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The program of state support for repatriates yesterday Vladimir Putin announced the signing of the decree on state support for compatriots who wished to return to Russia for permanent residence. They are invited to choose from 12 regions. The state plans to open in the capitals of the CIS and the Baltic of the migration service representative office and recruit volunteers for relocation. They will be paid for travel to a new place of residence, as well as “lifting” for those who want to live in a “bear corner”. The decree may push to the resettlement of up to 4 million foreign compatriots. The purpose of the Decree “On measures to assist the voluntary resettlement of compatriots living abroad in the Russian Federation” is the stimulation of voluntary counting on permanent residence in Russia of former residents of the USSR to “compensate for the natural loss of the population in the country as a whole and in its individual regions”.

Where are the repatriates are waiting

In the development of the decree, the president approved the program of state support of immigrants and an interdepartmental commission, which will be supervised by his assistant Viktor Ivanov. The government, the Federal Migration Service (FMS) and the heads of 12 regions were appointed responsible for the implementation. These are Krasnoyarsk, Primorsky, Khabarovsk Territory, Kaluga, Lipetsk, Tverskaya, Tambov, Amur, Irkutsk, Tyumen, Novosibirsk regions. For Russians from far abroad - Kaliningrad region.

The program is designed for 6 years. It will begin with the regions of their needs for labor force and the preparation of legislative acts. As Vladimir Pligin, chairman of the State Duma Committee on Constitutional Legislation and State Building, explained to the “newspaper”, the execution of the program will not require amendments to the current legislation, everything will be regulated by the by -laws of the government.

As the program suggests, immigrants will be fully paid for moving to the place of residence, they will be given out “lifting”, within six months before receiving citizenship they will issue cash benefits monthly.

The compatriot will choose from three categories of "the territory of the Enforcement in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation." Category "A" - border territories. “B” - territories where large investment projects are being implemented. “B” - territories “on which over the past three or more years there are a reduction in the total population”. Financial support and state guarantees for employment are provided in full only in the territory of category “A”.

The key question

The press service of the Federal Migration Service "Gazeta" refused to name the amount of financial support for the program, as the government will determine specific numbers. And Konstantin Zatulin, a member of the State Duma Committee on CIS Affairs and Relations with compatriots: "I'm afraid that planned manuals will be extremely insufficient."

However, the fate of repatriates largely depends on the regional authorities. The Kaliningrad Governor Georgy Boos told Gazeta: "We will make a maximum possible that the compatriots who arrived take root and become full -fledged citizens of the Russian society." And he promised to “expand the housing construction program in the field so that immigrants could either buy it on mortgage lending, or remove it on reasonable conditions.”

For repatriates, a key and most painful question is housing. According to the FMS that sounded last year at the hearing in the Federation Council, 1185.2 thousand forced migrants are registered in various departments, most of which have nowhere to live. The solution to the problem will require 18 billion rubles, and the budget for 2006 for these purposes provides for only 250 million (the entire budget of the FMS for this year is 1 billion) rubles.

According to experts, the migration potential in the CIS is 3.5-4 million people. The chairman of the Executive Committee of the "Forum of Migrant Organizations" Lidia Grafova believes that the mood is changing: "Potential immigrants have heard about the disasters that are experiencing 5 million illegal immigrants already living in our country." According to her, only one thousand families receive housing per year. 39 thousand families have been in perennial lines, some since 1992. “Before attracting new compatriots from abroad, it would be worth paying the debts that the state has to the already arrived,” Grafova says. “But I welcome this program. Now the attention of the president, which has a high rating of society’s confidence, will only serve the benefits of migration.”

Kazakh experience

The laws on repatriation (the return of compatriots to their homeland) apply in several countries: Latvia, Poland, Israel, Germany, Kazakhstan. The Russian program on the relocation of compatriots is most reminiscent of the "Law on the Migration of the Population", which has been in Kazakhstan since December 1997.

According to this law, the state does not charge customs payments and taxes from repatriate; It provides moving with property, provides assistance in employment, advanced training, mastering a new profession, registering as unemployed, and receiving unemployment benefits. Places of permanent residence of repatriates are annually determined by the President of Kazakhstan in accordance with the quota for repatriation.

Will Russia become a center of attraction?

Artemy Troitsky / Musical critic:

“Russia and without any decree is the center of attraction for two types of people living abroad. Firstly, these are Russophiles, that is, people in love with Russian culture. There are a lot of such not only and not so much among ethnic Russians as among the French, British, Americans, Germans, Dutch ... It is another matter that they often prefer to keep their love at distances.

The second type of people who love to come to us, and sometimes stay here for a long time - these are businessmen -adventurers, people who like to catch a fish in muddy water and make good condition out of nothing. It often happens that they succeed in our country for the good of our country, too, but often they suck something out of it and immediately dump. In this sense, Russia, unlike the West, is the place where this is still possible.

If I were an ethnic Russians living somewhere in Europe or America, I would rather return to Russia from Yeltsin. Then it was a dynamic, interesting, adventurous country - it was practically a giant anarchy! Of course, there was a lot of criminal and unappetizing, but the country was alive! Today's Russia is a rather dead country than alive. And I, being an ethnic Russians, now I would not return to Russia. ”

Nikolai Gubenko / Artistic Director of the theater "Commonwealth of the Actors of Taganka", deputy of the Moscow City Duma:

“Yes, it will become, but on one condition: if it confesses the policy of sufficiency for all social strata of the population, starting with the rich and ending with thirty or sorroki millions, which are called the poorest. That's when each of the poorests will have enough social guarantees and there will be no poverty and hunger, Russia will become a light in terms of fair distribution of the national product, employment, natural resources, etc.

Then Russia will be able to attract not only those three emigrations that were after 1917, or those “Russian -speaking brothers” from the former USSR, but also the latest emigrants who will strive for the country of social justice. ”

Yakov Pliner / Chairman of the Latvian Seima faction “For human rights in a single Latvia”:

“Many citizens of Russia - I mean war veterans - are offended by their Fatherland. Because they provide a number of benefits to veterans - Russian citizens living in Russia, and our powerful old people, veterans of the Great Patriotic War, living in Latvia, do not receive almost benefits.

Of course, Russia rises from the knees; In my understanding, this is a great self -sufficient power.

But, in my opinion, Russia still will not become the center of attraction, because those hundred thousand who wanted to leave have already left for you. And now the able -bodied population, also about a hundred thousand people, has left to work in England, Ireland and a number of other countries of the European Union.

Why leave us even in your large cities if people have housing and work here? I do not think that today in Russia for our non -native resident it will be so good. Not so long ago, the Governor of the Kaliningrad Region Boos urged residents of the Baltic countries to come, because he was “very good in him, they are needed and arranged”, and there was also no mass outflow.

Of course, this is the right of Mr. Putin - to sign the decrees that he considers necessary, and it is unlikely that he will hear the "newspaper". But if I heard, I would urge Vladimir Vladimirovich a little to turn my gaze to the eighty -year -old old people, Russian citizens or Latvia citizens, and help them! ”

Grigory Leps / Singer:

“Putin issued a decree - and issued. He makes them a lot, but the main thing is that they work! I think that they will return to us, they will only fit their affairs. They will come for good, because living here is easier. Many people are already returning to us, especially from America. There is nothing to do there, life is boring and there is nowhere to steal ... "

06/26/2006 / Rustem Falyakhov, Olga Redichkina, Kirill Zubkov, the material was published in the "newspaper" No. 109 dated 06/27/2006.