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IN SLOVAK 204 (274)
Projective lexicon of the Russian language March 16, 2008

New books

Maxim Krongauz’s book “The Russian Language on the Verge of a Nervous Breakdown” has been published (M.: Languages of Slavic Cultures, 2007, 230 pp.) This is an analytical review of trends, oddities, and eccentricities of the Russian language in the last decade. The author is a famous linguist and semiotician, head of the Institute of Linguistic Research at the Russian State University for the Humanities. The book is written in a very lively, engaging manner, with great knowledge and mastery of the subject. It gave me a rare reading pleasure. Speaking about the current overflow of borrowings in the Russian language, M. Krongauz comes to the following generalization: “This is perhaps the most striking and probably sad example of the fact that we are now not creating social, professional and cultural relations, but rather borrowing them together with the appropriate words, that is, we live in conditions of broadcasting someone else’s culture.” (p. 81)

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The collection “Linguistics and Poetics at the Beginning of the Third Millennium: Proceedings of the International Scientific Conference” has been published (V.V. Vinogradov Russian Language Institute RAS. Moscow, May 24-28, 2007), ed. Fateeva N. A. M.: Institute of Russian Language RAS, 2007, 531 pp.

You can purchase the book, in particular, at the Russian Language Institute, st. Volkhonka, 18/2. Phone: (+7 495) 695-26-60 (metro station Kropotkinskaya).

This collection also contains my article: “Do future participles have a future?”

Network buzzwords and terms

Shortcut: screed or straight?

In English there is a very useful and expressive word "shortcut". Usually it is translated long and awkwardly: “keyboard shortcut”, “shortcut keyboard command”. Such a name is not only cumbersome in itself, but also contradicts the very meaning of the word, which implies brevity and speed of communication, the path “through and through” (literally “short cut”). Moreover, shortcut is used not only to the keys, but in general to any abbreviated, straightened way of passing a signal, information, reference, business order. For example, “we need to find some shortcut to bypass this long bureaucratic procedure." In the largest, three-volume English-Russian dictionary (under edited by Yu. D. Apresyan) this word is translated as “an economical, rational way, method of achieving (smth.)". Can the Russian language really only be expressed in such a long and tedious way and does it not have a convenient “shortcut” for translating the word “ shortcut"?

Yes, and not even just one word. The simplest and most capacious word seems to me to be “ screed ”, from the verb “to tighten” (to connect the ends, edges of something, to bring closer, to move). The suffix “k” gives it a colloquial sound (cf. “fastening - paper clip, indicating - pointer”). The word “screed” is still occasionally used as a technical term (“cement screed”, “cars with screw ties”), but this in no way prevents its widespread use in the meaning of “shortcut”, i.e. the shortest, most direct connection.

Another word suitable for this purpose is " pryamka" , from the verb "to straighten". Its advantage is that it is not yet involved in the language. However, this can also be perceived as a disadvantage: it is easier for a familiar word to come into wide use than a word that has to start from scratch. “Straight” is not so easy to pronounce: the consonants “spr-mk” run into each other. “Screed” sounds better - and, by the way, it is one letter shorter than “straight”, and two letters shorter than the English shortcut. Nevertheless, the “direct” is much better than the “shortcut key”.

screed or spryamka is the shortest algorithm, a way to straighten, shorten long operations, procedures, directly connect, tighten the beginning and end of an action.

This key works as a screed for the “save” command... Here is a complete table of screeds - get to work.
Transferring through a secretary is a long process. Maybe we can find some kind of tie in this bureaucratic mechanism?
Every business has its own screed . Try to fit the contents of War and Peace into one page. Then you will learn to work in our business.
Metaphor is a concatenation of different areas of existence, which science can relate only through long intermediate links.
Physics is considering the possibility of connections and “punctures” between different parts of the universe, which will allow traveling between them faster than the speed of light.

elonIm (short for “electronic”, from Greek electron, amber + Greek onyma, name; cf. pseudonym , anonymous ) - electronic name.

A new category of personal names that has emerged in the last 10-15 years are electronic names, elonims . Computer addresses include in their first part (before the dog sign) the owner’s own name: in full, in abbreviation, in encrypted form, in combination with the surname. There are such elonyms as anatolis (Anatoly Serov), tatabel (Tata Belkina), seleb (Sergey Lebedev), aaa41132 (complete secrecy, but with a claim to alpha, not omega), etc. Everyone puts into their elonym the information that which one he wants. This secondary name, as a rule, pops up on the screen more often than the primary one (also known as the passport name). It always looms in the columns of e-mail, a special attitude arises towards it: the soul becomes attached, the mind rushes, it makes the eyes brighter... Or the gaze sweeps past this name indifferently, carelessly, with annoyance at its stickiness.

Electronic names are not always euphonious or auspicious, but they can be just as enchanting as real ones. Some Ira Fishkina or Irma Fisher acquired the elononym irf - in home mail and irfish - in office mail. If this Ira or Irma becomes significant for someone, then the name “irf” can become super iconic for him and lie on the heart with the same tender, warm heaviness as “Irochka”, “Irusik”, “Irmochka”. “And now my little irfik has come to me. My little irfik has come to me.” The heart beats, calling out this blissful, meaningless name and associating with it the content of the coming day. For some, the electronic name irf sounds like a small harp or a green willow tree... Elonyms have their own poetics, aesthetics, semiotics, psychology; studying them is a matter for the future.

For more information about elonims, see Mikhail Epstein. Love names. Introduction to
erotonymics . October, 2006, 7.

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The network project “The Gift of Words” has been published since April 2000. Every week, several new words are sent to subscribers, with definitions and examples of use. These words are not in any dictionary, and yet they denote significant phenomena and concepts for which there has not yet been a place in the public consciousness. "Dar" also conducts discussions about the Russian language, discusses letters and suggestions from readers. “The Gift of Speech” can serve as a manual on word creation and thought creation, an introduction to the linguistic sphere and conceptual sphere of the 21st century. All previous issues.

Subscribe to "Dar" your friends at (insert in this form ) http://subscribe.ru/catalog/linguistics.lexicon your email address

Yazykovod - website of the Center for Creative Development of the Russian Language.

PreDictionary - English neologisms by M. Epstein.

Association of Word and Term Finders ( AIST ) is a linguistic community on LiveJournal. An open platform for discussing new words and ideas.

New publications by M. Epstein (with links)

Humanities library (philosophy, cultural studies, religious studies, literary studies, linguistics, essays)