.
Published in Samizdat, since 1973 he was a member of the Soviet group of International Amnesty, in 1976 he founded and headed the Moscow Helsinki group (MHG).
In 1976, Yuri Orlov was arrested and in the spring of 1977 was sentenced to 7 years in the camp and 5 years in exile. Having served a fully term of conclusion and two years of exile, in 1986 he was deprived of Soviet citizenship and was forcibly expelled from the USSR in exchange for the Soviet intelligence officer arrested in the United States.
Abroad, Yuri Orlov worked at the University of Cornell (USA), the Brookhevensky National Laboratory (USA), the European Nuclear Research Center (Cern, Switzerland), the Yulikh Research Center (Germany). In 1993, he received US citizenship.