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IN SLOVAK 261
Projective lexicon of the Russian language December 23, 2007
New items - about Russian nature, about Russia and America and about life in general
Political specificity
Reader's competition issue 16
I just received a wonderful issue of “The Gift” and I thank you sincerely. There is one interesting find about the “ wild nineties ”. Subtly noted, and it should also be added that now another option has become very widespread among people: “ the epic nineties .” As you understand, in both versions of the assessment of that era there is a desire to distance oneself, to throw them into history, however, in the “savages” (as young people usually say, who agree with their elders that something really happened there, wow!) there is much less blood than in "epic". Why? “Wild” is consonant with “wild capitalism”, but also with “wild animals”, and according to international documents “animals have the right to be wild”, this is a norm, a human rights norm, which few people know, but is felt. After all, an animal is either wild or already domesticated. The animal just wants to eat. His wildness is non-ideological. After “wildness,” “domestication” is possible. But the ironic-respectful ones" The epic nineties “not only throw all events back into a deeper, one might say, stick-and-pin antiquity, but also give it a touch of completeness, completeness, allow it to be described, studied, formatted, filmed, put on a shelf, and, they say, ” would look very good as an anti-word leave you all alone with these nineties - oh, mother history! In my opinion, in connection with these “nineties” the notorious “ as if . This is truly a leader! Neither children nor adults have been years without “as if" they cannot complete a single thought. Even if it is “I seem to be pregnant” and “as if I went for a walk” and “how would we be with him... this is the most well... like..." The approximation of everything, which began with the contrition of the past, was imprinted in the popular “as if.” The rhetorical figure now acts as a sugary appendage to the “as if.” Yes? ", " Right? ", - which is hilarious. On any screen, very adult people, not knowing how to finish a sentence more decently (instead of the proven emotional Russian folk ones), blurt out this great " yes? " - "Like... you agree with me, well, you do agree. You and I are our own people, why don’t you see how right I am?..”
Great Owl. Soviet mythology. 2006, 268 pp.
Projective lexicon of the Russian language December 23, 2007
New items - about Russian nature, about Russia and America and about life in general
Last year I published two books. In my very humble opinion, they would make a good New Year's gift.
1. For those who write essays, abstracts and term papers about nature and/or Russian poetry, and also have the forgivable weakness of loving both:
" Poems and elements. Nature in Russian poetry of the 18th - 20th centuries ." Samara: ed. Bakhrakh-M, 2007, 352 pp. In appearance it is a gift edition. See Table of Contents at the end of this issue.
2. For those who are interested in Russia, America, Russian America, who study or know English and would like to compare how modern ideas are expressed in two languages: " Amerussia. Selected essays ". Moscow: Silver Threads, 2007, 504 pp. (in the series “Parallel Texts”, 35 essays in the original and translation).
3. Please pay attention to the article in the latest issue of Nezavisimaya Gazeta: Tanya, Pushkin and money: Life as a narrative and thesaurus .
http://exlibris.ng.ru/kafedra/2007-12-20/4_pushkin.html
The title is entirely the responsibility of the editor. My text begins with a subtitle.
Political specificity
Yes, you read it wrong: we are not talking about the American political correctness that has stuck in our ears , but about a purely Russian and very topical phenomenon. This word was nominated for the Word of the Year competition (in the “Antisword” category) by linguist, associate professor at St. Petersburg University, executive director of the Center for Creative Development of the Russian Language Olga Igorevna Glazunova. She defines its meaning this way: “ Political concreteness is when everything in politics is predetermined, as, for example, with the elections to the Duma and the choice of the future president. Putin spoke for United Russia, it received a majority, nominated Medvedev as his successor - for him everyone will vote."
I would add that “specificity” here sounds like in the expression “a specific guy”, “a specific man”. Those. “involved”, involved, engaged, involved, involved, not abstractly innocent. Who are they, politically specific? The chairman of the election commission, who believes that “the president cannot be wrong” (the formula of papal infallibility). Film directors, sculptures and figure skaters begging the president (out of love for him personally) to violate the Constitution. Church leaders who, with a clear patriotic conscience, carry out the order of their favorite party. Teachers and educators organizing the movement of young “bears” in the name of the victory of the “general bear” cause. All of them are politically specific : modest, reliable heroes of our days. They were ordered to be heroes - and they became. Who ordered? Of course, their own heart, conscience and mind, which by a happy coincidence coincided with the “mind, honor and conscience” of our era. In the West - political correctness, in Russia - political specificity.
In my opinion, it is, in fact, an extremely meaningful word. And delicate. Why insult people: they say, they have sold out, they have become stupid, they have become stupid (an expressive, but very offensive neologism from B. Nemtsov). These are just specific people. Politically specific. So the West is approaching us from the other side. Now we will call such people politically specific, which is highly politically correct.
Reader's competition issue 16
Word of the year
Proposals for choosing the Word and Anti-Word of the Year continue to come. I present a number of letters with motivations - in addition to those that were already published in issues 193 and 194.
1. Grigory Lvovich Tulchinsky, philosopher, culturologist, professor of St. Petersburg State University of Culture and Arts.
For me, the undoubted word of the year that expresses it most fully both in content and frequency of use is “ glamor ” (“glamorous”, “glamorous”, “glamorous”, “glamorized”, etc.). Behind it is the complete triumph of mass culture and its values and images. Half-closed eyes, looking somewhere diagonally upward, slightly open mouth,
around a cloud of fog, pants full of bliss. Plus overt programming not only in advertising, but also in news, politics, and publishing. Close, but with a gap - “global”, “global”. Not in the sense of “globalization”, but on an ordinary level, instead of “important”, “significant”, “generalized”, “essential”, etc.
They are asking for an anti-word. But here strong competition will come from “extremism,” “terrorism” (definitions of these concepts have not yet been developed), and “enemies of Russia.”
In addition to the word and anti-word, the nomination “funny” suggests itself. And the winner in this nomination would be the “ bear ,” who had made a monstrous career by the end of the year, with the “victory” of the United Russia Party and especially with the nomination of a successor. "Preved Medved" (MedveD.).
---My comment (M.E.): “Glamour” is a strong word. It has been looming for 3-4 years, if not longer, but apparently over the last year it has become completely glamorized. The name of an entire power even suggests itself - Glamuria (by consonance and analogy with the legendary Lemuria). Glamoria has its own kings and princesses, its own palaces and neighborhoods, its own films, books and magazines, its own schools and clinics, its own rich and poor (glamour also comes in low and poor varieties).
This has been the case for a long time on the oceanically vast territory of Russia: it is cut through by archipelagos. In Stalin’s time there was a large “Gulag”, in Brezhnev’s time there was a small “West”, now there is a medium-sized “Glamouria”.
2. Zoya Rysina, biologist, Moscow. IMHO (Cyrillic). IMHO (In My Humble Opinion - in my humble opinion). This word is usually added if they are not very sure of their words or want to express their point of view: IMHO in the USA they will choose Gore. IMHO the weather will be good tomorrow. http://www.zcom.skyfamily.ru/st21.htm And there are countless examples in Russian blogs.
Another good Word of the year is “ classmates ”! The whole country is now obsessed with the site of the same name. The words that come to mind, but may rather relate to the words of our entire decade, the “zero”: charisma , mass culture , and 2 anti-words: businesswoman , creativity.
3. Lyudmila Savchenko, Associate Professor, Department of Russian Language, Kharkov National University. V.N. Karazin. The word of the year could be " growth ". It was a year of rising trends: rising gasoline prices, inflation, disappointment, fears, ambitions, mistrust, disappointment, social protests; the number of natural disasters increased, oil spilled into the sea, people died in schools and in mines; virtual and fictional discourses are growing and multiplying. Often this year's rise in trends has been defined as unprecedented. As an Antiword, I suggest “ strong ” or “ strength ”. Strong state, strong president, strong government; together - we are force; the power of the elements, the power of habit. The force is merciless and knows no doubt. It opens into violence. True, there is both the power of spirit and the power of love, but they do not determine time.
I just received a wonderful issue of “The Gift” and I thank you sincerely. There is one interesting find about the “ wild nineties ”. Subtly noted, and it should also be added that now another option has become very widespread among people: “ the epic nineties .” As you understand, in both versions of the assessment of that era there is a desire to distance oneself, to throw them into history, however, in the “savages” (as young people usually say, who agree with their elders that something really happened there, wow!) there is much less blood than in "epic". Why? “Wild” is consonant with “wild capitalism”, but also with “wild animals”, and according to international documents “animals have the right to be wild”, this is a norm, a human rights norm, which few people know, but is felt. After all, an animal is either wild or already domesticated. The animal just wants to eat. His wildness is non-ideological. After “wildness,” “domestication” is possible. But the ironic-respectful ones" The epic nineties “not only throw all events back into a deeper, one might say, stick-and-pin antiquity, but also give it a touch of completeness, completeness, allow it to be described, studied, formatted, filmed, put on a shelf, and, they say, ” would look very good as an anti-word leave you all alone with these nineties - oh, mother history! In my opinion, in connection with these “nineties” the notorious “ as if . This is truly a leader! Neither children nor adults have been years without “as if" they cannot complete a single thought. Even if it is “I seem to be pregnant” and “as if I went for a walk” and “how would we be with him... this is the most well... like..." The approximation of everything, which began with the contrition of the past, was imprinted in the popular “as if.” The rhetorical figure now acts as a sugary appendage to the “as if.” Yes? ", " Right? ", - which is hilarious. On any screen, very adult people, not knowing how to finish a sentence more decently (instead of the proven emotional Russian folk ones), blurt out this great " yes? " - "Like... you agree with me, well, you do agree. You and I are our own people, why don’t you see how right I am?..”
5. Vladimir Monakhov, Moscow. I would suggest the word " political correctness ". Moreover, it can be entered in both columns, as a word and an antiword. Because in the era of globalism, political correctness is very important as a form of communication with dissidents, but it also becomes painfully intrusive and in the current situation takes on such ugly forms that it turns us into moral monsters, unable to distinguish between good and evil. By the same principle as word and anti-word, I would name glamor and anti-glamor . And that's why. First, the ideologists of globalism imposed glamor on us all, publicly affirming its universal dictatorship, and then they began to actively encourage us to fight it, giving rise to an anti-glamor movement. AND
glamor and anti-glamor - the dictatorship and totalitarianism of our time.
6. Mikhail Epstein, presenter of "The Gift". I would propose nano- as the first basis of many new words: “nanotechnology, nanoindustry, nanobots, nanotubes, nanocream, nanozinc”, etc.). Nano- is now as productive an element of word formation as “ cyber- ” in 1994 and “ e- ” (email, etc.) in 1998 - both were Word of the Year according to the American Dialectological Society.
” can claim the title of “anti-word And the “ successor ”, since in the election year it illustrates the mechanism of “choice from above”, which, in theory, even the authorities themselves condemn (and diligently avoid this compromising word). Even more expressive is another anti-word - “ jackal ” (nominated by Zoya Rysina), used only once by the president (in reference to political opponents “jackaling” at foreign embassies), but deeply etched in the historical memory of fellow citizens. Into that same historical memory, stuffed with zoomorphisms, where Stalin’s Prosecutor General Vyshinsky had already declared N. Bukharin “a cross between a pig and a fox.” This was followed by capital punishment. And what else do these animals, non-humans, deserve?
Full list of candidates for the country's highest lexical title
So, here is the complete list of words on which the jury will vote - philologists, writers, philosophers, members of the Scientific and Creative Council at the Center for the Development of the Russian Language. 26 words and 19 antiwords - in alphabetical order:
Voting will take place in two nominations, Word and Anti-word, for each of which jury members are asked to choose 4 words in order of preference. The first word gets 4 points. A word in 4th place gets one point. The Word and Anti-Word of the Year win by a simple majority.Word:
addressable, addressable
iPod
anti-proverb
biometric
blog, blogger
elections
genes
glamour
global, globalism, globalization
gloss
IMHO (in my humble opinion, in my humble opinion)
integration
masscult
intercultural communication
global community
nano- (the first part of complex words: nanotechnology, nanoindustry, nanobots...)
nanotechnology
classmates
PR
political correctness
project
promotion
height
terrorism
charisma
extremism, extremeAntiword:
businesswoman
blogger
enemies of Russia
elections
glamor, glamorous
wild nineties
creative
machismo
political specificity
political correctness
successor
project
raiding
strength, strong
drain (person)
terrorism
jackal
extremism, extreme
epicenter
By Monday, December 24, voting will be completed, and I hope to send you an extraordinary issue of “The Gift” with its results next Tuesday or Wednesday.
Thanks to all readers who sent in their suggestions! They compiled the bulk of the list that was put to the jury's vote.
_______________________________________________________________________
Mikhail Epstein " Poems and elements. Nature in Russian poetry of the 18th - 20th centuries ." Schoolchildren, students, teachers, researchers will find in this book extensive material for understanding not only the poetry of Russian nature, but also the nature of Russian poetry.
Table of contents
Instead of a preface: National and individual images of nature
Meditations
The poetry of nature and the nature of poetry
Lyrical philosophy of nature
Motives
Motive as a unit of poetry. Verse repetitions
Wisdom of the Trees
Language of trees
The animal world and human self-awareness
Landscapes
From motive to landscape
Aesthetic varieties of landscapes
(ideal landscape, stormy landscape, dull landscape)
National and exotic landscapes
The beginning of the figurative development of Russian nature (Caucasus and Crimea)
Seasons (winter, summer)
Landscapes of the imagination. On the techniques of landscape fantasy.
The end of the world. Transformation of nature.
Image of Eternity, or "Blessed Country"
Style
XVIII century
Trediakovsky V.K. - Lomonosov M.V. - Derzhavin G.R. - Muravyov M.N. - Karamzin N.M.
First half of the 19th century
Vostokov A.H. - Zhukovsky V.A. - Batyushkov K.N. - Vyazemsky P.A. - Pushkin A.S. - Delvig A.A. - Baratynsky E.A. - Yazykov N.M. - Glinka F.M. - Shevyrev S.P. - Benedictov V.G. - Lermontov M.Yu. - Koltsov A.V.
Second half of the 19th century
Tyutchev F.I. - Fet A.A. - Grigoriev A.A. - Ogarev N.P. - Nekrasov N.A. - Mikhailov M.L. - Nikitin I.S. - Maikov A.N. - Tolstoy A.K. - Polonsky Ya.P. - Nadson S.Ya. - Apukhtin A.N. -
Sluchevsky K.K. - Soloviev V.S. - Fofanov K.M. - Lokhvitskaya M.
Early 20th century
Bryusov V.Ya. - Balmont K.D. - Bunin I.A. - Sologub F.K. - Annensky I.F. - Blok A.A. - Bely A. - Ivanov Vyach.I. - Voloshin M.A. - Kuzmin M.A. - Gumilyov N.S. - Zenkevich M.A. - Mandelstam O.E. - Akhmatova A.A. - Gorodetsky S.M. - Klyuev N.A. - Khlebnikov V. - Severyanin I. - Kamensky V.V.
Poetry of the Soviet period
1920-1950s
Mayakovsky V.V. - Yesenin S.A. - Pasternak B.L. - Tsvetaeva M.I. - Kazin V.V. - Aseev N.N. - Bagritsky E.G. - Tikhonov N.S. - Selvinsky I.L. - Vasilyev P.N. - Kornilov B.P. -
Zabolotsky N.A. - Svetlov M.A. - Surkov A.A. - Shchipachev S.P. - Isakovsky M.V. - Prokofiev A.A. - Tvardovsky A.T.
1960-1980s
Tarkovsky A.A. - Samoilov D.S. - Sokolov V.N. - Yevtushenko E.A. - Voznesensky A.A. - Okudzhava B.Sh. - Akhmadulina B.A. - Moritz Y.P. - Zhigulin A.V. - Rubtsov N.M. - Kuznetsov Yu.P. - Kushner A.S. - Chukhontsev O.G.
Conclusion. Book of Nature
Application. Basic landscape images of Russian poetry. Frequency-thematic index
Bibliography
The book can be purchased through all online bookstores, for example, " Ozone " or " Bookland ", " Biblioglobus ", as well as in Moscow, St. Petersburg, Samara.
BiblioGlobus (city Lubyanka);
House of Books on Novy Arbat (Moscow House of Books, Arbatskaya metro station);
Young Guard (metro Novokuznetskaya);
Book Gallery "Nina" (metro Paveletskaya);
Bookstore of the Literary Institute: 123104, Moscow, Tverskoy Boulevard, 25. Entrance from
st. Bolshaya Bronnaya, from Pushkinskaya metro station, on the left side, to the sign: Lit. institute,
through the entrance. Tel. 202-8608. You can also order by email: "Gydov V."
<vn@ropnet.ru>
St. Petersburg House of Books (on Nevsky).
The book can also be purchased at the Moscow trade representative office of the Bakhrakh-M publishing house. Tel.: (495) 304-84-25; 8-903-193-80-45. Olga Logacheva. Address: Martenovskaya, 3 (metro station Novogireevo).
There you can also purchase other books by M. Epstein, published in the author’s series “Rainbow of Thought”: New Sectarianism. Types of religious and philosophical attitudes in Russia. 2005, 255 pp.Great Owl. Soviet mythology. 2006, 268 pp.