Mikhail Dolgov: State report “On the state of sanitary and epidemiological well -being of the population in the Russian Federation in 2013” ​​is the Republic of Mari El one of the most problematic regions of Russia

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The Federal Service for Supervision of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Blessing (Rospotrebnadzor) has unveiled the results of socio-hygienic monitoring of the state of habitat and its influence on the health of the population of Russia. As follows from the report prepared by the department “On the state of sanitary and epidemiological well-being of the population in the Russian Federation in 2013”, Mari El was recognized as one of the most problematic regions of Russia.

The state report “On the state of sanitary and epidemiological well-being of the population in the Russian Federation in 2013” ​​was prepared on the basis of a systemic analysis of socio-hygienic monitoring data, which allowed to highlight human environmental factors that have a negative impact on the population of the population, as well as evaluate the influence of a complex of sanitary-epidemiological and socio-economic factors.

Priority problems in ensuring the sanitary and epidemiological well-being of the population of the Russian Federation are the adverse influence of environmental factors associated with the conditions of training and education of children and adolescents; lifestyle factors, primarily alcohol consumption, tobacco smoking, the level of balance of nutrition; factors that determine the state of infectious and parasitic incidence. The system for managing the risk of health and ensuring the sanitary epidemiological well -being of the population, primarily at the regional level, requires the development.

The greatest damage to the country is caused by social factors, the authors of the study note. Such factors include a large share of the population with low income, poor housing conditions, low housing security, and an expensive consumer basket. During 2013, in Russia as a whole, social factors caused more than 144.1 thousand cases of death of the occupied population (76 %) and more than 5.8 million cases of diseases (35 %). And economic losses in the form of under -produced GDP amounted to 257.8 billion rubles.

One of the important aspects in the study of Rospotrebnadzor experts was an analysis of the state of atmospheric air and its impact on the health of the population. According to the report “On the state of the sanitary and epidemiological well-being of the population in the Russian Federation in 2013” ​​in the Mari EL level of incidence of children (0-14 years old), asthma and asthmatic status exceeds the average-Russian indicator by 1.4 times! Astma is a disease of megacities where there are actually no green spaces and extremely contaminated air. But how did it happen that in one of the greenest and most environmentally safe cities of Yoshkar-Ola, the incidence of asthma is actually the same as in large industrial cities?!

Unfortunately, the capital of Mari El, thanks to the violent architectural fantasies of the head of the region Leonid Markelov, has been representing the construction site for several years, where any greens have been mercilessly cut down. The economic consequences of the architectural delirium Leonid Markelov are billions of rubles for the budget of the republic and billion profit for companies that belong to the relatives of the head of Mari El, or the oligarchs close to it. But the environmental consequences of architectural kitsch (the growth of asthma of children in Yoshkar-Ola) were reflected in the report of experts of the Federal Service for Supervision of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Welfare.

A difficult situation on the prevention of health problems in the field of preschool and school education. According to the report “On the state of the sanitary and epidemiological well-being of the population in the Russian Federation in 2013”, Mari El is one of the problematic regions, where the proportion of children and adolescents with schoolchildren with visual impairments is 1.5 times higher than the average-Russian level! The proportion of children and adolescents with scoliosis according to medical research is 1.4 times above the average Russian level!

An unfavorable situation in Mari El and with the quality of water. The danger of developing adverse non-cancerogenic effects from the blood system of hematopoietic organs in the adult population is determined by the influence of sanitary-chemical indicators of the quality of drinking water. For the adult population, risk factors for blood diseases are the levels of nitrate, manganese, iron in various combinations in water.

The quality of drinking water can be caused by non-carogenic risk of developing diseases of the cardiovascular system in an adult, where risk factors are the presence of arsenic, nitrates in various combinations. Experts of Rospotrebnadzor attributed the Republic of Mari El to the territory of the risk on this factor.

One of the important points in the study of Rospotrebnadzor was the quality of the population. Mari El entered the group of regions, where the incidence of the entire population with insulin -dependent diabetes mellitus exceeds the average Russian indicators by 1.4 times! Experts of Rospotrebnadzor emphasize that the level of consumption of macronutrients in Mari El indicates an unbalanced diet with a tendency to increase the consumption of products containing saturated fats, and reducing the consumption of complex carbohydrates, which leads to the risk of developing metabolic disorders, growth of cardiovascular diseases, neoplasms, endocrine disorders, including sugar Diabetes.

The unbalanced nutrition in Mari El is due to the fact that people simply save on food! According to the report for May 2014, Mari El entered the four regions of Russia with the highest poverty level in the country. Every fourth resident of the republic is behind the poverty line. The poverty level in the region is 19.5 percent.

The average cash income of the population of Mari El for 2013 amounted to 14517.22 rubles per month. The population of average per capita cash income below the average per capita cash income (below 14.5 thousand rubles) in the whole Mari El, in 2013 amounted to 442.1 thousand people or 64% of the total population of the republic. Note that only 13% of the inhabitants of Mari El have a monthly income above 25 thousand rubles. In 2013, 10% of the most wealthy population accounted for 28.77% of the total amount of cash income, and 10% of the least secured population - 2.17%.

The funds coefficient (the ratio between the average levels of cash income 10% of the population with the highest income and 10% of the population with the lowest income) was 13.3 times in 2013.

From hopelessness and poverty, the population of Mari El is drunk. According to Rospotrebnadzor, the incidence of chronic alcoholism among the adult population in the RME is 1.3 times above the average Russian. The level of acute poisoning from alcohol -containing products in Mari El is one of the highest in Russia and exceeds the average Russian indicators by more than 2 times! The main causes of acute poisoning from alcohol-containing products in the republic are: acute poisoning of ethanol, alcohol unsifted (denaturated, cologne and perfumery, wiper, alcohol surrogates, technical alcohol, brake fluid, antipsychot, ethylene glycol), other alcohols, methanol, 2-propanol, and sivuish oil. Mari El is also one of the leaders in Russia in terms of mortality (above the average Russian indicator more than 2 times) from alcohol poisoning.

The authors of the state report “On the state of sanitary and epidemiological well-being of the population in the Russian Federation in 2013” ​​divided the regions of Russia into four types.

Among the 27 regions with the most favorable indicators of the sanitary and epidemiological situation and the average level of socio-economic indicators (the first type) were, in particular, the Krasnodar Territory, Voronezh, Leningrad, Volgograd, Lipetsk, Moscow region. Here is the smallest frequency of excess of hygienic standards for the quality of atmospheric air, water and soil, an increase in the ratio of per capita income to the consumer basket, the lowest share of dilapidated and emergency housing.

The subjects of the Russian Federation with significant sanitary and hygienic problems and the highest indicators of socio-economic development (second type) include Moscow, St. Petersburg, Tyumen and Sakhalin Regions, and Krasnoyarsk Territory. Here are the lowest mortality rates and incidence of the population associated with socio-economic indicators. However, the sanitary and hygienic problems of large and medium-sized cities remain extremely acute-unsatisfactory indicators of the quality of drinking water and high indicators of excess atmospheric air are recorded.

Another 19 constituent entities of the Russian Federation attributed to the third type-with pronounced sanitary and epidemiological problems and the national average socio-economic indicators. The proportion of atmospheric air and water samples with excess of hygiene standards here is higher than in the first two types. These regions are inferior to the subjects of the second type in income and the provision of housing.

By the fourth type-with a complex of sanitary-epidemiological and socio-economic problems that form the highest levels of public health disorders-belongs to a small number of Russian regions. Among the leaders of the anti -rating of the Kamchatka Territory, the Amur Region, the Republic of Mari El, the Altai Territory, the Chukotka Autonomous Okrug. This group records the highest levels of atmospheric air pollution, a high proportion of drinking water sampling with excess of hygienic standards. And also the most unfavorable socio-economic indicators are characteristic. And as a result, the highest mortality ratios and incidence of the population associated with the negative impact of environmental factors.

Mikhail Dolgov

Source: The Public Committee for Combating Corruption in Mari El ( http://no-korrupcia.livejournal.com/ )