"The word" migrant "is a knife in the heart"

On the next Sunday, May 25, as part of the Sinema Belief project, we will watch a program of films about migrants. All the details are the link !

Veronika Sergeeva, curator of the project "School of Migrant Languages"

- Tell us: how did you get the idea to create a school of languages ​​of migrants ?

-I recently came to Museon , about a couple of months ago, and the idea arose back in January-February. Our message is clear: we want, first of all, to show that the cultures of these countries are significant. Do not treat Tajiks as wipers, they are carriers of the most ancient culture. On the other hand, we wanted to attract people to study these languages. The school should become a starting point for them, show the other side of these countries, few people know.

- It is known that the school is taught Uzbek, Kazakh, Moldavian and Tajik, classes are held once a week, but the set is already completed. And how many people have signed up for school? I know quite a lot.

- I think this is due to the fact that in Moscow there are practically no opportunities to learn these languages. In total, 210 people signed up, most of them are people who are somehow professionally connected with languages. Some work with migrants, teach Russian. The second category is people who want to restore their native culture and language. For example, we have, for example, guys - ethnic Kazakhs or ethnic Tajiks who have already lost their tongue, only at a very household level they speak them, do not even know how to read and write, and, unfortunately, they do not have the opportunity to learn their native language, preserve their culture outside the homeland.

- Yes, in one of the classes I met a girl Alexandra. She has a Russian dad, and mom is Tajichka, although she was born in Uzbekistan, in Samarkand. At home with children, she did not speak her native language, so now Alexander signed up for both Uzbek and Tajik, to learn everything at once.

-Yes. Well, the third category is just curious, who want some kind of exotic, because the West is already tired.

- I saw in the first lesson how federal channels arrived at the opening of the school, which extremely annoyed organized the picture they needed. The television men released jokes about registration to the teacher of Uzbek, who did not want to act. It was very unpleasant. Where does the federal channels get such an unhealthy interest in your project?

- Recently, this question has been greatly sore, you don’t need to talk about it for a long time, you remember about Biryulyovo. Of course, this topic worries people. On the other hand, there is a recent decree of Putin, which is just calling for work to create interethnic consent. Maybe they are trying to contribute to this agreement.

- In the first lesson, the teacher of the Uzbek Beami Karaev said that she did not like the name "School of Migrant Languages." Why do you think? And how did other teachers react to this word?

- Basically, everyone was calm. Yes, we really had some problems with the teacher of Uzbek. She said that in Uzbekistan the equivalent of the word "migrant" has a negative connotation. I want to say that we used it in the most neutral sense. Therefore, I had to teach Begs Khalmanovna a little so that she would take part in our project.

I will make people stop thinking that the Tajik language is bad and abandoned.

- In general, it was difficult to find teachers?

- It was quite difficult in fact, because there are not many specialists in this field. All our teachers are philologists and linguists. Many of them are co -authors of textbooks, dictionaries. A Kazakh teacher, for example, is the editor-in-chief of the Internet publication, which is called the "Kazakh language". This is such a portal about Kazakh culture and life in Russia.

But I was very pleased that all the teachers reacted well and were even ready to work for free. They, of course, are real enthusiasts of their craft. I think they were very pleased that in Moscow there are people who are interested in their languages.

- How do classes go?

- A very funny story turned out with a teacher in Kazakh. He has a pedagogical education, but it is technical. He mainly engages in the editing of texts in the Kazakh language and gives private lessons, groups for him. At the same time, he has such a funny Russian language, very slang, lower. He always says not a “girl”, but a “girl”. Not a “teacher” or “teacher”, but a “teacher”. At the same time, you need to understand that it gives a very conversational version of Kazakh. Recently, they played the game, as if all students were going on a train to Kazakhstan, sitting in a compartment and getting to know each other.

Navruz Davlatovich Gulzoda, a teacher of Tajik, it seems to me that he also perceives everything rather as childish fun. He probably believes that it is difficult to learn something in such a large group. Therefore, he chose a kind of pop form for himself. He used to have many fans.

- The school will work until August 1, but what's next?

- Maybe we will do the next year the school of languages ​​of the near abroad or the CIS countries, because there were a lot of applications for Ukrainian, Georgian, and the languages ​​of the Baltic countries. With the Kazakh, by the way, nevertheless we are not a very successful situation, I think that we had to take the Kyrgyz. Kazakhs are not perceived in Moscow as migrants, because they speak Russian very well, they have the second state, and many statistical Kazakhs in Moscow are ethnic Russians who returned after the collapse of the Union. Until the end of summer, we will take several more events within the framework of the school. The Russian Foundation for All, for example, will conduct lectures in us about how the culture of these countries influenced the Russian. For example, the military culture of the nomadic tribes of Kazakhstan at one time greatly influenced military culture in Rus'. It will be interesting.

Navruz Davlatovich Gulzoda, teacher of the Tajik language

- I know that you have been teaching the Tajik language for a very long time. The last few years - in Moscow, at the Moscow State Linguistic University.

- When I only arrived in Moscow, in the darkness, there were no textbooks. Then I took a white sheet, wrote the rules, exercises, made copies, printed and gave it to students. And so I worked for a whole year.

- Why did you decide to become a teacher?

- Almost all my relatives followed these footsteps. They are either poets, or scientists, or just people who love literature. This also influenced me. When I wanted to submit documents to the Faculty of History, my mother’s uncle said that we have no historians. “Come on,” he says, “enter the philological, you should get a good philologist.” And I chose this profession. It was already 45 years ago. And still I am walking along this road. I began my pedagogical activity as a primary school teacher, for four years I taught in the first grade. Then he worked as a military commissar, was a deputy director for educational work, a head teacher. But then I realized that all this is nonsense, I need to go to a scientific work, and I went to a pedagogical university in Kurgan-Tyube, became a candidate of sciences, became a poet. I have four collections of poems, in one of them I imitate Khayama. In Russian, I also tried to write, but it seems to me that it is necessary to keep them secret while I have Russian still bad.

- Why did you come to Moscow?

- I was sent here. I work under the contract. MGLU needed a person who had no penalties. They asked me to come, and now I have been coming for the fourth academic year. Now I have a lot of things, I need to write a textbook for studying the Tajik language as the first foreign and a small textbook on Tajikistan itself, in history. As I finish, I will hand over these books, and nothing more here holds me here.

- Will you leave? Do not want to stay?

- stay? Of course not. Russia is a good, rich country, good people, but I still have a family there. I have 14 grandchildren, five children: 2 daughters and 3 sons. It is better to be with them. But I will definitely keep in touch with friends and remember my life in Moscow. The whole darkness is my friends. Our rector Irina Ivanovna is a true teacher. A very good person. When she took me to work, I already felt at home. Over these four years of work in Moscow, I have more friends than in 40 years of my pedagogical activity in Tajikistan. That's for sure, I'm not lying. Of course, it was difficult for me at first, before we were not called a foreign language. We were like one family, these languages ​​were single, and the Russian was for everyone as a second native language ... I should stay here? No, no, I won’t stay.

I am illegally against life in another country. Otherwise, you live like a hare.

- And what else were difficulties?

- Difficulties were what? This language, Tajik, is now considered the most unnecessary language. It is necessary to convey to those who think so that this is the oldest language. Therefore, I set myself the task of explaining that our language is also part of the family of Indo -European languages ​​and many works of world literature are written in this language. Here in Shahnama 60 thousand baits, that is, it turns out 120 thousand lines, and I re -read them 7 times. And not a single word is repeated there. Here, for example, is a “horse” or “horse”. On Tajik - "ASP". In Shahnama, more than fifty names of this animal. The white horse is called "charm", the red horse is "kumait." "Rakhsh", "Sitors". Shahname is a language. And how not to love Shahname? Without Khayyam, I do not exist physically at all. Therefore, if we mock the Tajik language, we will mock Khayyam, Saadi, Firdousi.

- And what, actually mocking?

- Certainly. I have been working with people for forty -five years. If I teach, and students sleep in a lesson, well, it happens like this, or pay more attention to the second English than the first Tajik, then everything becomes clear to me. Although students and scientists still understand what the Tajik language is, and go out into the street now, go to some store and start telling them about Tajik-they will even start laughing, they say, you’ll be kidding, or who needs your Tajik language. And it was. I did not explain, because why explain to a person if he doesn’t care. And I'm sorry, it hurts very much. But gradually I will make people to stop thinking that the Tajik language is bad and abandoned.

- And please tell about the school of languages ​​of migrants.

- I only dreamed that in Moscow, in the center of Russia, they opened a school so that the Russians could learn the Tajik language. I never dreamed of in a dream! I am grateful to these guys. Only I do not like this word, "migrant." One could call the "School of languages ​​of fraternal peoples." And this word - right with a knife to the heart.

- You can have a lot to learn a lot in three months?

- If there is a good attitude towards yourself, you can learn a lot. The guys try very hard than I am satisfied, and I try too. I now have no right to sleep, I have to work, I need to find a way out to facilitate the path to learning the language.

I often think that if those who come here knew well Russian, they would be better, their bosses, too, work would be more effective. And they would understand each other easily. And if people understand each other, then there is a good process of life.

- Do you have many friends or acquaintances among visitors?

- A lot. Some have already received citizenship, they have apartments, they work as translators, they are engaged in science. And there are migrants. There is a diaspora in Tver, and almost 30 percent of the population is Tajiks. And I think that there you need to open a school so that the children can learn the Tajik language, but not allowed. It is necessary to think about it and the embassy about it, because children do not absorb Russian well, not at the proper level, and only they say at the Tajik house. Not even in Tajik, but in some incomprehensible language, a mixture of Russian with Tajik.

We are not animals, we are people, how much you can hunt us.

- How difficult is the migrants in Moscow?

- Humanity loses its appearance everywhere. And in Tajikistan too. Migrants have no money, but you need to learn the language, you need a certificate, a work permit too, and without a certificate you can’t get it. Some are very unhappy that they are accepted very coldly. They are mocking them.

- Are they mocking?

- Yes, they are mocking. Now, if a migrant got into the hospital and he does not have, as he is called, a policy, even though he will die there, no one will pay attention. There were such cases. There were such cases in Dushanbe when a person had no money for the operation and left him to die. This is an ordinary phenomenon of the current society. Here Saadi says that people are like parts of the body. These are not my words, so Saadi says. If the right hand hurts, then the left does not give rest. And if a person says that the fate of other people is indifferent to him, then he cannot be called a man. But there is no forest without wolves. I don't know where this hatred comes from. Honestly, I don't know. Just when the union broke up and the Russians began to leave Tajikistan, there were rumors that they mocked them there. But I lived at that time in Tajikistan, I was forty years old, I was already a scientist. Yes, there were supporters of the state, there were supporters of the Islamists, but no one was at enmity with the Russians. When they began to leave, many conscious people with bitterness said that "the beauty of Dushanbe were Russians."

It is very difficult to understand all these problems. I really do not like politics. Already to hatred. I'm a scientist, I'm looking for words.

I dream of creating a school of studying Tajik. But I do not see the way. This should do the embassy. And I want to make a Russian language center for coming to Moscow to work, because many of my friends call me, ask how to get a certificate and where to learn Russian. I think that there should be such a school for them too.

- Is it difficult to collect all the documents for a trip to Russia?

- No, we need a medical book and a passport. A work permit is very expensive. Almost 31 thousand. In Dushanbe, with this money you can feed your family for a year.

- Therefore, many come to work here?

- Yes, and because there is little work. Of the entire territory, only three percent is suitable for life, we have only mountains around. Factories and factories froze, some closed, some demolished. Now the oligarchs have appeared who are trying to restore this and hire. But, for example, the salary of the seamstress per month is 400 somoni. This is 3000 rubles.

- Have there been cases of deportation among your friends?

- Only illegal deportes are deported. And they do the right thing. Is it difficult to do everything on the basis of legislation? You can’t live illegal. It’s to live like a thief. If you came to this country to work, then you need to obey the law. Diasporas and embassies are to blame for everything, they must protect and help. Extend a helping hand. They are the money that earn here, where they send it? To Tajikistan. I am illegally against life in another country. Otherwise, you live like a hare. You will hide from a policeman, a policeman. Previously, for sixty rubles you could fly to Moscow, live as much as you want, and no one touches you. And now people have become like game.

- How game?

- Yes, you will go out into the street, and everywhere they seem to hunt illegal. They look - black, which means non -Russian. So, illegal. Who needs such a life? And ours should also think about it. We are not animals, we are people, how much you can hunt for us, demand documents.

- Did you ask you?

- No, never. They look at me and see that the old and no one needs (laughs) .

- And what can you say about the events that occurred in Biryulev?

- And what was there? I don't know.