Translated material
How much does students mobility cost
Executive Director of the Higher University of Science and Technology at Institutes of the Russian Academy of Sciences
The newspaper "Moscow News", which resumed its work in March 2011, paid attention to education. In particular, two notes related to students mobility appeared in it.
The first note “why you need to study with the“ Germans ”” [1] was written by Igor Efimov, professor at the University of Washington in St. Louis (USA), vice president of the Association of Russian-speaking scientists. A graduate of the MIPT writes: “The scientific and educational community is the least reformed of all professional communities in Russia. Plane Plans to study abroad is an attempt to break the vicious circle of personnel reproduction on these principles, an attempt to create a backbone of the future scientific and educational community of Russia on the principles of meritocracy. ”
Let the first thesis remain on the conscience of the author observing Russia from Missouri. Competent reforms require primarily huge funds both to set the reform problem and the implementation of infrastructure and managerial changes. This money, comparable to the amounts of space -scale projects, is unlikely to risk allocating. But with the second thesis, you can conditionally agree. Ultimately, the young will determine the face of science in 10–20 years, and by that time, maybe reforms (evolutionary modernization) will be stuck.
Another note, “Harvard on Import” [2] , tells us about the state of affairs on the program of state support for training abroad at leading universities of a large number of students (up to 3% of all students of the Russian Federation).
According to the training program at the 50 best universities, developed jointly by the Club of Harvard University graduates, the administration of the President of Russia, the Ministry of Economic Development and the Ministry of Education and Science, it is planned to send from 10 to 30 thousand students a year, which will cost about 15–45 billion rubles. These are serious funds (about 1-3% of expenses for all education of the Russian Federation), several times more than financing Moscow State University.
It is possible that our rectorship corps will resist such proposals. According to the source “MN”, “In fact, there is no program in the government. Instead, a government decree is being prepared, which will allow research universities to spend part of the funds allocated by him on training his students and employees abroad. However, how many people will be trained, what amount of funds will be directed for these purposes, how this training will be organized and how they will ensure the return of people from abroad is not indicated in the resolution. ”
“On the initiative of Arkady Dvorkovich on August 1, 2011, a working group was created to develop a student training program in leading universities in the world under the patronage of the Presidential Commission for the Development of a System for Search and Support for Talented Children and Youth.” It is proposed to create a special agency in Russia, which will make a list of specializations strategically necessary for the development of the country. Apparently, such an agency will be the recently created Asi. According to the authors of the program, now these are specialists in the field of government, computer technology, builders and engineers.
Being a supporter of students' training abroad, I will note counterarguments against the details of the program:
- Why invest in training if tens of thousands of immigrants from Russia have been trained or studied at the best foreign universities and business schools - why not try to attract them to the civil service to run into the project and see what will come of it. It is said that single examples are already being implemented. But what will happen if you try to attract tens of thousands of such students?
- If the program of Arkady Dvorkovich is implemented, to the fact that students will study abroad (I believe that many Russian students are able to act and study at Harvard in a certain training), the best and talented will also study abroad. Accordingly, our universities are even more impressive for talents.
- As you know, for entering the best Western universities the main condition is an excellent knowledge of the English language. There are much fewer opportunities for learning a language from the hinterland, from low -income families than residents of large centers (all the more living abroad) and having wealthy parents, which, in general, inevitably leads to an increase in social stratification.
- Planning the specializations necessary for the state (after 5-10 years) in the era of violently growing economies, technologies, and social processes-a hopeless occupation and an extra waste of money.
- It is much more effective for the goal of using budget funds for Internet programs and students' internships not at universities, but in companies, organizations in order to quickly obtain practical skills. For such internship programs, money could be asked in foreign countries themselves.
Minister Andrei Fursenko at the St. Petersburg Forum in June 2011 He stated that the program is "in a high degree of readiness." There is a suspicion that when making such large decisions, they may not consult with employers, students, parents, teachers and the scientific community. What remains to do? From my point of view, there is a resource to increase the effectiveness of internal Russian higher education at the research stage of education (master's). In addition to international mobility, the development of internal mobility of students, which somehow falls out of the field of view of reformers.
In the latter version of the draft law on the formation of the Russian Federation [3], only international academic mobility is mentioned (Article 109, clause 3). But this is basically not so important. The internal mobility of IMHO can be the internal affairs of the scientific and educational community and the Mezhunihuniiterate event. Justifying this opportunity, I would like to note two points.
Firstly, with the modesty of funds allocated for science and research education (magistracy), the self-organization of the scientific and educational community in the integration of science and education is not only a way of peaceful coexistence. Unification of efforts is an option to survive science in the country. And the process of disintegration is really observed. From my point of view, this is the most significant claim to the current Minister of Education and Science. Unfortunately, universities (their management and mon) pull the blanket over themselves and go along the extensive development path: they create duplicate scientific laboratories in universities (even try to duplicate the wounds), purchase ineffectively used equipment, experience difficulties with the employment of candidates of sciences and other basic departments in their current status, it seems that an unanimous fate shines. Formally adopted Law No. 308-ФЗ dated December 1, 2007 “On Amending Certain Legislative Acts of the Russian Federation on the Integration of Science and Education”. However, this law practically does not work. Attempts from below to create, for example, a scientific laboratory at a regional university as a structural unit of the Russian Academy of Sciences rest against the concrete wall of the ligament of the university administration - officials of the mon.
Secondly, offering certain ways to solve problems, you should use the approach taking into account the interests of the main groups of participants in the scientific and educational process, given the consequences of certain solutions for these groups. In particular, for the RAS system is:
a) the leadership of the Russian Academy of Sciences with academics working both in universities and in academic institutions;
b) the administration and the directorate of institutes;
c) leaders of scientific groups;
d) full -time researchers;
e) young students, graduate students and interns.
Given these points, for the same internal mobility, one can also act within the framework of existing legislation. I mean the idea of cross-university education. The essence of the project of a cross-university education is in the form of the implementation of a network university. The basis of such a “university” includes individually selected special courses, teachers and scientific leaders of various universities, including institutions of state academies of science. The formation of the program is carried out at the choice of the customer, taking into account the recommendations of experts, consultants, employers.
Cross-university education can be carried out on a contractual basis-a multilateral agreement between universities on mutual recognition and alternative selection of courses. Implementation -
Through selection to the program of courses, scientific advisers, the competitive receipt of students to the program, enrolling by a free listener to partner universities with issuing an academic reference.
Obviously, such a program is individual and more costly for the customer. For the implementation of the idea not
It is necessary to regulations of the government and the mon. In an interview with representatives of the RASH (non -state university), for example, it turned out that they have the possibility of enrolling by a free listener is already provided for by decisions of the Academic Council. This format of learning serves as the interests primarily of students, teachers and researchers of universities, academic environment, including interesting for foreign students studying in Russia.
The real discussion of this idea with the leadership of a number of leading universities (including the advanced GU-HSE) shows their cool attitude to this project. They believe that this will be an additional organizational load and is not relevant for them. At the same time, filling the master's standard, for example, with teaching subjects in English today causes difficulties for any Russian university. Regional universities, on the contrary, see in such joint programs an additional plus to their programs. Such a project would be original for foreign universities.
Somehow, in a leading university environment, a simple thought is not very cultivated that it is necessary not to compete with each other, but with leading world scientific and educational centers.
1. Mn.ru/newspaper_country/201110810/303910637.html