Nothing else

Here I recently read Evgeny Bunimovich’s memoirs about the “second school”. And one fragment puzzled me: “And the years that fell on our second-hand adolescence were not so hot. We came to school at the very 68th, when we crushed the Prague Spring in the blood in the blood, and with it all the hopes of our sixties, knights of a short thaw. A dreary and mediocre reaction began in the country, persecution of “dissenters” (gabash words). And it did not happen somewhere there, but then, nearby. The dissenting Jacobson, who taught history and then literature, was forced to leave school, followed by him - and gathered for the same historical homeland, mathematician Israel Efimovich Sivashinsky. But it saved anyone and nothing. ” Actually, everything here is clear to me, except for one thing: why the dissenter is a “gabash word”? This does not correspond to my personal memories and sensations. About them, however, later.

If we turn to the national corps of the Russian language ( www.ruscorpora.ru ), then this is approximately such a picture. Until the twentieth century, the dissenting word is almost never found, then begins to be quite actively used by philosophers in an expansion-religious meaning, for example: is it not the same thing in the English revolution, where strict virtuous Puritans with the name of God on the lips after the daily morning prayer mercilessly exterminated peaceful dissenting people in which they saw “intelligent amulets of the amlectracks And the Philistines ”, and to the joy of Satan with a sword and destruction tried to impose pure puritan piety in personal and public life? [S.L. Franc. Complex of idols (1923)]; Those who lived in intellectual circles know this arrogance and conceit well, the consciousness of his infallibility, and neglect of the dissenters, and this abstract dogmatism, into which all teachings are cast here. [S.N. Bulgakov. Heroism and asceticism (1909)]; Socialism is fundamentally intolerant and exclusive, in theory, he cannot provide any freedoms to his opponents, dissenting. [N.A. Berdyaev. Democracy, socialism and theocracy (1924)].

In the 1920s, many party-democratic use (of course, the defending of the principle of pluralism, which then was won): then, perhaps, the socialists, having reached the authorities, will begin to plug the mouth to the dissenting, and even shoot “for harmful campaigning”? [V.M. Chernov. Notes of the socialist of the revolutionary (1922)]; In the future, this order for every dissenter and not to the beat of the order of the liberated land will be the death and destruction of his freedom and an independent life that we strive for. [N.I. Makhno. Memories (1929)]; To destroy the institution of secret reprisals with dissenting workers, peasants and the intelligentsia, by abolishing the judicial functions of the GPU, providing the opportunity for each worker of the vowel of the court and protection. [G.I. Myasnikov. Program "Workers' State" (1931)].

It is important that in the word dissenting there is a certain justification: they say, he doesn’t think so, but not because the enemy, revisionist, renegade or confusion, but simply because it somehow moves the brains differently. There is even some respect in this. Gradually, the use of this word becomes rare, and again it flashed already in connection with dissidents, but everything is complicated here. It is interesting, by the way, that this word appears twice in “Seventeen Moments of Spring” - in particular, in a Stirlitz conversation with a pastor. Well, there’s about a foreign life there. Of course, the corps does not give comprehensive information, but the overall trend is clearly visible.

So, to my memories. There are few words about which I so clearly remember where I know them. My grandfather and my mother’s grandmother lived in St. Petersburg. They were simple people. Grandpa was a military man. Lowed, by the way, first in the house on Litein, neighboring where Brodsky lived. But I don’t remember that, I was small. And I remember very well this. Every summer, grandfather and his family allocated a cottage-a house or half a house somewhere in the area of ​​Zelenogorsk, among the magic northern forests and lakes. The happiest part of my childhood passed there: pine trees, mushrooms, blueberries - and books, books.

Grandfather was not very interested in communicating with young granddaughters and, in general, it seems, was a rather harsh person. In essence, I know little about him, he died early. At that time I am talking about, he was already very ill, he did not have one leg, he did not get out of bed. At night, when everyone was sleeping, and I hadn’t slept yet - maybe I read a book under the blanket with a flashlight, maybe I just dreamed, a mysterious rustling and rattle were heard - this grandfather turned on the receiver: you listen to the Voice of America from Washington. The review of "Events and Reflections" is conducted by Natalia Clarkson.

As a foreign professor from the film "Autumn Marathon" said, there were many new words. The words, however, are not so many, the intonation was rather unusual. But some words were clearly “not ours”: the Moscow group of assistance to the implementation of Helsinki agreements, human rights - and these are the same dissenters. They also read the “Archipelago”, it was probably “freedom”, but this program, apparently, went out later, because I almost did not remember the text itself, fell asleep, or something, I only remember how through my dream I wondered what is the strange thing in the rhyme: the gulag archipelago-and that for the word is incomprehensible. It was unthinkable to ask - this would mean to find that I know a terrible secret. But I, I admit, was more interested in what was so clearly “not ours” in these intonations. And it was strange that grandfather was listening to it ...

Yes, well, you understand - it was the mid -seventies. I conducted a mini-survey about the dissenting word, and several of my friends said almost literally the same thing: summer, dacha, paternal receiver, 74-76 years. By the way, it is clear why the cottage: the jammers work worse, and the neighbors hear worse. Yes, in fact, these memories are confirmed by such, for example, by the statement of Lidia Chukovskaya: am I protesting on behalf of the “dissenters”, as the Protestants pursued by us are called abroad? No, I'm talking from myself. [OK. Chukovskaya. The anger of the people (1973)].

However, I do not want to say at all that Bunimovich is certainly mistaken. The life of words is difficult. It happens like this: there is someone’s word, with a very distinct social coloring, and the ideological enemy intercepts it, with a muffled grin, mimicates, quotes, grimacing. And now it has already been vulgarized and became like a stranger. For example, when bots run up in a serious Internet discussion and begin to scribble in the comments: "Oh, as the handshakes scored."

So I fully admit that in the gabash circles at some point they began to use the term dissenters -first in quotation marks and ironically, and then completely in a businesslike way. And that someone could hear him for the first time in such a vile context and dislike forever.