Translated material
Clans cloning
Who and how fights for power in Dagestan
Interdoveness. Dagestan has been living without the head of the Ministry of Internal Affairs for a month, and by the end of the year the Kremlin will have to decide who to put the president of the republic. The region is torn by the struggle of clans, in which it is difficult to survive. They shoot and kill almost every day. The New Times tried on the spot to understand if there is a chance to stop bloodshed 
The triple union warring parties sit on different sides of the central square of Makhachkala: here is the presidential administration, the government, the parliament, the city hall, and the Ministry of Internal Affairs. After several terrorist attacks, the area from all sides is numb by police cordons. Pensioners are occupied on the sides of the square on the sides of the square - they play chess and discuss the latest news: who was blown up and who was shot where. On the pedestal at the monument to Lenin, they do not know how to take themselves to Lenin for days: in Russian they say, although with errors. They ask: "How are you in Russia there?" -As if Dagestan is some other country. They do not spread about politics: President Aliyev is called the “philosopher” and they say that he does not know how to knock his fist on the table. They prefer not to talk about the mayor of Amirov at all: they are afraid of him here.
In February 2010, the powers of the current head of the republic Mukhu Aliyev expire. He and his team are doing everything to stay in power for another four years, but many are sure that the president’s positions were very shocked after the scandal with the appointment of the head of the tax service of the republic (see a certificate in the fields) and especially after the murder of Minister Magomedtagirov. The opponents of Aliyev, the heads of key regions of Dagestan, insist: he would have to leave the presidential office. In the north of Dagestan, the positions of the head of the Kizlyar district, the Olympic freestyle wrestling champion of Saigid Murtazaliev, the head of the Suleiman-Stalsky district, the former prosecutor of Dagestan Imam Yaraliev, the conditional center-behind Said Amirov, one of the most influential people in the republic, are strong.
Three competitors form an informal union against the current president. The only task of this "coalition" is to achieve Aliyev’s resignation. The president, however, also has someone to lean on: “There is not a single person who would have coped with the republic better than Fly Aliyev,” said the New Times, the mayor of Khasavyurt Saigidpashi Umakhanov, adding that he remains at his post only at the president’s personal request and submits a resignation of the day the news of Aliyev’s departure appears.
The blood question of the president, the head of government and speaker of the parliament traditionally share representatives of the three largest nationalities - Avars, Dargins, Kumyks. National quotas are also used in the division of portfolios in the office of ministers or the formation of parliament, only then small nations - Laks, Lezgins, Russians also enter the game. Dagestan has ruled the past half a century
* * Mukha Aliyev is the first president of Dagestan, before the reform of the local vertical of power at the top of it was the post of chairman of the State Council. Alternately Avars and Dargins. The chairman of the State Council of the Dargins Magomedali Magomedov was replaced by Avar Mukha Aliyev. In February 2010, according to the rules, it should be replaced by a Dargin. The favorite, based on this “national” logic, is just the Makhachkala mayor of Dargina Said Amirov. His candidacy was considered by the Kremlin four years ago: the argument “against” was the state of the health of Amirov, he survived 15 attempts and moves in a wheelchair.
By the way, the opponents of the current president reproach him, including in violation of these "national rules of the game." On June 19, an open letter was published in one of the republican newspapers, the head of the Khasavyurt district Alimsoltan Alkhamatov: “With the appointment of Mukha Aliyev, targeted discrimination of the Kumyk people is underway. (...) The Kumyks have only two ministers. (...) The norms of national quotation are not respected in Dagestan when appointing to leadership positions, which is fraught with unpredictable consequences for the multinational republic. ”
The forest brothers all August in Dagestan will be commemorative events dedicated to the 10th anniversary of the invasion of Shamil Basayev militants to the republic, which lit the wick of the Second Chechen War. It is expected that these days Prime Minister Vladimir Putin will fly here. It is possible that the militants will decide to “celebrate” the date. Although without any round dates, they attacked 2-3 times a week. Mostly to police officers. So, on the morning of June 30, 2 policemen were injured in the Khasavyurt district, and on the night of July 1, the police department in Derbent was attacked. The result is 2 killed and 14 wounded. Deputy Minister of the Interior, Colonel Magomed Ismailov, says: “We have not had a single day off in an intensified mode and day and night, over the past six months.” According to Ismailov, there are no large groups of militants (they are called “forest brothers”): “Everyone wants to be a Amir. I scored a gang of 3 people - already Amir. ” Ismailov claims that many young children manage to persuade to stop running through the forests - they are called "returners." However, according to local human rights activists, there are no “returners”, as there are no detainees, they immediately destroy everyone. “After the murder of Minister Magomedtagirov, the rating of militants in the eyes of the townsfolk has grown sharply,” says one of the human rights activists.
* On June 24, the responsibility for this murder was assumed by the leader of the Gimrin militants Ibrahim Gaddadaev: the unknown people hacked the website of the state news agency RIA "Dagestan", posting a statement by Gajaddaev on it. “Over the years of General Magomedtagirov’s work, normal practice began to plant suspects on bottles, grind their teeth with a file.” “Do they take them to the sanatorium? - objects Colonel Ismailov. “We behave tough, but not cruelly.”
The Holy Inquisition according to the mayor of Amirov, there are no interethnic problems in Dagestan: “There are 16 nationalities in the forests. The problem is the fragmentation of Muslims. ” And human rights activists, and journalists, and the military claim that one of the main reasons for the split is the activities of the spiritual administration of Muslims Dagestan (DUMD). The spiritual administration, which is called the “Ministry of Pravda”, then the “reincarnation of the Holy Inquisition”, is a public organization and should unite all Muslims (90% of the population of the republic). “Once in the village I went in a madrassas to see what Imam teaches children there. He has four sons, and all in the private secular colleges of Makhachkala, and this is worth a lot of money. He does not score his brains. I then spoke to the locals who send children instead of a school in a madrasah, told them not to listen to this rogue, ”Colonel Ismailov was indignant. - Or about 10 years ago, fashion went to send children to study at Arab universities. What will they be taught there? " The security forces claim that many graduates of the Universities of Cairo, Bukhara, Damascus, returning home, head the circles of radical Islamists.
Human rights activists have set up other accusations: the leadership of the DUMD, according to them, is corrupt, and pass all the dissenting imams who destroy them as militants. The spiritual mentors - sheikhs, whose Murids (students), eventually go underground, are sometimes distinguished among others in Dagestan, not wanting to obey the central religious power. If you go to any bookstore, then the scale of the DUMD work is evident: each book on religious topics is accompanied by the stamp "approved by the spiritual department of Muslims of Dagestan."
In the DUMD, these accusations refute. The sign “approved”, according to the head of the press service of the Office of Magomedrasul Omarov, is exclusively advisory and it was decided to put it in the interests of the book traders themselves: so that law enforcement agencies, with suspicion of any religious literature, have no complaints about them. None of the DUMD has long been given directions to study abroad for a long time. The pressure on the dissenters, according to the head of the press service of the DUMD, could really have appeared earlier, but over the past 6–7 years this practice has been eradicated. “As for cooperation with the bodies of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, a knocking, this, of course, is a shame. DUMD is condemned, ”Omarov said in an interview with The New Times. “It's easier to cooperate with a buffalo than with our Ministry of Internal Affairs.” Omarov claims that there are almost no ideological militants in the mountains: they do not leave because of religious contradictions, but because of social disorder.
There are no places by determining the candidate of the future President of Dagestan, the Kremlin will have to take into account hundreds of national, religious and political factors, the ignoring of which can lead to a sharp exacerbation of the situation. And here is still crazy unemployment: officially there is practically no it in the republic, unofficially - up to 80% of the able -bodied population. These unemployed and replenish the ranks of the “forest brothers”, mining for their own for robbery. Three quarters of the republic’s budget are formed by transfers from the federal center, which settled, according to, in the pockets of the “bosses”. Local business is controlled by mafia clans closely related to the "chiefs". At the same time, the Chechen version, when the most powerful clan crushes power and money for itself, is unlikely to pass in Dagestan due to the national factor. How to get out of this impasse, apparently, they do not know either in Moscow or in Makhachkala. One thing is clear: the abandation will turn around with new bloodshed. Question: Does it get over the borders of the republic ...
In November 2008, the former head of the Federal Tax Service of the Federal Tax Service Nazim Apaev resigned, and in the frales of 2009 Moscow sent Vladimir Radchenko, who held a similar position in Karachay-Cherkessia. The appointment inconsistent with the local authorities turned out to be a conflict: Radchenko simply refused to let go to the workplace, and when he nevertheless arrived in the republic, he was taken out of Makhachkala unknown, among whom, allegedly, was the son of President Aliyev Gadzhimurad Aliyev, and urgently recommended that he get out of Dagestan. The confrontation of the Kremlin and Makhachkala ended with the victory of the latter, the appointment of Radchenko was disrupted, and the post of head of the Federal Tax Service was taken by Deputy Prime Minister Nikolai Chichvarin.
Photo by RIA Novosti/Natalya Kraerova, str