On the other side

This interview took place in mid -June. It does not require entry, because his subject is clear from the first questions, and we promised not to report anything about the interlocutor. Talked by Mikhail Gelfand.

- Did you work in a company that produced different texts?

- It was an informal individual labor activity.

- There were no teams?

- No. There was a group of comrades who sometimes threw each other what was not enough for each other, but this was formally organized in any way.

- In what years it was?

- From ninety -fifth to two thousand fifth.

-And it stopped because there were more interesting classes or something changed in the world?

- Because it is difficult to write work when you are far from customers. And besides, I could not take my library entirely.

- Apparently, the case is in the library? It seems that for such activities, communication with the client is not very necessary.

- Not quite so. What I did was more complicated than what standard writers do, so I had to meet people, receive their tasks, discuss something. It is not very convenient to do when you sit on the other side of the earth.

Well, then, other interests and tasks appeared.

-And these texts were dissertations or something else?

- Closer to the end, these were mainly diplomas, a little exchange rate. The coursework was already less interesting to write, essays are not at all interesting. There were two or three dissertations.

- For what science?

- Economic disciplines - banking and general management.

- What are the institutions?

-Some of the modern freshly formed.

- There was no Plekhanovsky or rash?

- Let's not about specific details.

- Fine. Then so - the dissertations were written for people of what social system?

- There was an official and there was a manager.

- And why should he?

- Apparently, for career advancement - show -off immediately becomes a lot. Candidate of Economics - sounds. Apparently, he wanted to advance, and he needed some reason, career advantages compared to other top managers.

- How did customers find you if it was individual activity?

- Sarafan radio or ads in the newspaper. The dissertations-I led one for a long time, from the coursework, and someone recommended the second.

- There were cases that you refused the client?

- There were.

- Why?

- The main reason is the financial, insufficient respect for my work. A person does not understand what a normally solved task and a decorated work, and not just sodaled from the Internet, mean; He does not understand that it is worth the money.

There was also a diploma in philosophy, which was supposed to be based on the works of Shchedrovitsky. There sounded the word "Mosquion", from which I felt uneasy. I read a little and realized that I could not and do not want to understand this.

- That is, you wrote work not only in economics?

Economics, philosophy, law, politics, history, artistic, psychology, sociology are the main ones.

- With the variety of what performance turned out? It is clear that it depends on the flow of customers, but, say, if you take in a year?

- In what units do you tell?

- In pieces of diplomas.

- I won't say that. I can in pieces of bucks. The maximum was before the 1998 crisis-three or four thousand in the pre-diploma months: April, May, June-in the remaining one and a half or two. But I had high prices.

- Which?

-Diplomas-ten to fifteen bucks per page depending on urgency. It reached twenty, if it was necessary to do in three days. Dissertations - from twenty to thirty. But after the 98th, everything fell significantly.

- And the characteristic volume?

-Diploma-pages 50-70. The dissertation is 100-120.

- Is this not a little for a dissertation in the social sciences?

-There was such a degree of confusion for everyone and such a small share of people who are defending, that the leaders were happy with at least something. The applicants were said that if they write at least something, then they will be pushed. The situation was so bad that it was needed at least the visibility of the scientific work.

- The leaders knew that they did not write dissertations and diplomas themselves?

- Apparently, they did not assume. I tried not to allow excessive Zaumi, and in the process of talking with clients I tried to explain something to them. The dissertations understood, and most diplomats too.

- You not only wrote the text, but also prepared them for protection?

- I wrote them the text of the performance, and with those who were ready, I spoke the main points. Of course, there were those who said "write me - everything, goodbye, thank you." I had little feedback, in 90% of cases they defended themselves and never called again, they do not need anything else. Sometimes they sent other customers, apparently, this meant that they were satisfied.

- If you now count, it turns out that the average diploma is five hundred bucks, in hot months it is more expensive. Therefore, this is somewhere a diploma per week.

-Yes, in the spring of the 98th it was so. It happened longer, some leaders wanted everything to surrender to them in stages, with editing and so on - in such cases they had to start in advance. If there is an adequate topic, you write a plan for them, they attribute it to the leader’s approval, he rules something, offers to turn on the paragraph about this and that, well, you turn on this paragraph, then “the first chapter must be handed over then”, well, we hand over the first chapter, we get editing, we make an editing, we write the second chapter, and so on. This is a normal way of work. The student, by the way, is more likely to read his diploma in this case. But there is an extreme option, they bring the topic and say: "After a week - a term." It happened after three days.

- You mentioned that there was a person with whom you worked with the coursework.
And so you wrote to him coursework all your life, then a diploma, then a dissertation?

- Well, yes.

-It already turns out some kind of friendship with houses.

- Why? This is normal commodity-money relations. But yes, I was already ready to discuss something with him, we a little bit of the City Delhi. But very little. He was always so tired, tortured with politics, forever sad in his fragrant audi ...

-A week for a diploma and very diverse topics-did you have any special skill of generating texts?

-Basically, it was still an economy. Because the economy, apparently, was well written by few-it was necessary to understand something in it. I understood.

- What is your education?

- Natural science. But then at the ninety -fourth I went to work in the accounting department, then I sat down at home with my child and began to write, at first, of course, essays. Gradually, this began to fit in my head, and more or less I figured out this so much that then I worked as a financial journalist for three years, wrote macroeconomic reports and tests.

- The skill of scripture of texts affected?

- Not just the skill of scripture of texts is an understanding of what is happening in the economy. What, of course, was helped by my exchange rate and diploma. I had a very good economic library, it had almost all Western translated books that were published in the second half of the nineties. I easily invested in this literature, I read and analyzed it.

- And non -transmitted?

- I have English on the household only now, so I didn’t read them, it would be ineffective to sit with a dictionary. Then, at that stage, I did not need anything deeper. Specific situations had to be disassembled already in journalistic activities, and to work with students, mainly economic theory was needed - quite normally translated. But the press, including special, sometimes had to wool.

- There were no analysis of specific cases, only a general theory?

-In some diplomas, I built business planes of enterprises. This is closer to practice. I analyzed the financial records of real bizes, when the students managed to get data. Once the student showed his chief-heading the result of my analysis and forecast. Adverse. She loaded, but said that everything was true.

-It is clear from the context, but I will still ask: to what extent were all these texts independent?

- Naturally, I read the literature, I quoted it with an indication of the source, often with an accuracy to the page, but the texts were independent. This is not what many are doing, downloading from the Internet or just first textbooks. Of course, my texts, especially the essays, repeated themselves to some extent, because it is impossible to write twenty-five different essays on the topic of Peter I or about the transition of Russia to a market economy without self-replies. But the very ambush was - two diplomas on the same topic at the same institute in one month.

- Do you now meet your texts on the Internet?

- I did not look. Uninteresting. True, before our meeting, I thought that, perhaps, I would not throw my three -inch floppy disks.

- It may turn out to be a good asset.

- Of course, I would easily sell, I just don’t know where. But this is partly outdated, I have been writing nothing for eight years.

- You did not insert watermarks? There is a professor who uses a term in all dissertations that does not mean anything, but shows authorship.

- No.

- Was the dumping from the hack workers?

- Of course, especially after the ninety -eighth year. People were very hungry, saw that there was such a niche, and rushed there. They wrote almost three rubles per page and, of course, dragged everything from the Internet. Then many sites with ready -made essays appeared. My prices also fell, and then the volumes were reduced.

When I started, there was a small column in the newspaper “From Hand to Hand”, six people, then the gastard, then a whole, then three columns. Then every second began to ask: "Are you not taking from the Internet?" I had to explain that no.

- Believe?

- As a rule, yes.

- Governors and other respected people who were now caught on cheating - they did not ask this question in time? How could they pierce like that?

- It's hard to say. Many of those diplomans who came to me were normal people who had families, they worked, and they did not have enough strength and time to write a diploma. This is not at the institute where a person writes during working hours, here he works, for example, by logistics, makes decisions, and then comes home-and that, he must sit down to any kind of lit. Write a review?

- The question is not why they did it, but why they caught it like that.

- They do not have time, they cannot sit down and check. In addition, there were no programs.

- This is any search engine.

- Not everyone probably thought of it. The governor should not do this at all, he must say to the assistant: “The dissert was written to me here, go, go -ahead,” the issues should be resolved. And the fact that he did not, speaks of his low intellectual level, inability to distribute duties, delegate powers and select the team at the same time, which together gives a portrait of an absolutely ineffective leader.

- Why were there only two dissertations?

- It happened. Someone scared of someone. There was another dissertation, we abandoned because the person was tired. He had a malicious leader who herself did not know what he wanted.

- What science?

-Also in some management.

I must say that the Feedback that I received through diplomats from their leaders was horror. The leaders themselves did not understand anything. It seems that the market economy is already, we write about banking in the twenty -first century based on the normal principles of banking structures, the multiplier there, the Japanese system of balance of obligations and the liquidity of assets, the risks of derivatives, and they speak the language - not the nineteenth century, of course, but close.

- Then I will ask again about the institutes ...

- There was a higher school in the economy, but not enough. But once Yasin himself praised. GFA is a finalist. Correspondence financial and economic, which is on the films. Pleshka, of course. Law Academy, Modern Humanitarian University, State University of Management, Nestovka (University of Natalia Nesterova. - TRV), IMPE. Another university of service, the university of consumer cooperation - from there there were a lot. A lot of work was from the Hell of Tantalus College. I would close him for the criminal profanity of the idea of ​​higher education.

- Economic faculty of Moscow State University?

- No. I was surprised, by the way.

- Rash?

- It was not.

-You first quit this, and then left, or stopped due to departure?

- I handed over the last work and left.

- What are you doing now?

- Accounting.

- In Russian?

- In English.

-When you sent someone to other authors, why did this happen?

-Because of the manner. I was almost omnivorous and took up everything that was at least some kind of interest. Psychologists often conveyed, it was less interesting to me.

Although, I didn’t have doctors at all. I thought and decided that I would not write anything to the doctors. But they did not come.

- They probably didn’t write mathematicians either?

- No. Finanalism wrote. I probably solved economic tasks for the University of Consumer Operations. The texts of economic tasks there were completely crazy, "on the procurement base of the number one inter -district consumer clogging ...". These were tasks for chain substitutions. They were given that students develop economic thinking, so that students understand how the change of factors changes the cost, sales volumes. But through those formulations it was possible to tear only with Soviet hardening.

- And you decided for them, and thinking did not develop.

-Sometimes I had to explain something, it was the most pleasant when they wanted to understand something. Not all, of course.

- We again return to the same - how they distinguish high -quality work from poor -quality.

- Don't know. I had almost no feedback. I got five, everything is in order. These are often one -time requests, such customers have no idea about how it should be.

I asked the boy who came for the dissertation what he needed, what he wants to say. He looked ... with longing. He just needed crusts for career movement.

- Is this a manager?

- No, this is a government official.

- Who was the most nasty client?

-A certain boy told me for a long time about “Hare Krishna, Hare Rama”, and then he said: “Well, you look there, write everything well, my number has decided, if anything, I can ...” Something there. I told him: "You can’t even imagine what I can." And then he already politely talked to me. There was a vile type.

- What can you?

- I could not then. I could shake. Very angry.

- And the most nice?

- Girl, I wrote a lot to her, defended a diploma, brought a bottle of champagne in a thirty -degree heat. Her husband immediately discovered her, and the whole client was in champagne, but she was not offended. The girl was good. We chatted for a long time - just about life.

There was also a girl, very homemade. Young mother. Some again, she said: “The leader says to me that you need to write in the academic style.” I thought what the “academic style” was, wrote: “We think. Our research has shown. ”, - the classic of the genre. She reads carefully, thorough such a little man, then calls: “You write“ we ” - who is this? We are with you? ” She explained that this figure of speech is such. She later congratulated me on the first of May, recorded me in my grandmothers.

- Did your parents know?

- Sometimes they knew, they gave money. You need to learn a child, especially if it is a lonely mother with a child. I remembered who was the most nasty. It was a young Alphonse with the appearance of the emaciated Bory Moiseev, only Borya is dear, and that unclean, some kind of fussy and pimple. And with the "mother" - just shot. Babies are about fifty years old, gold, white, poisoned hair, paint on the face crumbles, Strazi everywhere. This one was vile to nausea: he angered me, and this one was really nowhere.

- Those from whom the parents did not know where they got the money from?

- They worked.

There was another category - “Girls”: wives, keepings. They came, languid, did not count the money, they did not understand the devil, as a rule. It was not interesting.

- Girls came alone?

- Differently. The funny thing was when they came to order alone, and to take it with a Back-up. And it began: “Are you sure? - Yes, I'm sure. - Well, look. “I look, let's get money.” That is, she paid, and then he said: “What, you fooled to pay such grandmothers for some abstract,” and now she comes in horror with this husband, is afraid, or that I will give them something, or her husband will absorb for the wrong work. But since my work did not wrap, then everything cost.

- And what did they do with these diplomas then?

- Don't know. It didn't worry me.

- Have you not contacted directly with your supervisor?

- No. It would immediately be seen that a person does not write himself.

- Certainly. That is, it did not reach this ...

- It did not reach. Sometimes it was evident according to the remarks of the leader, that he was completely out of them.

- This is dangerous if the child is too smart.

-No, maybe the leaders did not always understand some new things themselves, but they rejoiced when they saw a normally done work.

- There were punctures when they brought a diploma, and the four were put for him?

- They did not complain. Then, in most cases, diplomas are a gradual work. I brought them out for this, offered to take them to the chapters so that there were no problems. In most cases, they went to this, handed over work in stages. Teachers saw that a person was working, I saw comments, I understood what Glucks have, I wrote accordingly.

There was definitely no such thing to wrap it. And four. The same depends on the protection, on the answers to the questions.

- Here are on answers to questions and we can find that he does not understand anything in his diploma.

— Не знаю, как они с этим обходились. Я их просила прочитать работу, а дальше это были их проблемы. Если работу преподаватель принимает, по главам,какие ко мне вопросы? Конфликтов не было.

— Бывало, что не платили денег?

- Rarely. На больших работах я аванс брала. Потом, это же из рук в руки передается: текст на деньги.

— Это никак не оформлялось? Фирмы иногда это как НИР оформляют.

- No. В начале двухтысячных кто-то из моих знакомых получил звонок из налоговой, мол, мы о вас всё знаем.

— Но это другое: делиться надо.

- Maybe. Налоговая пыталась ситуацию отслеживать, но не приставали: видимо, было такое количество физических лиц, которые получали куда большие доходы, и их было легко стрясти, причем легко доказать. Потом, ловить надо в момент передачи денег, а потом что — «это мои, я их заработала на службе».

— Вы еще успевали работать?

- Yes.

Я десять лет этим занималась, меня это настолько интеллектуально обогатило, я столько всего прочитала за это время, чего я бы никогда не прочитала за бесплатно. У меня не было бы всех тех знаний, которые мне потом позволили сходу писать ежедневные репортажи или аналитические материалы И потом, мне практически всегда было интересно.

— Темы дипломов формулировали руководители или сами студенты?

- When how. Иногда им давали темы. Иногда приходилось немножечко переформулировать, потому что, во-первых, бред, а во-вторых, скучно. Несильно: было ясно, чего примерно хотят. Если тема нормально сформулирована, то под нее уже легко закладывается структура.

Если человек хотя бы прочитает то, что я написала, — это уже хорошо, он хотя бы увидит, как делается качественная работа. Если какой-нибудь халтурщик напишет, этого не будет.

Вот девочка, диплом которой Ясин похвалил, — она могла бы всё сама сделать, она приносила какие-то расчеты, я только занималась сведением этого, обработкой, лит. обзором. Это была осмысленная работа, которая просто помогала вымотанному напрочь человеку. Такие варианты, конечно, идеальные с точки зрения самооправдания.

— А нужно самооправдание?

— Мне оно не было нужно. Иногда, конечно, задаешься вопросом, то ли я делаю.

Вопрос был в том, что будет, если я не напишу. Ну, кто-то другой напишет, так или иначе его защитят. По большому счету, ничего не изменится.

— Это известный довод: «лучше я, чем какой-нибудь подлец».

— Не в этом смысле.

— Мы уже долго разговариваем, и я эти вопросы не задаю в силу их бессмысленности. А Вы все время на них выходите.

— В принципе, конечно, спрашиваешь себя. Я решила, что не хочу писать врачам и педагогам, то есть таким ключевым людям, от которых потом что-то серьезное зависит.

А если человек ничего не понимает в банковском деле или в трудовом праве, даже с моим дипломом, то его уволят в три пинка. Это не моя проблема.

Те, кто покупает дипломы — а есть и те, кто, вообще не учась, покупает сразу корочки, — если они не способны работать, они все равно будут отфильтрованы.

— Они будут отфильтрованы, но на это уйдет какое-то время. Хочется считать, что диплом — это показатель некоторой квалификации. Репутационные механизмы в банковском деле работают, там смотрят, откуда диплом?

— Конечно, должны работать. Но сейчас появилось такое количество вузов, что работодателю, через которого не проходят сотни людей, трудно самостоятельно это понять. Я думаю, где-то существуют рейтинги вузов по качеству, во всяком случае, они должны быть. Если бы я была HR-ом (специалист по human relations.- ТрВ) в реально сильной компании,я бы брала на должности, подразумевающие развитие, выпускников ВШЭ, экономфака и ГФА. Но на всех не напасешься, и людям приходится брать абы кого из Университета Нестеровой.

— Тогда Вы затрудняете задачу работодателю.

- Apparently, yes. Но работодатель — банки, инвесткомпании, и особенно государство, начали осложнять мою жизнь гораздо раньше, чем я — его. Ну и если студент нашел и выбрал меня, и умудрился заработать деньги, чтобы оплатить мои самые дорогие тексты, значит он, вероятнее всего, чего-то стоит, а я просто помогаю вывести в верхний сектор рынка труда самый качественный продукт — человека, который может. Мы же не о будущих ученых-филологах или там палеонтологах говорим, там другой стиль учебы и работы, другой строй мышления, другие приоритеты, другое отношение к словам «агрессивный», «амбициозный» и другие деньги. Система резюме и рекомендательных писем — это более эффективно, чем диплом. И она, кстати, в науке работает, потому что наука интернационализируется. А диплом может получить каждый, GPA у нас не считают, а выписку, не знаю, часто ли требуют, — много ли в дипломе, как в критерии отбора, толку?

— Может быть, изначально задумывалось всё-таки не так? Любая сложная система беззащитна перед ее сознательным разрушением.

- May be. Всё равно, если вуз уважаемый, конечно, проще устроиться. Но письма показывают, как человек может работать, как он с людьми обращается.

— Откуда у выпускника рекомендательные письма?

— У большинства вполне могут быть, потому что очень многие и учатся, и работают.

— Есть ли в России культура рекомендательных писем? В научной среде часта ситуация, когда письмо пишет сам соискатель, а рекомендатель лишь подписывает, причем обоих это устраивает. В бизнесе не так? Почему бывший работодатель заинтересован дать честную характеристику человеку, который от него уходит? Тем более, если расставание произошло не очень гладко.

— Когда я собиралась отсюда уезжать, то на всякий случай спросила своего руководителя сектора в газете насчет письма. Он сказал — не проблема, звони как понадобится. Это было восемь лет назад. До этого момента мне даже в голову не приходило озаботиться письмами. Возможно, всё сильно изменилось с тех пор. Думаю, лучше бизнесменов спросить, особенно тех, у кого крупные компании. В маленьких-то сначала смотрят по знакомым, а в больших поток больше, соответственно отбор сложнее.

Почему заинтересован? Потому что честным быть для большинства всё же проще и спокойнее. Потом, если, например, нормального человека увольняют по сокращению, то почему бы его справедливо не охарактеризовать, чтобы он нашел себе нормальную работу? Кому от этого хуже? А недовольный сотрудник тоже может разного наговорить про фирму, так что без особых веских причин волчью характеристику вообще-то никто давать не будет. Ну и можно же просто сказать — нет, я тебе никакого письма не дам. И человек на следующем интервью может придумывать любые причины, почему у него письма нет. К тому же — я не знаю, работает ли это уже в России, — фирма-наниматель может же просто позвонить на предыдущее место работы? Опять же, не знаю, как это всё сейчас здесь построено, но штатовские ребята умеют всё, что хотят, сказать между строк, и хороший НR это прочтет.

А если человек сам пишет, а руководитель подписывает, — значит, со всем согласен, я так понимаю.