Translated material
Strategic computer initiative
At the end of July, US President Barack Obama signed an order to build the fastest supercomputer in the world by 2025 , according to the official website of the White House . At the moment, the leader in this area is the Chinese computer Tianhe-2 , which is located in the National Center for Supercomputer Technologies in Guangzhou. It is launched that the American device will become 20 times faster and will be able to perform the quintillion (10 18 ) of operations per second , so its performance will be one exaflop with . At the same time, the performance of Tianhe-2 33.86 petaflops ( which is 33.86 quadrillion operations per second ).
Especially for the development and creation of such a computer in the United States, an organization called the National Strategic Computer Initiative (NSCI) will be created. It is reported that the States took up the search for a computer much faster than all existing models to perform complex , comprehensive modeling , and carry out assistance in scientific research and national security projects .
The United States government is over that the new computer can , for example, more deeply analyze meteorological data for more accurate forecasts of the weather . It is also assumed that the new device will be useful in the diagnosis of cancer due to the analysis of images made using an X -ray , and can also help NASA model turbulence . This, in turn , will create a more streamlined design of the aircraft without the need for long -term testing of the designed options in an aerodynamic pipe .
Richard Kenay from the University of Edinburgh believes that this plan unites the desire to create and develop new equipment and improve the analysis of large amounts of information (Big Date) , BBC reports . According to Kenoay , the computer can really contribute to the development of medicine, taking into account individual specific features . “Today, medicines are intended for most people , and they normally affect some of them , but on some they are not,” the expert notes . He adds that today this problem is the transition from the creation of drugs for all to the formation of the Yu individual medications based on the information of the genome and the lifestyle of a particular patient .
British experts believe that the creation of a supercomputer is complicated by a number of problems , the solution of which can take years . For example , it will be necessary to create computer components that will become much more energy in comparison with the existing ones . According to their calculations , the costs of only the electricity for powering a computer will amount to about 94 million dollars a year .
Recall that the projects for creating a new leader among the OM supercomputer are implemented in different countries of AH : in October last year , Japan invited Fujitsu to participate in a new project to create a computer with a performance of 1000 petaflops , which is 30 times more than that of the aforementioned Tianhe-2 leader . It was reported that the project was called F Lagship 2020, and Fujitsu will work on it together with the Riken Institute, which today is one of the largest research centers of Japan . The first stage was supposed to be created , and the launch of the device was planned for the spring of 2021 . For the planning planning for April 2021 .
Japan has not just chosen Fujitsu to partners. The company already has a serious experience in creating supercomputers , its main success was the K project, the performance of which was 10 petaflops .
In Russia, there was also talk about creating a new supercomputer : back in 2011 , the concept of an exaflopse computer was prepared , the implementation of which the authors of the project estimated at 45 billion rubles . In the working group , occupying Jushh , this project under the auspices of the State Corporation Rosatom consist of employees of the institutions of the Russian Academy of Sciences and a number of leading Russian universities .
So far, Russian achievements in the creation of supercomputers are quite modest , when compared with Japan , China and the USA . The best Russian supercomputer is A -Class, established by T - Platforms at Moscow State University . M. IN . Lomonosov . Its performance reaches 1.849 petaflops . This is the so -called "Lomonosov -2 " . The first version in Russia , which is simply called “Lomonosov” with a performance of about 1.3 petaflops , this computer is also installed at Moscow State University .
At the same time, China is unlikely to agree to easily part with the position of one of the leaders in the creation of qualitatively new computers . On Sunday , August 2 , it became known that the Chinese Internet Holding Alibaba Group , together with the Chinese Academy of Sciences, began to develop a quantum computer . According to TASS , referring to the Chinese publication , it is planned that the computing power of the invention in trillion times will surpass modern supercomputers .
The work of the quantum computer is engaged in such large IT corporations as Google, Microsoft and IBM. The Chinese holding explains the nagging “exclusively scientific interests” , since there is no understanding regarding the commercial use of this technology . According to the Chinese scientist Pan Jianve , the process of its development in China is complicated by the fact that the best minds of Chinese science are lured into competing American corporations (however, China today is no less known for “ head hunting”) . According to preliminary estimates of the developers , the creation of a quantum computer technology will take 10 to 15 years .
The usual computers (including supercomputers) differ from quantum principles of work. In particular, in ordinary computers, a binary coding system is used , where a unit information is one bit . In the quantum computer, this unit is a cubit , which can take the value of zero and units at the same time , and this is achieved due to the state of the superposition . It is assumed that quantum computers will be intended only to solve specific problems of problems (among which they call cryptographic in particular).