Russian dream

One of the last weeks in the print media is a mortgage, to which all potential players are gradually accustomed to the intricacies of: banks, insurers, officials and “responsible tenants” actually (in the sense, future acquirers of housing according to mortgage schemes). Bankers complain to the press about the underdevelopment of mortgage risk insurance. The insurers made a rack in anticipation of a new golden rain (after the introduction of a “auto -citizen”, they clearly had a taste for such climate phenomena). Officials report how mortgage programs will help solve the problem of doubling GDP. The "tenants" are accurately accumulated in the cache cache for the future housing, groaning that the prices per square meter are growing faster than the contents of the cans are filled.

At the same time, none of the parties, it seems, does not doubt the absolute beneficiality of the idea of ​​a mortgage loan. The discussion is only about how to organize it more correctly, so as not to rob, not evicted, not deceived, and not left without money. But the thesis that if there is some kind of locomotive of economic development, then this is a mass affordable housing according to the mortgage scheme, no one seems to be disputed.

The mortgage, meanwhile, is a very insidious thing, especially if you take it not on its own, but in a wider economic context. One of its main shortcomings, which for some reason passes past a wide public discussion, is a complex relationship of ownership of housing. The same insurers, for example, are already accustoming us to such exotic insurance forms as “ title insurance ” - when an insured event is the loss of the status of the owner due to a court decision. But this is only the most obvious of the pitfalls.

There are more inconspicuous - and more significant. For example, the fact that until the entire amount of the mortgage loan is paid, the de facto is owned by the credit institution, that is, the bank, leads to the fact that such housing is very difficult to change. So, a person who has bought such an apartment for many years is attached to the area and the city where this apartment is located. And therefore, you will have to “make” the ideas of increasing labor mobility, the development of new territories, redistribution of the public geography of labor resources, all sorts of “eastern Siberia” and new cities, etc., etc. People will be tightly attached to the old industrial centers with their sharp imbalance in the labor market, inappropriate to modern life standards, wretched infrastructure and ecology. And in addition - burdened with the need to earn on a loan.

And the money is rather large - for the prices for new housing in Russia in Russia are highly overstated. But the prices are still half a bounty - the main thing is that the cost of construction is unreasonably high. And not only because of the high cost of Hardver - building materials, communications, personnel, etc.; All this is just more or less solved problems. Different indirect costs turn out to be much higher.

Moscow, of course, is a navigation - but here, in fact, it is just the most relief. Actually, for bribes, kickbacks and any additional load from one sq.m. Any object in Moscow takes an average of $ 150-300 - just to collect all the necessary permits. In the total scale, with annual volumes of 7 million meters of introduced areas, a market of $ 2 billion is obtained. In addition, the developers of the housing stock oblige every third meter to be given to the municipal real estate fund - which increases the price of apartments by exactly 30%. They are also obligated to equip adjacent territories at their own expense. This arrangement is also an actually monopoly thing, with a truly fantastic pricing. So, the landing of one five -year seedlings in Moscow costs 2200 rubles - this is the official price. And the acquirers of housing ultimately pay for all this.

What happens? In the young years, having created a young family, taking some money from parents and friends, a person makes a first fee and receives a new apartment by mortgage scheme - referring to the fact that all these kickbacks, bribes and seedlings are also included in the final price, as well as a banking interest. And almost all of his active life, he pays the price of this apartment along with interest and personal duty. And in the end, closer to the end of his life, he receives happiness - it becomes a full owner of the apartment in the house, which is already 15-20 years old and the price of a meter which is much lower than it was 15 years ago. In a small win, a bank that weld its legal percentage. In a large win, officials, all these inspection, resolutions, suppliers and landscapers. The insurers who created a number of new markets with administrative arbitrariness in winning. There is only one losing - the "responsible tenant" itself.

Mavrodi and the creators of the scam are resting. It is difficult to even come up with a more sophisticated and cruel scheme of enslaving people - after all, here you have to work for an uncle for a whole life. Moreover, people, as usual, go to it themselves, voluntarily and with a song. Still: "latent demand" for new housing, according to some estimates, is 80% of the entire urban population of Russia.

In order for the mortgage scheme to work on what it is promoted for, that is, to increase the well -being of people, it is impossible to do with economic measures. Large -scale "stripping" of Luzhkov and Luzhkovshchina as a phenomenon is necessary. In this sense, when they say that we have low taxes, we are deceiving: in Russia is the highest administrative burden on the economy. They only carry this “load” not to the tax inspectorate, but to “seedlings”, and not individual entrepreneurs, but - indirectly, through the same high housing prices - each of us.

But even in the event that it is possible to reduce taxes “to seedlings” in one way or another, this will not solve the problem of labor mobility. And therefore, to make a basic bet on a mortgage as a way to solve a housing issue is hardly justified. In parallel with the mortgage, the market for cheap rental housing, universal and easy to use, is the same everywhere - so that a person, having moved from Vorkuta to Vladivostok, does not feel much difference.

In this case, the life scheme of the “young man thinking about life” looks completely different. In his youth, using the advantage in mobility, he can quickly change their place of residence, earning money where it is most convenient. At the same time, the budget of his family should be built in such a way as to pay for housing hiring, making current expenses and saving money, preparing for the moment when at an older age, reaching a certain position in society and wanting to settle where he likes more, he will be able to buy an apartment for himself. Or - build a house.

Such a "Russian dream".