What's going on ... in kindergarten

At the end of 2012, the Government of the Russian Federation approved the plan "changes in the industries of the social sphere aimed at improving the effectiveness of education." PublicPost invited the teacher from the kindergarten, the school teacher and university teacher to tell about the changes that have already affected them personally, and those they are only waiting. Today we publish a monologue of Catherine-a speech therapist-defectologist of one of the Moscow kindergartens.

About the profession

I work in the kindergarten of a compensating type for children with a delay in psycho-speech development. There is such a speech therapy diagnosis - Alalia, when there is no speech at all for one reason or another. Such children without specialized assistance will simply, as they used to say, are dumb. Or they will talk so that no one will understand them. Called speech without special events does not develop in such people. We have many such children in the garden.

Dysarthria is also a difficult diagnosis, there are a lot of such children now. You know, they say: "Porridge in the mouth scored"? Here we need a huge complex - from massage to speech development. Plus, it is imperative to develop fine motor skills. You can’t do without a speech therapist and a defectologist.

95-96% of children after our garden go to study at a regular school. If this is not organic lesions of the central nervous system where nothing can already be done, then these children are quite successful.

About the garden

In our garden there are 12 groups, each in each-16-17 people. In such groups per day, it is really possible to take 5-6 people. Individual lesson, depending on the complexity of the defect - from 15 to 20 minutes. It is clear that children are not robots: while you find an approach, while you achieve what you want while you are still fixed in some way ... Now 8 specialists are working in our garden, all at 2 rates-a speech therapist and a defectologist.

The children are different. Basically, the younger group, starting from 3-4 years old, but there are those who come both at 5 and 6 years old, in fact, a year before school. Children come heavy. It is not very clear why their parents kept at home, but there are also such.

Every morning at 9 o’clock after breakfast, a correctional lesson begins. The development of coherent speech is very important for such children. They experience great difficulties with the expression of their thoughts-the child wants to say something, but cannot choose a word. After my lesson, those that the educators lead - modeling, application, drawing, music, physical education, pool begin. Be sure to walk. Classes with a regular psychologist. Lunch, sleep. And in the intervals between classes, individual correctional work is carried out. You take each child, and already specifically engage in his problem.

The child is busy all day, the load is quite serious, and there are many of them. Plus, we talk with parents-in a good way, correctional work should also be fixed at home.

I believe that gardens like ours must be preserved.

About mergers

It is assumed that from the next school year, our garden should unite with the school and another kindergarten. The school is not corrective, although we have many children who apply for training in correction classes, including children with severe speech pathology.

The administration strives to ensure that the garden becomes massive. We are not voiced, how all this will be, they say only: "We ourselves do not know." Allegedly, when a merger occurs, the budget increases, and from this everyone benefits. But it is obvious so far only that there will be more children in groups, and we already visit us twice as many children than it should be according to all the norms of SanPin (sanitary rules and norms - approx. Ed.). With the same number of personnel, the quality of education, of course, will be reduced. In addition, if the garden becomes massive, then the need for specialists-speech therapists-defectologists-disappears. We doubt very much that from the beginning of the school year, when the reorganization will occur, we will remain at our workplaces.

Now in mass gardens everything looks like this: there is, for example, a first -aid post. Well, on average 300-400 people in the garden. In the first -aid post, one speech therapist sits and is engaged in those children who need it. Basically, with those who do not pronounce some individual sounds. But to teach to speak a child who has come at 4 years old and can only mumble is a completely different story. Therefore, the work of a speech therapist in the mass garden and in the correctional is heaven and earth.

About SanPin

According to the norms of Sanpin, we have 8-10 children in the group. Already in the year before they were 14, and in the past-16-17 people in the group. There were always many such children, but the trend is such that every year there are more and more. And the gardens are becoming less and less, and it is already similar to the survival marathon. What will we say to parents? Previously, the parent came - attached the child and could be sure that they would prepare for the school. This will not happen anymore. How to explain to a person that you are alone, and you already have children three times more than it should be?

The norms even concern the arrangement of beds. There can not be 25 beds where there should be 15 of them. And they all tell us: "We increase, increase." According to these standards, a certain area is provided for each child, for each specialist - the number of children with whom he should deal with the results to be positive. Now all these concepts are pushed according to SanPin, they don’t remember about them anywhere, although no one has officially canceled SanPin. This is more and more than sad. But they don’t hear us.

About parents

Once I had a girl in a group, 4 years old. Mom brought her to the garden. The girl was very aggressive: biting, pinching, fought. We could not understand for several days what was happening. I take her to my examination, start talking to her from her back and suddenly I understand that she simply does not hear me. It turned out that mother under 4 years old did not know that her girl was almost deaf. I say to this mother: "How did you communicate with the child?" And she to me: “I thought she was so stubborn, she doesn’t want to yell with me. But when I was already starting to yell ...” In the end, we asked them to transfer to a specialized garden for such children, because there is a completely different training program.

Almost every second child has certain problems, and parents think that it itself will resolve to school if this is not a severe pathology, which is immediately striking everyone. They think that their child is “just small”, “just dabbles”, “just harmful” and so on. If a child comes to kindergarten without a diagnosis, this does not mean that he comes without problems. He can simply be unlucky, undiagnosed. Then the child is growing up, parents compare it with others and understand that something is wrong. And time is leaving.

About financing

It used to be like this: the main salary and various allowances. Due to these allowances - interest for extra children, for correction - a decent salary was obtained. And now all this has been removed from us. There is a basic rate, and it applies at all to all specialists-not only speech therapists, but also to nannies. And stimulating payments, and this is generally a very slippery question - as I understand it, in different institutions these are different amounts. There are more children, the load increased, and the salary decreased.

Initially (before the transition to per capita financing - approx. Ed.), Funds were allocated to the correctional garden. As we are voiced now, now nothing is distinguished for correction, the only thing that children are financed by the state, if I am not mistaken, in a triple size. That is, for each child, the state annually allocates something around 200 thousand, and for a disabled child-in a triple size. This money is received by the organization that such a child attends. But since thank God, not all the children are like that, our administration says that it is more profitable to create a mass garden, there will be payment on the heads, and employees will benefit from this. As I understand it, these are educators and nannies - in the mass garden there are no bets of speech therapists or defectologists.

About correctional schools

My friend works at a school for deaf children. There is also a merger, and the children who are now attending school will be scattered in different institutions. They have a boarding school of a five-day stay, parents from different areas are taken there. And if this happens, children will study at schools at the place of residence. But I do not really imagine how it can be. How can a child with such a pathology attend a regular mass school?

In our country, defectology developed successfully, and not for nothing we have 8 separate types of schools for each pathology. The children are visually impaired, the children are blind, hard of hearing, deaf - all this was done not in vain. People who graduate from these schools successfully adapt. But how it will be in mass schools and what the teacher will do when he has 25-30 people in the class, and one of them with severe pathology is not very clear.

Anyone who came up with all this may not give a report that there are different children. After all, not all people in their lives meet heavy disabled people. Maybe they have no idea what they are - from appearance to the fact that a person has in his head? Take the same cerebral palsy. It happens that fate mocked a man, he was twisted, and his head was bright. A lot of children with intelligent intelligence. But they will not be able to study at a mass school. Starting with the fact that they will not be able to move around this school. The ramps made, reported, great. And then what will this child do? Who will wear it on the handles from the first floor to the third? For some reason, no one thought about this.

About what will happen next

We discussed with colleagues what to do next, where to complain, where to write. Everyone says “yes”, but at the same time everyone is sitting and waiting for what will happen in September - no one wants to be the first. Apparently, this will be me. The scale is not yet clear whether it is a storm in a glass of water. Well, they will change the signs. The question is - what will follow. If this leads to the destruction of correctional institutions, then this is simply terrible. If destructive actions are not following this, then this is nothing - just another restructuring in the country.

About future defectologists

I heard that people who are now studying at defectology faculties notified: they will teach them how to finish them, but where they will go further with these diplomas is not clear. Teachers talked about this to students. Until this year, graduates always found work if desired, because there were enough correctional institutions so far.