Sochi-2014: Road on Forbes list

48 km of the Adler-red clearing highway will be the most expensive object of the Olympics in Sochi-2014

One of the sections of the Adler -Krasnaya Polyana road

The cost of the Winter Olympiad at the Summer Resort of Sochi is already beaten by all world records - it will cost $ 50 billion. But even at this construction site, there is its leading over the price of the price. And this is not a central stadium and not a springboard with bobslane tracks. These are all mere pennies compared to 48 kilometers of the Adler -Krasnaya Polyana road.

According to the requirements of the International Olympic Committee, an understudy should have been built to Olympic objects in Krasnaya Polyana along with the current highway. The organizers of the games decided to build a combined road and railway, consisting of a four -lane road and railway line. It was decided to lay this road along the left bank of the Mountain River Mzymta. The laying of this road turned out to be an extremely difficult project. In fact, the road is a set of tunnels and bridges built along the river.

DK "Lake" –P. Mzymta

For the construction of a combined road and railway, Putin appointed the responsible Russian Railways, which is headed by his friend, by the cooperative “Lake” Vladimir Yakunin*. General contractors were the group of companies SK MOST and Transyuzhstroy UK. Incredibly, but the fact: the initial ones, as well as subsequent work on laying the track, were transferred to these companies without competitions, tenders and other “nonsense” **. At the same time, preparatory work cost the astronomical amount - $ 2 billion. The law obliging joint -stock companies with the state control package to conduct public competitions, entered into force only from January 1, 2012.

Bridge a la Rus

Until 2012, the SK Most group, created in 1991, belonged to two businessmen - Evgeny Sura (45.2 %) and Vladimir Kostylev (45.2 %). Both entrepreneurs so far occupy the modest 131st and 135th places in the Forbes list with a capital of $ 750 million each. In 2012, Putin's friend Gennady Timchenko bought 25 % of SK Most shares.

The company became known in 2008, when without any tender, which is a gross violation of Russian legislation, by decree of President Medvedev dated August 31, 2008, she received a contract for the construction of a three -kilometer bridge to the Russian A island ***. The cost of this contract was more than a billion dollars. Note that the text of the Retor was not officially published.

In the same year, the successful businessmen of Sur and Kostylev became close to Vladimir Yakunin, having bought Millennium Bank, whose board of directors included the wife of Yakunin Natalya. The acquisition allowed the SK Most to get profitable contracts from Russian Railways. Forbes analyzed tenders conducted by Russian Railways, and noticed that different units of SK Most often compete with each other. For example, in June 2011, a competition was held for the right to reconstruct the Obluchensky tunnel in the Far East. There were two applicants. The Stroy-Trest group of the SK MOST group proposed to perform work for 3.9 billion and meet at 49 months. OJSC "UKK MOST" - for 4.2 billion and 53 months. The Stroy-Trest won ****.

Participation in tenders exclusively affiliated with each other in world practice is called fraud, and when one of the parties is a state -owned company, then corruption. However, there were no investigations.

As for the second general contractor-the Criminal Code of Transyuzhstroy, it is less known about him: only that among its founders is called Oleg Tony, vice president of Russian Railways for the construction complex. Whether the head of Russian Railways Yakunin is related to this company - it has yet to be found out. So far, it is only known that Transyuzhstroy, in the framework of Yakunin’s activities to support the Russian Orthodox Church, built the Church of St. Alexander Nevsky in the city of Rotterdam.

Olympic record

The initial costs of the construction of the Adler-Krasnaya Polyana road railway track in 2006 were estimated at 91 billion rubles *****. Three years later, in 2009, already at 266.4 billion rubles ($ 9 billion 404 million in 2012 prices) ******. Growth - 2.5 times.

That is, 1 km costs almost $ 200 million. The price of one chassel meter is $ 200 thousand, and one square meter of the road - about $ 10 thousand for this money, based on the average Russian cost of housing $ 2 thousand per 1 square. m (data from Rosstat), you can build 4 million 700 thousand square meters of housing and provide housing for 235 thousand people (the norm for providing housing of one person in Russia - 20 sq. M).

The American program for the delivery of a new generation of Curiosity to Mars and the operation of the Marshod of the new generation has cost three and a half times cheaper than the cost of building the Adler -Krasnaya Polyana road.

Ahead of the planet

Let us compare the cost of the Sochi road with medium -sided prices. The length of the route is 48.2 km, including 12 tunnels and 45 bridges. All this complex project has the following structure:

- Road: 23 automobile bridges with a length of 9 km plus three car tunnels with a length of 6.9 km plus more than 35 km of a conventional road,

- Railway: 22 railway bridges with a total length of 11.4 km plus six railway tunnels with a total length of 11.1 km plus approximately 25.7 km of an ordinary section of the railway plus three new stations and the reconstruction of Sochi, Adler, and Velilay stations.

To assess the cost of a 35-kilometer section of the four-lane road, we will proceed from the average European price-$ 10 million per kilometer. Thus, the price of a road without bridges and tunnels is $ 350 million.

One kilometer of high -speed railway, according to the Middle European standards, is $ 45 million. So 25.7 km of the usual section of the railway should cost $ 1 billion 156 million.

To assess the cost of one kilometer of the tunnel, we take the average -irrigated value of $ 126.2 million per kilometer. It turns out that the cost of all tunnels is $ 2 billion 271 million.

The total price of the construction of beam bridges (exactly the same, with the exception of one, is built in Sochi) - $ 115.5 million per kilometer. Thus, bridges should cost about $ 2 billion 356 million.

Consequently, the price of the Adler-Red Polyana road, calculated on the basis of the average INSTROY indicators, should be in the region of $ 6 billion 132 million. However, we recall, declared, in 2009, the price (and so 2.5 times higher than the initial, called in 2006)-266.4 billion rubles. Or $ 9 billion 404 million. Why was it immediately listed in estimates by $ 3 billion more? Eternal permafrost was discovered in Sochi? Or is it corruption rent, as it is customary to call this in political science, the rollback in the usual language in Russia? And this is only on the construction of the road.

Costs for nature

Environmentalists have beaten the alarm for all these years. But they turned to the deaf. In November 2010, after abundant rainfall in the foothills of the Krasnaya Polyana in the Mzymta River, along which the road goes, the water level rose, which entailed the destruction of buildings at the mouth of the river, and the construction equipment washed away.

In the summer of 2011, a poisonous drill mortar fell into the river. The river, located in the National Park, was polluted for 30 km. The situation repeated on November 18, 2011. The source of pollution is the northern portal of the tunnels complex No. 3 of the Adler -Krasnaya Polyana road. Neither for the first environmental misfortune nor for the second no one was punished. True, the then head of the Ministry of Natural Resources, Yuri Trutnev, was forced to admit that Mzymte, by the way, of the largest of the rivers of the main Caucasian ridge, caused significant damage. And not only the river, but also the national park through which it flows.

But the owners of the companies that built the Adler - red clearing, the “SK Most” and the Criminal Code of Transyuzhstroy, as if their patrons in Russian Railways, can triumph: soon we will see their names in the list of Forbes dollar billionaires.

| Expenses for Olympic objects ($ billion) | Plan | Fact | | All olympiads on average | 2.02 | 4,06 | | Summer Olympiads on average | 2.71 | 5.98 | | Winter Olympiads on average | 1.43 | 2.41 | | XV winter 1988, Kalgary, Canada | 0.67 | 1.07 | | XVI Winter 1992, Aberville, France | 0.86 | 2.03 | | XXV summer 1992, Barcelona, ​​Spain | 0.69 | 2.93 | | XVII Winter 1994, Lillehammer, Norway | 0.54 | 2.03 | | XXVI summer 1996, Atlanta, USA | 1.64 | 4,05 | | XVIII Winter 1998, Nagano, Japan | 1.57 | 2.45 | | XXVII summer 2000, Sydney, Australia | 2.36 | 4,48 | | XIX winter 2002, Salt Lake City, USA | 1.9 | 2.45 | | XXVIII summer 2004, Athens, Greece | 2 | 3.2 | | XX winter 2006, Turin, Italy | 2.4 | 4,37 | | XXIX summer 2008, Beijing, China | 5.64 | 5.86 | | XXI Winter 2010, Vancouver, Canada | 2.1 | 2.45 | | XXX Summer 2012, London, Great Britain | 6.5 | 15.39 |

 <figure> <img SRC = "https://archivarius-public.s3.us-west-2.amazonaws.com/rima/web/Media/img/655d91cb70542A568F4830A5E331E.JPG"/> </figure>

Click to increase the picture

Text: Boris Nemtsov, deputy chairman of the Government of the Russian Federation in 1997-1998.

*The article uses the research data of A. Sokolov “The costs of the Olympics in Sochi - the record in the history of the Olympic Games”

Photos: AP Photo, Reuters, Alexander Miridonov/Kommersant

Photo: ITAR-TASS