Translated material
The latest outcasts of Europe
They tried to find a conflict in Cheka-Botheiovitsa at the public hearings organized by the mayor, during which both sides of the conflict spoke, but each of the participants remained in their opinion. Representatives of the gypsy minority paid attention to a contemptuous attitude towards them, bordering on racism, and the rest of those present indicated a high crime rate in the areas of residence of the gypsies. The last statement was dispelled by the mayor of the city of Yurai Tom, who stated that this level in the May area is lower than in other areas, especially in the city center. His words were not affected by the situation: in the following hearings, anti -shed demonstrations continued on the weekend, for which the authorities were not received. Last Saturday, the police detained 60 people in Cheske-Bideiovitsa.
Compared to other countries, for example, Bulgaria, Spain, Romania or France, the share of the gypsy population is relatively small in the Czech Republic. If in Romania gypsies are approximately 5 percent of the population, then in the Czech Republic, according to the last census, less than one percent . Slovakov in the Czech Republic lives more than gypsies, although there is an opinion that many gypsies do not indicate their ethnicity in the documents and in fact there are more of them. Gypsies who do not speak other language, except Czech, often indicate in the profiles that they are Czechs.
At the same time, conflicts associated with the coexistence of the Slavs and Gypsies (Roma) in the Czech Republic recently arise more and more often. Last year, massive anti -shangun demonstrations swept through several cities in the north of the country. They began due to the growth of crime after a gypsy ghetto arose on the outskirts of several cities in this region: the gypsies were relocated here due to the cheapness of local real estate.
The ghetto appeared after the return of the property for restitution. Basically, it was about buildings in the historical centers of cities, under socialism belonging to municipalities. Under the Communists, after nationalization, the gypsies often instilled there. After the restoration of property justice, the former owners or their descendants, who received real estate in restitution, sought to get rid of the old tenants, often offering them money or repayment of debt on rent. The gypsies moved to the outskirts, and the current ghetto arose. With their appearance, special schools began to appear, in which the vast majority of students are gypsies. According to polls, such schools would not want to give their children up to 80 percent of the inhabitants of the Czech Republic. A similar situation arose in Romania, where gypsies from the center were evicted even on the territory of abandoned factories or to dilapidated houses on the outskirts.
The situation recently drew attention to the situation by the Council of Europe, whose statement says that "in the Czech Republic, the gypsies remain the most common victims of racial motivated violence." It is not only about such high -profile matters as the arson of the house in the town of Vitkov three years ago, as a result of which a two -year -old gypsy girl received 80 percent of her body, but also about daily discrimination of the gypsy minority. The situation began to deteriorate after the collapse of Czechoslovakia and is associated with the advent of compact residence of the gypsies. However, it is observed not only in the Czech Republic, but also in other countries of the European Union.
The European commission developed recommendations for countries with a gypsy population two years ago. This was due to the deportation of the Romanian gypsies, begun by the French government after the so -called Louisian incident , when a gypsy teenager died in a shootout with the police and this caused a conflict between representatives of the Romanian gypsy community and order ministers. The French government supported the deportation of gypsies to their homeland, motivating their decision by the fact that they lived in illegal settlements. The European Union condemned the actions of the French authorities. The then -distributed document noted that Roma is the largest ethnic minority in Europe, where from 10 to 12 million people live, of which about 8 million in the European Union. At the same time, "gypsies often become victims of violence, racism, discrimination, and therefore are public outcasts and live in extreme poverty, do not have access to medical care, education, and are faced with employment problems." Behind these common phrases there is a real attitude of the majority to the gypsies: in the center for the study of the Holocaust of Great Britain, Roma is considered the most hated minority in the EU.
Over the past two years, the program of social integration of the gypsies financed by the EU has not given visible results. Throughout the European Union, the problems are more or less of the same: at least 10 percent of gypsy children aged 7 to 15 years are not at all attending school at all, and the fifth part miss lessons. The impossibility of obtaining a certificate - along with the fact that most gypsies live in rural areas - affects the future employment: among the Roma, the indicators of unemployment.
Only Spain manages to achieve complete integration of gypsies into society: at least 75 percent of them in this country have a constant income, half owns their own real estate and all, without exception, have access to the formation and healthcare system. Only five percent of Spanish gypsies do not have permanent housing. This is the result of many years of policy pursued in Spain after the fall of the Francisco Franco regime, during which the gypsies were forbidden to occupy certain jobs and gather in groups of more than four people. The gypsy minority in Spain is two percent of the country's inhabitants, or almost a million people. For his needs, a government program was created partially funded from the EU funds: 36 million euros annually. These funds are used exclusively to support education: gypsy families gain access to municipal housing and state social assistance if their children go to school and undergo regular medical examinations. As a result, the new generation of Spanish gypsies does not face the problems that their parents had to cope with. Another key to integration is the fight against public prejudices thanks to the support of gypsy culture.
In other EU countries, where conflicts arise from time to time, the negative image of the gypsies as “unsuitable” for social life is often created in the press. First of all, they mean large families who use the benefits of social assistance and do not want to look for work. In the UK - after the next expansion of the European Union in 2004 and the emergence of the possibility of visa -free entry into the country of residents of new EU members - gypsies from the Czech Republic and Slovakia stopped at the border, not giving permission to enter. During the next extension, in 2007, the high percentage of the gypsy minority in Bulgaria and Romania, as well as the poverty of these countries, forced the UK to introduce restrictions on the employment of citizens of novice countries. British right -wing newspapers tirelessly recall that quotas will be canceled in 2014 and supposedly should be expected to work for less money than the British agree. The Independent newspaper recently decided to understand the situation and sent a reporter Jeremy Taylor to Romania, who said in a series of reports that not all gypsies seek to seek happiness in the British Isles. Taylor writes with regret that "about the persecution of gypsies with ethnic roots in North India, but living in Europe for more than one and a half thousand years, is well known. Along with Jews, gays and people with limited capabilities, the Nazis killed the Nazis during the Second World War. But over the past seven decades, their attitude to Judaism, homosexuality and disability in Europe have been It is revised, the gypsies are still faced with prejudices. "