Russia-Machech

Once on the sidelines of the Great Social Society, Anna Karenina was carried away by upbringing-she took a girl into the house, the daughter of a horsepower-English coach. Some Vorkuev persuades her to put "one hundredth of at least that energy on the common cause of raising Russian children, which she puts on this English woman." Anna Arkadyevna answers with murderous frankness:

- Je N'ai Pas le Coeur Assez Large (I don't have such a big heart) to love a whole shelter with vague girls.

Leo Tolstoy did not know how to lie for the sake of public opinion. One can imagine how he would appreciate the current surge of hypocritical state care for orphans.

“I am an orphanage,” the Hero of Soviet Cinema says gloomily, but not without pride. The statement assumes that a person has passed hardening, knows his life and you can’t take his bare hands: the former orphanage is now a general or a responsible party worker, he was not brought up by his mother, but by his motherland, he despises bourgeois values ​​and instructs the true path of various pampered Mamenkins.

The Soviet greyhounds tirelessly composed pile opuses about how the Soviet government shared the last piece with the children, how Lenin sent his rations to the orphanage, and he himself fell into a hungry fainting, how he headed the struggle with homelessness and defeated its chief Chekist of the Dzerzhinsky country. “Children are flowers of life”, “all the best - children”, “children are the only privileged class” ... This day the Internet is filled with this rubbish. They began to write about how it really was.

“These are orphans,” says the shy thieves of Alhen, nodding at the glutton -nephew. "The heavy legacy of the royal regime?" - clarifies Ostap Bender (the action takes place in 1927).

The great combinator repeats the stamp of Soviet propaganda. Where else to come from street children and orphans in Soviet Russia? After all, the main cause of orphanhood is the reduction in the number of adults. But the tsarist regime is guilty only in the losses of the First World War. It was much more significant in the population of the population due to the revolution, the civil war and the followed economic devastation. Here are statistics. In the First World War, 1.3 million subjects of the empire died, in maximum estimate . And since the fall of 1917, the population of Russia decreased by 1920 by 7.1 million people, by 1921 - by 10.9 million, by 1922 - by 12.7 million.

To this it is necessary to add the decay of the family, impoverishment, the general decline of morals. The number of orphanages and street children grew rapidly, and their position was aggravated by the liquidation of the system of charitable institutions. Charity was declared a product of the bourgeois "abstract humanism." The property classes capable of sacrificing to orphans, either left Russia, or lost their property. Charitable foundations were nationalized, children's shelters, most of which were under the auspices of the Dowager Empress Maria Fedorovna and was ruled by her department, were transferred to the drug addict of public charity. The adoption from 1918 to 1926 was prohibited - all orphans were declared "children of the Republic of Soviets."

The first people's commissar of public charity, the passionate preacher of free love of Alexander Kollontai in the field of concern for orphans was no distinguished. In January 1921, the Children's Commission, a commission to improve the life of children, headed by the chairman of the Cheka Dzerzhinsky, was established. His achievements in this field are sung in countless agitates like this :

Protect ... protect ... Dzerzhinsky’s heart belonged entirely to children. His love for them was absolute, and a manly responsible. Never in his life, Dzerzhinsky did not pass by a child who, in his opinion, needed help.

In fact, his stormy activity did not solve the problem at all. They simply stopped talking about her publicly, because the situation was too terrible and insoluble. The Soviet government took responsibility for the children, declared their well -being with its priority, but even just feeding the orphanages was unable. “Children are conducting half -starved,” the Children's Commission reported to the Presidium of the All -Russian Central Executive Committee in April 1921. The historian Tatyana Smirnova, who studied the archive of the commission, established that the daily rations were observed only in some exemplary institutions for children of the party-prophetor and figures of the Comintern.

The reason was not only in a shortage of food, but also in the “thefts that flourished at all levels” despite the apparatus of the formidable Felix. As one of the reports of the child committee says, "there were cases where the service personnel lived only at the expense of children, and not only themselves, but also relatives." (And again, how can one not recall the nephews of the thief manager from the “twelve chairs” living in a godly institution on old woman's rights.) Another document says that the expectation of lunch and dinner “constituted the main content of the life of children” in orphanages.

However, this was only the beginning. In 1921/22, a monstrous hunger suffered Russia. He were the first and most defenseless victims. They switched to pasture, ate cats, dogs and rodents, tried to eat completely inedible rubbish. “It is better to take children out of the city out of the city and shoot them there than to torment them like that,” the employees of children's institutions of the Saratov region wrote to the children's office. “The mortality rate of the children's population has reached terrifying sizes,” said in another state -owned paper dated in the spring of 1922. - the children's population up to 3 years old died out almost everything. ”

International charitable organizations rushed to the aid of Soviet children. Only the American Help Administration (Ara), led by Herbert Hoover, fed 900 thousand children of a starving Volga region daily. But the Chekists, led by Felix, looked at foreign philanthropists askance, did not believe in their disinterestedness, they seemed to be an ideological sabotage and counter -revolution. Citizens warned that the world bourgeoisie was doing nothing for nothing, that in fact the assistance campaign lies the insidious plan, that she, the bourgeoisie, “mobilized all its lackeys and servants (socialists-revolutionaries, Mensheviks and other lyso-bombers from their well-fed dining room) and sent them under one or another sauce to us to perform this oppressive task.”

This manic suspicion, which was primarily suffering from Dzerzhinsky himself, turned out to be the main obstacle to the evacuation of starving children abroad. The Lenin government invariably rejected such proposals and offered foreign philanthropists to transfer to him, the government, funds intended to save Soviet children. One of the few exceptions was Czechoslovakia thanks to the personal efforts of President Tomash Masarik, who made a “ Russian action ” by a national priority.

Children for these trips were carefully selected on the basis of reliability. A prerequisite was the inclusion in the group of accompanying people for political control. So that the children do not have time to get used to it, the terms of their stay abroad were arbitrarily reduced by the Soviet side against the coordinated. The adoption of children by foreigners was strictly prohibited .

Instead of evacuation abroad, the export of children from starving provinces began to relatively prosperous, which turned out for young sufferers with new torment. Their misfortunes are described in the article by Tatyana Smirnova, to which I already referred. The “prosperous” provinces refused to accept the evacuated (there was nowhere to put their orphans), half -naked hungry children were transported to wagons from city to city, placed on a temporary overnight in unheated premises and prisons ... It was hell, which many could not stand and died on the road. Finally, valiant fighters for childhood happiness came up with an unprecedented way out in the history of mankind - a forced patronage. The orphans were ordered in the order of the poor peasant families, after which the state forgot about them forever.

A terrible misfortune for children and a new cause of orphanage was dispossession .

And then he struck the hour of great terror and was born, in addition to many other regulatory documents, the operational order of the People's Commissar of Internal Affairs Yezhov about what to do with children when the wives of the wives of the traitors of the Motherland:

... for each socially dangerous child over 15 years of age, an investigation is started ... socially dangerous children of convicts, depending on their age, the degree of danger and capabilities of correction, are subject to imprisonment or forced labor colonies of the NKVD, or vodvision to orphanages of special regime ... Masty children are sent together with their convicted mothers in the camps, from where after the age of 1-1-1-1-1-1-1-1-1-1-1-1-1-1-1-1-1-1-1-1-1-1-1-1-1-1-1-1-1-1-1-1-1-1-1-1-1-1-1-1-1-1-1-1-1-1-1 1/2 years are transferred to orphanages and nurseries ...

And this homeland requires us love and selfless ministry? Did she confuse anything? Russia is a nation of orphanages. Today, another glamorous Chekist takes care of orphans. The story was bogged down in Russia, as in a swamp.