Man in Orange

How metropolitan officials profit from migrants

The election campaign of Sergei Sobyanin started with the search for enemies - migrants were guilty of city problems. The recipe for the “main candidate” in the capital's mayors is tangled in the slogan of the notorious movement against illegal immigration (DPNI): they say, let them work and leave. However, he clearly forgot to ask for advice from his deputy Peter Biryukov* - he would tell him why visitors are now inseparable from Moscow

Migrants firmly built into the infrastructure of the capital

Late evening, Tishinskaya Square, flashlight weakly illuminated by the Zurab Cereteli monument “Friendship forever”, near which five dozen guys led by a thin leader, plus the crew of the Swedish TV with a translator and a couple of Russian journalists. The Movement "Holy Rus'" came on the next raid against illegal migrants, setting the basements of the houses of Krasnaya Presnya.

Hunting for a person

At first, all this looks like a game of war: the leader of the movement Igor Mangushev goes “on intelligence”, the guys smoke, let go of rude soldier's jokes, whorcreech, as before an attack, which can be the last, although they cannot but understand: strength today is on their side. Here one of them calls the phone. “So, we break into pairs, go towards Georgian, we are not approaching each other, but we are not lost. It is necessary to go into the courtyard without a pale, ”he orders.

We still go into the courtyard with a gouns, and immediately the ruts begin: "Come on, come on, do not miss him." The prey-to death frightened by Ali, dressed in an orange special forces with the inscription “Maxim-groups”, and his brisk wife, who, without closing his mouth, tries to recapture her husband. And again, it seems to be some kind of toy, as if a detachment of first-graders caught a “spy” from a neighboring school and is trying to push out a terrible secret from him. “So, where do you live? Answer come on until it got worse. Do you live in the basement? Where are the keys to him? " The wife is responsible for Ali, says that they live on Leninsky Prospekt, but they only work here. They don’t believe her, they find the basement, go down there, but it doesn’t smell like life here: a cardboard box replaces the table, on it - the remains of an evening meal, but neither mattresses, nor personal things.

The angle for two in the basement for many visitors is a luxury

Everyone rises upstairs again, go somewhere, Ali tells in very bad Russian that he came from the Osh district of Kyrgyzstan, is afraid that he lives on Leninsky, and in the basement only “makes relations” with his wife, because in their one-room apartment there are three families. “Let me go, please,” he suddenly asks tearfully, turning to the translator of the Swedish journalists. He looks in the standing nearby broad -shouldered Svyatorus and guiltyly replies that he cannot do anything.

Finally, there is another basement in which someone lives. Nothing that does not lock the barn lock on the door, and the door itself is screwed from the inside with a wire - it was as if the mice laid the mink with a pile of cotton wool, fleeing from the cat. The door resists for a long time with a roar until the wire is succumbing - and now the whole company goes down. Three Kyrgyz couples are located here, dividing the narrow basement with a total area of ​​15 meters into three closets. A stolen raw air hit the nose, it is dark in the basement, despite the fact that a naked bulb dangles on the ceiling in each room. In the bathroom, water was removed from the pipe of the house, at the entrance on the table there are an open gift edition of the “War and Peace” of the 70s: “Everyone is dragging like forty,” says one of the guys. - Hey, hey where did you go? -the girl-marshmallow asks immediately. - To the toilet? Well, come on, just faster, otherwise run after you throughout the area. ”

The simple belongings of the basement residents consists of brought from Kyrgyzstan and collected on nearby landfills

Further events develop according to the standard scheme. Svyatoruses call the police, go to the station, write a statement, but they are most often released by migrants, having removed fingerprints, and in response to the statement they usually report: "A check was carried out, persons who reside illegally were detected." “They only deport about ten percent,” says Igor Mankushev, “but after several such raids they themselves are looking for another housing.”

Migrants under the judge

According to the most modest estimates, up to 100 thousand wipers and specialists of various professions - carpenters, electricians, and locksmiths are employed in Moscow infrastructure. More than 90% of them are visitors from Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, and, as the New Times explained, Andrei Egorov, actively involved in the problems of housing and communal services, assistant to the municipal deputy of Izmailovo Lyudmila Bogacheva, about 60% live and work in Moscow illegally.

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Aziz’s salary is ordinary for the metropolitan janitor - about 24 thousand. But he gets only 11 in his hands, the rest remains in the pocket of the "owner" - local REU

“So, the Aziz janitor, with whom the New Times met in the north of Moscow, has come from Bukhara for a year now, but has not issued any documents. To the question of what to do with the police, he has been dismissed:“ The owner has been doing everything. ”Aziz has only once left his area - to the city center for May 9, a salute can see any trip to a policeman with a bribe, and 1 thousand. The lack of registration is considerable for Aziza, the salary is usual for the metropolitan janitor - about 24 thousand, he only gets in hand, the rest remains in the pocket of the same “master” - “on the documents,” says Andrei Egorov, “even if the migrant is formalized by a white salary. The salary is removed the full amount, and only part is given to the hands. ” And the statements are actually different, one salary is issued to the employee, for the other, the directorate remains.

In Russian, Aziz speaks poorly, but the word "part-time" knows well: someone needs to put tiles, to take out the garbage to someone-there are another thousand of 11–12 thousands, which he sends to the family to Bukhara. The remaining money is enough for food and a monthly woman - local "Moscow" Uzbeks offer themselves for 1,500 rubles. Fortunately, you don’t have to pay for housing: Aziz itself and six of its countrymen settled in a shield of a nine -story panel house - this “shelter” was provided by the same “owner”. But Aziz is satisfied, because the other Uzbeks in the area were less fortunate: literally around the corner, in the basement of the next nine -story buildings, about 90 people live, most of them pay for the opportunity to sleep in the room of 8 thousand rubles a month, plus two thousand - to the district police officer, so as not to pick up the documents. On the ground floor of this house, by the way, there is a reception of a justice of the peace and a district security center, on the contrary, a district court.

The working day of Aziz begins at 6 in the morning: up to 8, you need to get sidewalks in the entire site. In 9 - the collection of the boss, who gives the instructions: there it is necessary to plant the lawn there, there is a fence there ... From 12 to 14 - lunch, then the second cleaning, and 17 wipers are released to do the very part -time jobs. However, this is also as it goes: in winter, sometimes you have to clean the snow until two in the morning, so that at 6 in the morning to replace again.

Ali is afraid that he lives in an apartment on Leninsky Prospekt, and in the basement on Presna only “makes a relationship” with his wife

“Without migrants, Moscow will drown,” said Abu Shikhaliev, the head of the plot No. 6 of the Presnensky district, served by the same “maxim-groups”, whose specialty was at Ali's sanctuary, in an interview with The New Times. -Of course, it would be more convenient for me to work with people who speak Russian at least in Russian. But what Russian will go to work for such a salary and with such a schedule? In addition, with Uzbek, I can stand over my soul so that it works well, and the Russian will send me away. ”

According to Abu Shikhaliev, his site was “lucky”: 20% of his employees are old frames. They, in general, are also migrants, but came from the Soviet outback back in the 80s. The rest are foreigners, and 20% of them work on a “test term” - without work permits. “Well, how? - Asks the question of Abu. “We will make them documents, and then they will run away from us to the construction site?” They themselves must do this, they say that 17 thousand is worth it. ”

However, according to Andrei Egorov, the practice of test terms, although it is really widespread in Moscow, is absolutely illegal: “For a foreigner there can be no trial period, he must enter the country, knowing in advance where he will work, a quota must be allocated for him and a work permit was issued.”

Cleaning-one-day

Click to increase the picture

The Moscow City Duma deputy, the head of the Communist Party of the Russian Federation Andrei Klychkov, told The New Times that about 11 billion rubles were allocated from the city budget to clean the local territories and work on the maintenance of residential buildings in 2012. Most of this money is sent through the department of housing and communal services and improvement of the city in the prefecture, which distribute it (state institutions) of the IP (engineering services) of the districts, and those, in turn, to the GU IP, are sent to Peter Biryukov. Moreover, if the management companies for the care of the residential fund, residents of de jure choose themselves, then annual electronic auctions are carried out for cleaning the territory of the State University of ID. Contractors participating in competitions should not only offer the smallest value of the contract, but also report for the work done.

In fact,, as Andrei Egorov explained to the magazine, there are two main schemes for which auctions are won: either several companies belong through dummies of the same people take part in them - then the competition is won with a minimal decrease. Or a certain one-day company offers a dumping price, and after signing the state contract, it transfers all work to the subcontractors. “For example, there is a lot to clean the territory for 50 million rubles. It is won by a one-day company that offered to take up the order for 35 million. And the company that will really do this work will receive God 10, and even then most often in cash, so there is no control over this money, ”explains Andrei Egorov. In this case, subcontractors are often the local REUs chosen by residents to serve houses.

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 *The leadership of the Technology LLC, which won the lion's share of auctions in the Izmailovo area, has repeatedly stated in private conversations that it “worked directly with Biryukov”*

”However, in the state of REU there are often no janitors-these structures should not be cleaned with cleaning the territory. So you have to get the staff at the expense of the same migrants.“ It happens that REU refuses to work on the proposed conditions, then the one-day company itself sends the bus to the Kursk station, brings several dozen migrants from there, sets them in the basement and seems to begin to conduct some kind of activity,---it also begins to conduct some kind of activity. Andrei Yegorov explains the role of one-day companies, as it may seem, can also be performed by the state of the State Unitary Enterprise (the Directorate of the Unified Customer), who are not right to keep the janitors and locksmiths in the staff and therefore forced to find the contractors: the same migrants, mostly illegal ones.

Despite the fact that the fine for the use of the labor of unformed foreigners can reach up to 800 thousand rubles, only a few management companies receive quotas for foreign labor. In any case, in the absence of a quota, you can always solve the issue with the FMS: the cost of one work permit is 20 thousand rubles. “It rarely comes to fines at all,” Elena Tkach, Elena Tkach, explained The New Times, “the leadership of the companies solves the issue directly with the FMS and the police who simply warn them about checks if there is already the need to conduct them. They have almost all the supervisors of the salaries. ”

Visitors from the Jalalabad district of Kyrgyzstan at the work on laying asphalt

 Fighting violations in this area is difficult, if not useless. Thus, the representative of one of the management companies of the Izmailovo district, who wished to remain unnamed, told The New Times: the leadership of Technology LLC, who won the lion's share of auctions in the area, more than once in private conversations stated that it “works directly with Biryukov”. It is impossible to check these connections, of course, but it is also clear that it would be difficult to get a business of the same “technology” without strong intercessors, the company was registered only a few months before the auctions, and all the signs of one-day company were available: being at the address of mass registration, the minimum authorized fund, the founder, the general director and the chief accountant in one person, and most importantly, the complete absence of employees who were supposed to have been supposed to Perform work provided for by auctions. Andrei Egorov’s appeals did not bring results to the prosecutor’s office: the prosecutors escaped with unsubscribing, Technology LLC, meanwhile, transferring work on the subcontract, suddenly moved to Nizhny Novgorod to carry out some kind of reorganization there.

Kiss for Sobyanin

It would be possible to find a solution to the problem if there was a political will, everyone who managed to talk to the magazine was said to be in one vote. At the same time, Andrei Egorov sees the root of evil in the corrupt system of the GU IS, distributing money, without performing any work and checking their performance by others through the fingers.

However, you could also find a way out with the staff. “In the center there are thousands of meters of housing in resettled houses. They just stand, then in different ways they turn into private property. Here, suddenly a fire or collapse occurs, the new owners receive or simply buy papers about the accident rate - and here is a new point development, ”Elena Tkach explains, adding that some of these houses could be repaired and turned into dormitories:“ These would be state -owned profitable houses where we could populate the wipers. ”

A similar initiative was presented to the mayor's candidate Sergei Sobyanin, but there is little hope for its implementation. “Luzhkov, for example, was an enemy,” says Elena Tkach, “but it was both bad and good at the same time: if he said something, then it is so. And Sobyanin makes such statements - sometimes I even want to kiss. And then you call the city hall, you say that just Sergey Semenovich just said that on the cameras, you need such a piece of paper, the number of the document ... But there is no document. There is a system of oral orders that no one accepts for the leadership to action. ”

So with migrants, probably, it will be like in an ancient eastern proverb about the caravan and dog: the mayor will scold visitors, and they will still live along the cellars, sweeping Moscow streets and enriching Moscow officials.

Photos: ITAR-TASS, Egor Slyzyak, Reuters