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IN SLOVAK 200 (269)
Projective lexicon of the Russian language February 10, 2008
Dear friends! Before you is the anniversary, two hundredth issue of "The Gift". The next issue will be devoted to reflections and generalizations, and this concludes the topic of the previous one : how, thanks to the short prefix “o,” you can give action energy to nouns and adjectives, turning them into transitive verbs. "Sound - voice." "Digital - digitize." This small example clearly shows the systematic nature of the language, which has not yet found its expression in speech norms and customs - and therefore pushes further processes of word formation. Systematicity is the engine of language development. In fact, each word creates a precedent, based on which dozens of new words can be formed, since they follow a certain model and are part of the capabilities of the language system.
Prefix "o": regular formation of transitive verbs (2)
okinoshit , oIlmit - transfer to a movie, to the screen.
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Projective lexicon of the Russian language February 10, 2008
Dear friends! Before you is the anniversary, two hundredth issue of "The Gift". The next issue will be devoted to reflections and generalizations, and this concludes the topic of the previous one : how, thanks to the short prefix “o,” you can give action energy to nouns and adjectives, turning them into transitive verbs. "Sound - voice." "Digital - digitize." This small example clearly shows the systematic nature of the language, which has not yet found its expression in speech norms and customs - and therefore pushes further processes of word formation. Systematicity is the engine of language development. In fact, each word creates a precedent, based on which dozens of new words can be formed, since they follow a certain model and are part of the capabilities of the language system.
Not all of them are needed by the language here and now, but it is important for us speakers to be aware of these models and be able to use them freely, because we do not know when, in what context we will need, for example, to form a verb from a name, to turn an object or quality into action. Language is smarter than us and often gets ahead of our thoughts, speaks for us what we haven’t even had time to think yet, and it speaks better and more concisely. Understanding the systemic properties of language connects us to its great energy of meaning formation.
Prefix "o": regular formation of transitive verbs (2)
capitalize - make metropolitan, turn into a capital.
The current authorities are trying to capitalize St. Petersburg, their small homeland.
to settle - to endow with a family, to introduce into a family state.
She worries about everyone, wants to inseminate all the lonely ones.
to evaluate - to give a goal, to make it expedient.
So what am I going to do in London again? walk? I would like to make this trip more meaningful .
whole - to make whole, to give integrity.
She is a whole nature and tries to make her friend whole , but he is all in reflection and
depression.
cover - provide with a roof, protection.
Do you want to boost your business?
literate - to make it literature, to endow it with literariness.
If a writer tries to literaryize his personal life, this may be beneficial for literature, but it does not come without damage to life.philosophize - turn into philosophizing, make philosophical.
You are too much of a philosopher of modern politics, believe me, it is driven by much smaller interests.otAttrit - transfer to the theater, make theatrical.
okinoshit , oIlmit - transfer to a movie, to the screen.
Your novel turned out to be very scenic. We must first theaterize it and then film it .journalize - turn into a magazine, attach to the journal.
I decided to journal my diary. - Now you will become a journalist , make friends and
stop writing to me.
signify - turn something into a sign, make it a sign or a sign.
In his new work he introduced space, whiteness, the absence of a sign. So straight
and writes: "".
act - turn into action, make effective.
Just like that, instantly, using one letter “o” to spell out a name, act on an object or quality - this is very close to me.
Transitive verbs with the prefix “o” are formed not only from nouns and adjectives, but also from other parts of speech, for example, pronouns.
onAshit - to make it ours, common.
How many things remain that are not divided, not doubled, not worn out ! I so want to trace them with an inadvertently forked stylus, leaving two lines at once; they run side by side, even when they are depicting something wavy.Verbs with the prefix “o” are also formed from proper names:I don't want to take this thing for myself. it with you I want to sew .
to Shakespearean - to make him like Shakespeare.
To make someone like Chekhov - to make him like Chekhov.
okitait - make it Chinese.
to steam - to make it Parisian.
Europeanize or Europeanize - make European.
You reproach him for Shakespearean Chekhov. What did you do yourself? Ochehovil Shakespeare.Along with transitive verbs, intransitive, reflexive verbs with the postfix -sya are also formed according to the same model.Twenty years living in Paris still did not Frenchize him .
Is it even possible to Europeanize Russia? Even Peter did not quite succeed.
in his direction “Uncle Vanya” was completely Shakespearean
Lenya has now become a journalist , forgotten about poetry and writes only articles.
Aren’t you afraid to become literary by sitting in the wilderness with a laptop?
He moved to Moscow, settled down and no longer knows the villagers.
Where are you going, for books? - No, I’m already down.
According to the same model, with the prefix “o” both full and short participles are formed.
He comes towards me, so chic and steamy
Is he still single? No, he’s already inseminated , and quite happily.
Are you a member of LiveJournal? - No, not published yet
Complex example:
We do not live life, but it lives and lives us out. Chews and chews. We need our own efforts to revive life, to live it to the fullest. The job of a person is to attach an object to himself, to create according to the standards of things and to create himself as a creator. Transform an object into its action on oneself. To x-ize x. To revive life, to bring existence into existence, to realize consciousness, to domesticate the house, to earth the earth, to love love, to domesticate the family, to ordain speech. The entire philosophy of intensity can be reduced not even to one word, but to one verbal prefix “o”. “Give me a point of support and I will turn the Earth upside down” (Archimedes). “-O-” is the fulcrum: in the very ability of an object to become an action, to be itself and more than itself, “itself” itself.It is not at all necessary that all these verbs end up in dictionaries; it is important that the very model of such word formation becomes regular and stable. So that any object or quality can be transformed into an action that transfers to other objects. To do this, it is enough to pronounce the desired nominal stem with the prefix “o”. Then the energy of action, transformation, expressed by this prefix, will enter the habit of our life and thought.
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BOOK NEWS
Writer Marina Arturovna Vishnevetskaya, winner of several prestigious awards and author of “The Gift” (see issues 196 and 197 ), has published a book “Letters”. Let us cite an excerpt from it dedicated to the inconspicuous and, in the opinion of many, dissonant letter “u”. How
Much in this sound merged for the Russian ear! How much resonated with him! This is a short virtuoso essay about this.
LETTER NO.
Looks like tentacles. On the snarled pike mouth. On the latch. On the brush. On the stubble. That's why
that the lizards consulted among themselves about it. The fact that the ancestors screwed up their mouths for her alone, entrusting everything that exists and everything prophetic to her: tracts, temples, idols of their almighty, their instigations, sacred groves, thickets that feed and frighten, daughters pregnant with the future, slings and squeaks that grabbed carnage, and maybe even for the sake of spectacle - if only life did not pass in vain and look for the whistling wind in the field...
But even now she is more powerful than all the letters. Letter-horde, letter-humishche. Because it expands and
multiplies everything it touches - eyes, eyes, holes, frosts... Generous!
And she is also a letter-now. Everything that is created, becoming, happening, everything
the bubbling, swarming, teeming thing will not start and will not last without it. That's why from time immemorial
it was written: happiness. And it was also written: misfortune... After all, it also happens if you backhand
only in the present. Repeat it and your mouth will become ticklish. Continue again and again - and then, from the anticipation of a smile, your cheeks will blur on their own. With this smile you have to say to yourself: “Now! Now! I’m dragging myself!” - a sure remedy for feelings of futility, for the illusion of mercilessness
what's happening. Letter-squint.
It’s hard to flaunt it - except with a gap-toothed mouth. Still, her greatest field is completed
past. So the horsetails, which still remember the dinosaurs, visibly bristle here and there, but how
as if they were just imagining things. The letter is thick. That's why it sounds so painful, making its way
by touch, from afar.
We trust in You, we overcome by praying... Even if we have gained the whole world ...
The letter is a tabernacle to which there is no return. Letter of power?
It's more like the letter cabbage soup - steaming, boiling, satiating. Letter-community, hard-working,
protecting, connecting, paving the way from the present to the future at every moment.
What about the Phoenicians and Greeks? Even Cyril and Methodius did not know such a sound,
whispering, squealing. That is why in Cyrillic this letter was called shta . AND
it had to be read as a piece. Night, thing, treasure - it was written in Old Slavonic,
it was pronounced: nosht, news, treasure. But in Church Slavonic, rich
ancient Russian dialect, but also imbued it with itself, night has always been night,
vanity is vanity, food is food, sackcloth is sackcloth.
Letter-look-for-fistula.
No it is not true. Letter-power-reshI. Because might means to be able, and decree means to say. You can say it! Letter-happiness.
Marina Vishnevetskaya. From the book " Letters ". M.: Eksmo, 2008.
The book can be purchased in many cities. For example, just one link
sends to 23 Moscow Book Houses,
M. A. Vishnevetskaya has a network page on which various genres of her work are impressively presented. Lovers of not only letters, but also words and literature as such will experience joy. http://www.marvish.ru/
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The network project “The Gift of Words” has been published since April 2000. Every week, several new words are sent to subscribers, with definitions and examples of use. These words are not in any dictionary, and yet they denote significant phenomena and concepts for which there has not yet been a place in the public consciousness. "Dar" also conducts discussions about the Russian language, discusses letters and suggestions from readers. “The Gift of Speech” can serve as a manual on word creation and thought creation, an introduction to the linguistic sphere and conceptual sphere of the 21st century. All previous issues.
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Yazykovod - website of the Center for Creative Development of the Russian Language.
PreDictionary - English neologisms by M. Epstein.
Association of Word and Term Finders ( AIST ) is a linguistic community on LiveJournal. An open platform for discussing new words and ideas.