Translated material
After smoke
What is waiting for the new dad
On March 19, Pope Francis will officially ascend to the holy throne: he will put on a fisherman ring, which, according to legend, belonged to the apostle Peter, the founder of the Roman Catholic Church. The new archbishop of Rome will hold his first official mass, to which celebrities from all over the world will come. Well, then everyday life will begin: Pope Francis-the 76-year-old former archbishop Buenos Aires, Horghe Mario Bergolo, will have a duel with one of the most closed and impregnable state corporations in the world-a Roman chicken. Simply put - an omnipotent Vatican bureaucracy, which has been shaking financial and sexual scandals that have been shaking all the last time, inexorably undermining the authority of the Holy Thron. The chances of dad against officials were dismantled by The New Times
March 15: In the morning, all Roman newspapers came out with a portrait of Pope Francis in the first lanes
Jorge Mario Bergolo gets up at 4.30 in the morning. For a month, he reads 10-12 books, in general he could often be found in Buenos Aires metro with a book in his hand. He lives with one lung, part of the second was amputated in his youth after pneumonia. He does not have real estate, car and savings. If he comes to some kind of public meeting, modestly sits in the last row. He has a conflict with Argentina President Christina Kirschner - she does not share his too conservative views on abortion and same -sex marriages. In general, not everything in it is clear and not everything is solved. They say that during the years of military dictatorship (1976–1983), he not only did not raise his voice against repression, but even brought the security for two dissident priests-about this, in particular, was written in the book “Island of Silence” by the Argentine journalist Khorasio Verbitsky. However, Archbishop Bergolo himself resolutely denied this, and those who believe him more. In 2001, he washed and kissed his legs twelve children with AIDS. In the same year, he convinced dozens of Argentine believers not to spend money on the ceremony of his ordination in the cardinals, but to give them to charity.
And one more detail: in the Epistle of Urbi et Orbi, uttered immediately after the election, Bergolo called himself the “bishop of Rome” - the word “dad” never sounded. “This is a sign that he sees the role of Pontiff as Primus Inter Pares (“ First among equals ”, and not as an absolute monarch,” explains Theology of the theology of the University of Padua Vito Mankuso.
Many saw: before March 13, white smoke fell from the pipe over the Sistine Chapel as a sign of the election of a new dad, to the pipe of the village of Chaika. Then another ... Most likely, Bergolo saw these birds - after he finished the prayer in the crying room and prepared to go to the balcony of the Apostolic Palace for believers. I saw - and therefore chose the name Francis. In addition to Francis, Xavlia (1506–1552), which, together with Ignatius Loyola founded in 1534 the Jesus Society (the Order of the Jesuits), the second idol of Bergolo - St. Francis of Assisian (1182–1226), “poor Assisi”, loved to talk with birds. But - with simple, real. Bergolo will be more complicated. He has to talk to the birds. And not only about God.
Voles
| *The New Times wrote about scandals around the Vatican bank in No. 7 of February 27, 2012 |
So in the Vatican, more than 20 people are now called (among them there are women) who since 2006 began to collect compromising materials in the Vatican chancellers on the influential people of Kuria. Documents about the most egregious cases of financial and other abuse lay on the table with Pope Ratzinger - on the eve of the March Conclave, one of the “Republika” was in an interview with the newspaper Voronov. He also made it clear that they foresaw the departure of Ratzinger, they say, they simply could not be: Ratzinger more than once hinted that he would leave to give a new dad to clean the Vatican bureaucracy, which he himself was not able to influence. Now a new hearing has gone through the Vatican and Italy: Ratzinger almost burned out of shame when he learned about the decision of the Italian Bank to ban non -cash payments and payment by bank cards in the Vatican museums - it was a gesture for the refusal of Kuria to join international efforts to combat money laundering*.
They also say that the “vorals” were distributed among the cardinals that came to the meetings of the congregation in front of the conclave, excerpts from the so -called “Vatileaks dossier” with the list of abuses of the Secondary Security of Vatican Tarchizio Berton. Completely with the content of the weighty report of the Investigative Commission, consisting of three cardinals, led by Spaniard Hulian Errans Casado, only Ratzinger was signed - he read the report two months before his renunciation of the throne of St. Peter.
 |
| As an archbishop of Buenos Aires, Bergolo used the metro |
Some participants in the conclave, including the archbishop of Vienna, Christoph Schoonborn, as well as American cardinals, expressed a persistent desire to find out the whole truth about the results of the investigation in Vatileaks. But they stumbled upon the resistance of Berton and his environment.
Giovanni Maria Vian, editor -in -chief of the official newspaper of the Vatican “L'Osservator Romano”, who is in direct subordination of the State Secretariat, in a telephone conversation with The New Times, to comment on issues regarding the Kuria and Bank of the Vatican, refused. Meanwhile, numerous statements were made on this score on this score. So, the Brazilian Cardinal Zhuan Brace Di Avis was not afraid to enter the open polemic with Tarchizio Berton - he directly accused Kuriy of “deceiving the pope”, excessive attention to financial issues, protecting “purely Italian interests” and concealing important information regarding the life of the whole church. Avis called for "decisively changing" the structure of Kuria: "Let's give a chance to the new dad." Some other cardinals recalled: everything that Ratzinger succeeded after joining the throne in 2005 was to change several high-ranking officials of the Vatican bank. Despite the fact that there were plans to go much further. But they did not give. Who?
New dad - new vacancies
The Roman curia in its current form dates back to 1585, to the Papacy of Sikst V. But it is emphasized a vertical structure with nine main departments, the upper state secretariat, it acquired under Pope Paul VI (60–70s of the XX century). Although the problem is rather not in the department itself, but in who leads it.
Today's Secretary of State Burton appointed Benedict XVI in 2006 for this post. By that time, the Italian cardinal was connected with Ratzinger for many years of joint work in the Congregation of the Doctrine of Vera. Dad entrusted Berton's solution to all political issues, and he gradually concentrated in his hands all the key levers of power in the Vatican. Its people were put at the head of the main economic departments: APSA, the structures responsible for real estate of the Vatican, Ior (the Bank of the Holy See, aka Vatican Bank), governorship and prefecture on economic issues. As a result, a paradoxical, and for someone an unbearable situation was created, in which the Secretary of State did not act as an intermediary in a relationship with a dad, but as an obstacle through which everyone tried to cross, but not always successfully. By the way, Bergolo is known that his subordinates could always call him home, and he himself took off the phone.
 |
| The Vatican's corruption scandals will fall on the shoulders of Pope Francis |
Despite everything, Benedict XVI could not part with his favorite Berton. However, with the change in the pontiff, the position of Secretary of State, like all other posts in the Vatican, automatically becomes vacant. “This is an old norm protecting the pope,” the historian Alberto Melloni, a member of the International Academy of Religious Sciences, explained to The New Times. “If the chosen dad is an adversary of Curia in his soul, he has the opportunity to replace it.”
However, Berton should soon be 80 years old, and according to the norms of canon law, the cardinals at this age automatically lose their powers.
“Practice is such that the new dad makes minimal permutations in the bureaucratic apparatus of Curia,” Melloni explained The New Times. - Previously, it was customary to replace the Secretary of State and the prefect of the Congregation on the doctrine of Vera, but recently this tradition has come to naught. So, neither John Paul II nor Benedict XVI replaced the inherited from the previous dad of the Secretary of State. Its mandate was canceled by itself because of the limiting age (as it was in the case of Berton’s predecessor-Angelo Sodano) or in connection with the death (as, for example, in 1979 with the Secretary of State Pope by French Cardinal Jean-Marie Viy).
Who will replace the 78-year-old Berton as Secretary of State? The question is not simple. Antonio d'anna's vaticanist Affariitaliani.it Antonio d'anna indicated The New Times to the “unwritten rule”: under the Dadman, the secretary of the Holy See must be a Italian. If this ancient tradition is also confirmed to the Papacy of Francis, the Apostolic Nuni-Italians, pushed into the backyard in Berton, can again reach the stage. The Italian press has already been sounded by the name of Luigi Ventura, the Apostolic Nuncy in Paris. The historian Alberto Melloni is also inclined to this version: “I think that it can be a candidate belonging to the glorious diplomatic tradition of the Vatican.”
Melloni considers a worthy contender for the post of Secretary of State Montauli Antonio Mennini, Nuncy in the UK. By the way, from 2002 to 2010, Mennini represented the interests of the throne of St. Peter in Russia. It was his efforts that organized the meeting of Vladimir Putin with Joseph Ratzinger, held in 2007 during the visit of the President of Russia to Italy.
*Before his departure, Benedict XVI updated the composition of the Cardinal Supervisory Commission, removing from there Cardinal Attilio Nicora, the chairman of the AIF - the financial information department responsible for the fight against money laundering. AIF was created in 2010, after the prosecutor's office of Rome opened an investigation on suspicion of laundering money through the Ior. Cardinal Domenico Kalkano was appointed to Nikora's place of Nikora. Click to increase the picture
Crisis of collegiality
Will Pope Francis cope with the reform of Kuria? Antonio Melloni believes that there is nothing complicated here. "Everyone knows the names of the careerists who have no place in Kuria." Recently, Melloni considers the Vatican, the lack of collegiality has been harmful, so it is necessary to create a structure parallel to Curia-the so-called Senate of involvement, a collegial organ that can rethink the monarchical model of the Roman Catholic Church, which has lost its relevance in the modern world.
However, not everyone is ready to agree with the revision of the centralized power of the Pope. So, one bishop shared with The New Times with his considerations: “One thing is one thing - subordinate dads, which he himself chooses, and completely different - the body that controls it. The pontiff should remain an absolute monarch. ”
At the same time, the theologian Dzhannino Piana appeals in a conversation with The New Times to the spirit of the Second Vatican Council (1962–65), the meaning of which is a dialogue with the modern world: “This spirit was lost, the Church has focused on itself, entering into conflict with modernity,” the theologian believes.
Careerism is the main problem of Curia, the bishop who spoke with The New Times on the terms of anonymity is sure. The heads of the Vatican departments should not automatically enter the collegium of the cardinals, this principle needs to be canceled, he believes: “It is necessary to curb the career ambitions of clergymen who should see their mission in Kuria, and not the springboard to increase.” The Kuriye departments “do not talk to each other,” the German cardinal Walter Kasper told the newspaper of Republika. According to him, the structure of the Vatican bureaucracy is too bulky, the functions of a number of departments are openly intersect.
And without a bank - better
But the most delicate question is the activity of the Ior, or the Vatican Bank, which has been in the center of loud scandals for decades. Today, in the case of money laundering, the director of the IOR Paolo Chipriani and the former chairman of the bank Ettore Gottie Tedeski are held as suspects. The last report of Moneyval, the body of the Council of Europe on the assessment of financial transparency, noted positive shifts in the Bank of the Vatican. But some of the foreign cardinals still advocate to close the bank, and with it thousands of impermeable accounts. No one can guarantee that in the “Dad Bank” there are “dirty” money of Italian mafia bosses or al-Qaeda. In the case of the dissolution of the ior, a group of cardinals, led by Archbishop of Vienna Sheonborn, does not exclude agreements with some foreign bank to ensure the financial transactions of the Vatican. “For a long time, the Roman Catholic Church believed that dad needs secular power, and only when it lost it (in 1870 after the papal region in Italy.-The New Times), the church realized that it was better without this power. I think that the same thing will be with the bank, ”the historian Alberto Melloni shares with The New Times.
One way or another, after Ratzinger left the Vatican, a unique chance of reform had a unique chance, many vaticanists say. If Kuria will resist her in every possible way and does not respond to calls for transparency and openness, then the “worships” will probably make a new portion of incriminating evidence. On March 23, the film “Choice of the Pope” should be shown on the LA7 channel - about Benedict XVI still secret documents. The author is a journalist Dzhanluji Nuzzi, the same one, because of whose book “Your Holiness” the Vatileaks scandal erupted. By the way, the journalist was denied accreditation to cover the conclave. Curia does not give up its positions so simply.
Photos: ITAR-TASS, Reuters, Ap Photo