Where are you, Brutus?

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Some acts of Julia Caesar (selective, but pushing on analogy):

Caesar wanted to centralize the Office of the Republic and evil languages ​​said that he was striving for royal power. However, Caesar went in the other way: he became a lifelong dictator. He insisted that he was called simply - Caesar

In 59 BC. e. Caesar is elected by the senior consul of the Republic of Roman. His younger partner is his political opponent Mark Kalpurny Bibul, a member of the Optimata faction. Bibul was only formally consul, in fact he was removed from power.

Being a consul, Caesar in 59 BC. e. Contrary to the stubborn resistance of the Senate and his younger partner, a number of laws in order to strengthen the state structure, and the main task of Caesar was the weakening of the Senate.

The Vatini law, according to which Caesar received the control of North Italy for 5 years, was most important for the further importance for the future. And here the Senate was forced to give in and even go further: to add to the above management of Transalpin Gaul for the same time). Subsequently, this period was extended for another five years.

As a result of three years of successful war, Caesar has repeatedly increased its condition. He generously endowed with the money of his supporters, attracting new people, he increased his influence.

In winter, 56–55 BC. e. A new triumph agreement took place, according to which Caesar received Gaul for another 5 years. (Triumvirate is a private agreement of three persons, by anyone and nothing but their mutual consent, not authorized).

Marcellus, not wanting to transfer the case into the hands of new consuls, accompanied by several senators, without any authority, on December 13 appeared in the Kuman villa Pompey and handed him a sword to protect the free system. On December 13, Caesar is absolutely correctly considered to be the beginning of the turmoil - Initiumtumultus - from Pompey. The actions of Pompey were illegal and were immediately (December 21) were proclaimed by such in Anthony’s speech, one of the legates of Julia Caesar.

In the era of triumvirate, Caesar consciously carried out the idea of ​​centralizing power and the need to destroy the prestige and significance of the Senate.

To carry out all those plans that Caesar planned, his power should have been as strong, possibly unstressed, possibly complete, but at least at first, it should not have exit formally from the framework of the constitution.

The dictatorship, as the basis, is next to this a series of special powers - therefore, those frames in which Yu. Caesar wanted to put and put his power.

49 years - the people, at the suggestion of the praetor Lepida, choose him as a dictator. Returning to Rome, Yu. Caesar holds several laws, collects comments on which he is chosen for the second time by the consul (for 48 years). In the next 48, he received a dictatorship for the 2nd time, on the 47th year he receives a number of powers: in addition to the dictatorship-the consulate for 5 years (from 47) and the Tribuna power-in addition, the right to call the people his candidate for magistrates, the right to distribute without the lot of the province of former praetors

In 46, Caesar was a dictator for the third time and consul. This year, its powers are significantly expanding. He was chosen by a dictator for 10 years and at the same time as a head of morals with unlimited powers. At the same time, his right to recommend the people of candidates for magistrates was confirmed, which was equivalent to the right to appoint them.

In 45, he was a dictator for the 4th time and at the same time consul. After the Spanish war (January 44), it is elected by a dictator for life and consul for 10 years. The inviolability of the stands joins the Tribuna power; The right to appoint magistrates and promottles is expanding the right to appoint consuls, to distribute the provinces between the proxuls and to appoint plebeian magistrates. In the same year, Caesar was given the exceptional authority to dispose of the army and money of the state. Finally, in the same 44 g he was given lifelong censorship and all his orders were approved in advance by the Senate and the people. In this way, Caesar became a sovereign monarch, remaining within the constitutional forms.