Translated material
The collective farm is over
A unified land and real estate accounting system will finally appear in Russia
Already next spring, every Russian will be able to know exactly how much the state values his property and how much taxes he wants to take from this property . Yesterday, the State Duma adopted the law “On the State Real Estate Cadastre” in the third and final reading. If the law is approved by senators and signed by the president, from March 1, 2008 in Russia there will finally be a unification of two parallel accounting systems - land and real estate .Instead of technical registration of buildings, structures, structures and state cadastral registration of land plots, it is proposed to introduce a unified cadastral registration of all real estate objects. Cadastral registration, in essence, is a legal act of recognition and confirmation by the state of the very fact of the existence of a property. Until this is done, the property cannot exist as an object of law and without cadastral registration it is impossible to obtain a certificate of ownership.
If in European countries every square meter of land has its own owner and the history of each plot can be documented going back several centuries, then in Russia for a long time there was no subject at all for maintaining a land cadastre, since all the land was in state or collective farm ownership. Real estate in the form of buildings was taken into account by the BTI. Land plots began to be described and registered only in 1992, when work began on the land cadastre.
They began to bring together information about the land and all the buildings standing on it only three years ago. The real estate cadastre includes three types of information about the property, namely: physical characteristics (the building along with the land), its legal status, and the value necessary for calculating taxes.
As the developers of the cadastre from Rosnedvizhimost assured, if land is taken into account effectively, then Russia can show a 94% increase in the capitalization of income from land and real estate, while today the level of land capitalization to GDP is only 6%. It is unknown where such figures came from, but many experts agree that the real estate cadastre system is capable of “revitalizing dead capital.”
In recent years, many tools have appeared on the residential real estate market that allow you to buy an apartment in installments or provide it as collateral. In practice, only large enterprises can use a land plot as collateral to obtain a loan. This tool is not yet available to private individuals, just as the pleasure of feeling like a full-fledged owner of real estate was not available during the Soviet Union.
It will be extremely easy to evaluate your property and calculate taxes on it. Rosnedvizhimost has posted information on its website about the cadastral value of all land plots in the country. If the owner of a land plot knows its cadastral number (the number is listed in an extract from the Unified State Register of Rights), finding information on the plot will not be difficult.
Theoretically, prices for any manipulations with land should also decrease. This is especially true for those who would like to take advantage of the “dacha amnesty” , for whom expensive land surveying services are often the main obstacle when registering ownership of a plot of land. For inventory and measurement of land, which is necessary when selling or buying land, it will be possible to involve not only BTI, but also commercial structures, which, according to the new law, will unite into self-regulatory organizations.
The law also introduces a new profession - cadastral engineer. Rosnedvizhimost will maintain the state register of cadastral engineers and monitor the compliance of the qualifications of these specialists with professional requirements.