Orphanage. "Lowered", "looking", "informers"

In early November, the former activist of Mger and the head of the Union of Volunteers of Russia, Yana Lantratov, publicized the facts of the mockery of the children of the Chita orphanage - children beat, hunger, tied to doors and pillars, subjected sexual violence and poisoned as “lowered”. Two weeks later, more than a dozen criminal cases have already been instituted at the teachers of the orphanage, police and doctors. The Mediazone tells how the revealing campaign has developed, how much adopted in the orphanage No. 1 differs from the usual practice of Transbaikal boarding schools, and how the injured children and their educators live now.

In the summer of 2015, the pupils of the orphanage No. 1 of the cheats rested in the summer camp. One of them, a six -year -old boy, as a punishment for the Banana teachers taken without demand in the room and two sweets were beaten with a stick on the hands of the teacher - Elena Smolina and Bair Budaeva. Other children also participated in the executions: Smolin and Budaev forced them to take turns to hit the boy in their hands.

Later, the teacher of Smolin continued to punish the boy: she put him in a cage in the camp. Such, the orphanages told the volunteers who visited them from the Transbaikal "Union of Volunteers of Russia", has repeatedly been repeated.

The activists who learned about this case turned to the children's ombudsman of the region Vladimir Shadapov. (Today he is already a former ombudsman-in September 2015 he was removed from his post because of the frauds proved in court and the salaries proved in court). Shadapov, together with the inspector for minors, conducted an audit in the camp and decided that there were no violations by Smolina, but the teacher was fired Budaev. This happened in August, and in November Smolina became the accused in a criminal case.

Volunteers from the "Union"

Not the last role in the criminal prosecution of Smolina, and subsequently other employees of the orphanage No. 1, was played by the already mentioned “Union of Volunteers of Russia” (SDR) and his head, 27-year-old Yana Lantratov, a former coordinator of the “I-Volunteer” “Young Guard of United Russia” and one of the organizers of “parental all-Russian resistance”. (RVS founder is Sergey Kurginyan, and the goal declared by the movement is the fight against juvenile justice, the protection of traditional family values ​​and the patriotic education of schoolchildren). Since November 2012, Lantratov has been included in President Putin in the Human Rights Council (HRC). In the media, the surname of the head of the “Union of Volunteers of Russia” was actively mentioned in the summer of 2013, during the fight against the consequences of floods in the Khabarovsk Territory, where Lantratova headed the Volunteer Headquarters and subsequently received the Ministry of Emergencies.

The situation in the orphanage No. 1 (the official name is the center of assistance to children without parental care, named after V.N. Podgarkbunsky) Lantratov learned from the coordinator of the help of the help of children of the Chita SDR Anna Kuzhikova. The latter has been communicating with the orphanage No. 1 for four years, but he says that they began to tell her about the methods of “education” that they practice there only this summer.

Four years ago, Kuzhikova came to the orphanage as a volunteer, and then unlearned a teacher and began to work as a teacher. “I have been communicating with them for four years, they did not tell anything like this, because for them it was the norm. Maybe they did not see. When I got a job there, I began to live their life. Naturally, the first began to tell me the first to tell, and then the children, ”says Kuzhikova.

The teacher Elena Nomakonova told her about the boy, beaten and locked in a summer camp. After the story received publicity, Kuzhikov was fired from the orphanage and tried to forbid her to communicate with the children.

Education on concepts

The described by Nomaconova was not the only episode of cruelty to the children, about which the members of the Trans -Baikal branch of the SDR told Lantratova in a note in August of this year. Volunteers wrote that after the teacher about the punishment practiced in the orphanage, the children themselves began to tell.

All the same six -year -old boy, who was considered especially problematic in the orphan, for his complaints about hunger and requests to give food received a pot in which the first, second and third dishes were mixed; However, sometimes he was simply deprived of food. Before going to bed, the child’s feet were baked by other people's prosthetic boots: so that if he did not sleep at night, and go to look for food, the educators hear him.

Older children often participated in punishments. According to adolescents, Smolina regularly gave them instructions to “deal” with the younger ones and “discipline” them. For this, she talked with the elders on an equal footing, shared cigarettes and turned a blind eye to their misconduct. But in case of refusal to help the “upbringing” of the younger children of the elders, too, was waiting for the punishment.

The note of the “Union of Volunteers” describes the case when two sisters who broke the plate, the educators laid food in the palms and made the girls eat from each other's hands. Another pupil was tied with tape to the pillar, leaving it in the sun and occasionally spraying with water from the stream. The same boy, along with another orphanage, was once wrapped with tape to the door upside down. The children sang upside down for several hours.

The mockery listed in the note dates back to the period from August to October 2015, but similar happened earlier. The pupils told the “volunteers” that one of the boys was sent five times to a mental hospital, where he was beaten on the head or head against the wall and tied to the bed. According to the children, the hospital staff dipped their heads into the toilet and made amenazin injections - a potent neuroleptic. One of the senior pupils, upon returning from a psychiatric hospital, was to take pills, from which she constantly slept.

The same girl in October 2015 suffered from the actions of the police interrogator Daria Saltanova. The 15-year-old pupil of the orphanage returned from a walk later than allowed. As the Note to the SDR said, an employee of the search department of Saltanov, who began to insult the teenager and flutter her hair, did not let her out into the toilet and say, “go for yourself”, to call the teacher. Later, the girl was taken to the Department of Internal Affairs, there she was left for the night. The police department did not give her food and water and did not let her into the toilet. She returned to the orphanage only in the morning.

The idea of ​​the general atmosphere in the orphanage No. 1 is also given by some other practices adopted there. So, even under the former director Nikolai Gerasimenko, a boy was transferred to the Podgarkbunsky center, who was raped by the older guys in the previous orphanage. The director of Gerasimenko tried to engage in the rehabilitation of the injured child, and also turned to the Investigative Committee, but a day after that he was fired. The new leader of the orphanage did not attach much importance to the situation with the child. Children with the knowledge and encouragement of the group of the group recognized the boy “omitted”: they no longer talked to him, he ate separately from everyone.

The concept of “lowered” adopted among the thieves prisoners and prisons was also applied to a preschool boy, whom the older pupils brought to the bedroom to the girls and threw it to another preschooler, forcing children to kiss each other's genitals. Then both were locked in the closet. After this execution, not only children, but also educators ceased to communicate with the boy.

Also, the SDR note mentions an abortion, which was “helped” by a 16-year-old pupil in one of the medical institutions of Chita. As an employee of the orphanage, Lidia Volozhanina, told volunteers, the teenage girl became known in the summer when she lived with her friend in the orphanage, while the rest of the children were on vacation in the camp.

Suspected, excited, removed

The first criminal case was opened at the 57-year-old Elena Smolin, a teacher who, being the head of the camp, beat and locked a six-year-old boy in a cage. Smolin was suspected of exceeding the official powers and illegal deprivation of the freedom of a minor, the Investigative Committee said on November 6. The teacher was charged, the court placed her under house arrest.

Almost a week later, the SK reported : the information of journalists about other cases of cruelty to the pupils of the orphanage is checked. On November 13, employees of the central apparatus of the Investigation Department arrived in the region. On the same day, new business employees started new things. The UK also promised to give a legal assessment of the actions of local officials responsible for protecting the rights of children. The searches were held at the Ministry of Social Protection of the population of the region, the unit of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Chita and the Commission on Minors of the City, in the apparatus of the children's Ombudsman Transbaikalia.

“The latter, by the way, reliably knew about the facts of violence in relation to children, but for some reason he did not report this to the Russian Investigative Committee, but in the same orphanage where lawlessness was happening,” the UK was indignant in a press release.

A day later, on November 14, the department announced new affairs against the same teacher Smolina for cruelty to her six -year -old boy. Investigators learned that she put the child in a cage and instructed the senior pupils to take the boy in a large bag to the forest, where he was left alone. In the pedagogical arsenal, Smolina was not only fear, but also humiliation: she changed her preschooler in women's clothing and forced him to stand on a common line in this form.

On November 15, they detained the inquiry officer of the Internal Affairs Directorate of Chita Saltanov, who dragged a 15-year-old teenage girl by her hair, she was accused of abuse of powers. Things were also initiated in relation to two employees of the duty unit of the Internal Affairs Directorate Dmitry Budnikov and Vladimir Sarin, who for several hours closed the girl in the cell.

By November 16, eight more criminal cases of mockery of children appeared . The dismissed teacher Bair Budaev for failure to fulfill the duties of raising a minor was put on the wanted list. The acting director of the orphanage in the summer, Irina Greshilov, was suspected of negligence and removed from his post. Two orderlies of the regional psychiatric hospital No. 1, where the orphanages were taken, became accused of beating: “One of the orderlies hit an 11-year-old boy with a knee in the stomach, and then hit the boy against the wall, and the second orderly hit the same boy with his hand along the neck.”

Also among these eight cases are new accusations against the head of the summer camp Smolina: she tied the orphanages to the pillar, deprived them of food, water, doused and dipped her head into the water. So Smolina “raised” three boys - six, nine and eleven years old.

By November 25, only in relation to employees of the orphanage No. 1 due to cruel treatment of pupils, 16 criminal cases were instituted.

"Watching" for the orphanage

After the UK began to investigate what was happening in an orphanage, they began to put pressure on young victims and witnesses: they were convinced not to testify, otherwise the institution would be disbanded, and the children would find themselves on the street. According to the SDR, in the evening of November 9, two of his graduates came to the orphanage, the so -called “watching” - Evgeny Titov and a certain Zaitsev. Both have been convicted and are serving conditional sentences. The children told the “volunteers” that young people held “explanatory conversations” with them, and on the morning of the next day more adult “watching” joined the conversations. The pupils did not name their names, explaining that they were afraid because these people "can do anything." The orphanages were inspired that Smolin should be protected, because she was “its own”, and her methods of education helped graduates “become people”. The children began to be called "informers."

The chairman of the Transbaikal human rights center Anastasia Kopteeva, who has experience in communication with both graduates of local boarding schools and their employees, notes that the orders in the Trans -Baikal orphan institutions are similar to prison. Each orphanage really has “looking”. “These are former pupils who always keep in fear a younger generation. They (orphanages-MZ), firstly, are afraid of this. Secondly, if you go and file a complaint somewhere, even if it is justified, then by default you will be considered a snot. There are Zonovsky laws, and everyone follows them, this system must be destroyed fundamentally, ”said Kopteeva.

Kopteyeva says that “watchmen” reproduce and protect the system in which they grew up: children in such institutions are not prepared for independent life, and when they grow up, the time spent in the orphanage seems to them the best period of life, and the “upbringing” measures that they have encountered are perceived as the only correct ones.

According to human rights activists, suicide is not uncommon in Chita orphanages, but they can be silent, since human rights activists are simply not allowed into closed institutions. Kopteeva believes that violence in orphanage No. 1 was publicly publicized because no one expected human rights activity from volunteers: “I think they were allowed“ volunteers ”because they had more charitable goals, communication with children.”

The system is protected

The head of the SDR Lantratov says that the “volunteers” managed to attract attention to the situation in the orphanage only after she herself came from Moscow to Chita and began to collect children's certificates. “The central apparatus of the UK oversees this situation, we insisted on this. The check began and all the children confirmed the information. There were too many facts of bullying and not over one child, ”says Lantratova.

The teacher Elena Smolina is now under house arrest, while other employees of the orphanage No. 1 continue to work in their places. “The director Svetlana Bazelevich is now in the orphanage, checks are being conducted against her, but there is no business yet, including because it came relatively recently. Inspections are in relation to former employees and educators. But we were assured in the UK that all the children would be protected, ”Lantratov describes the situation.

The director Bazelevich also had claims: after the former employee of the institution and member of the SDR Kuzhikov helped one of the pupils to write an appeal to the Trans -Baikal Commissioner for the Rights of the Child, the director ordered not to let her into the orphanage. Now Kuzhikova continues to communicate with the orphanages. According to her, the pupils who testified are no longer subject to pressure. It is known that the boy, who was humiliated due to the rape experienced, was adopted. The 15-year-old girl who survived the bullying of the interrogator is in the center for difficult teenagers. Many of the injured children remain in the orphanage No. 1.

Anastasia Kopteeva intends to join one of the cases of cruel treatment with orphanages, but notes that this will not be easy: the permission to protect minors is issued by the director of the institution, who is simultaneously the head of suspected educators and the legal representative of injured children.

“We can’t just enter this matter in law, for this we need a power of attorney formalized on our lawyer. And such a power of attorney can only certify the leadership of the orphanage. But they are unlikely to go for it, because they are not interested in the children have independent defenders, ”Kopteeva explains.

The remaining children's orphanages complain that due to the “constant attention of various regulatory authorities” children became uncontrollable: for any reason they call the police, for example, after comments for smoking. In early December, employees of the orphanage turned to the deputy from the Communist Party Vladimir Pozdnyakov. The educators assured Pozdnyakov that their colleague Elena Smolin was “set up”. After a visit to the orphanage, the deputy sent a letter to the head of the UK Alexander Bastrykin asking him to intervene in the investigation.

The interrogator of Saltanova also does not admit guilt in violence against a teenage girl: she claims that the orphanage of the orphanage herself hit her on the forehead, as a result of which the police officer received a closed craniocar-brain injury. In court, she said that over a year she came to calls more than 50 times due to disorders of the teenager. Although Saltanov is accused of abuse of authority, the court refused to remove it from office, and decided to isolate the victim, sending it to the center of work with minors.

Meanwhile, in mid-November, the Ministry of Internal Affairs in Transbaikal reported that the 15-year-old pupil of the orphanage No. 1 came to one of the schools for the lesson and asked her familiar to leave the classroom. When the teacher made her a remark, the girl allegedly scolded her with obscene abuse. In the note, the press service of the Ministry of Internal Affairs did not fail to recall that the pupil of the orphanage is undergoing a victim in the case against a police officer.

"How to educate then?"

Entrepreneur Sergei Kolesnichenko, who grew up in one of the Chita orphanages and produced in 1984, says that the educators in those years applied power to their wards.

“We had problems of this nature, but after years I believe that the educators, maybe somewhere they went too far, but in some methods they were still right. Вы сами представьте: 45 человек в классе, и с каждым она (воспитательница — МЗ) управиться не может. Один убежал, второй убежал, третий куда-то убежал, а с нее же постоянно спрашивают. Пришла какая-то проверка, и эти 45 человек должны быть постоянно на месте или хотя бы в поле ее зрения. Что ей оставалось делать: взяла, дала по жопе, как полагается. А по жопе бить нельзя, хоть ремнем, хоть не ремнем. А как воспитывать тогда?» — говорит Колесниченко.

Он считает, что в детдоме №1 происходило нечто из ряда вон выходящее, раз появились уголовные дела. Рассказы о «смотрящих» Колесниченко удивили — когда он учился, такого не было, говорит предприниматель: «Я думаю, это новое веяние, после девяностых».

Бывший сотрудник одного из читинских детских интернатов, попросивший не упоминать его имени, называет ситуацию в детдоме №1 «исключительной», но говорит, что отдельные приемы «воспитания» из арсенала его сотрудников наблюдал и у себя на работе. Он считает невозможным изменить нынешнее отношение воспитателей к детям, при котором насилие не воспринимается как что-то недопустимое. Экс-педагог рассказал, что воспитанников, которые пытаются отстаивать свои права, из детдомов отправляют в краевую психбольницу №2, «откуда дети приезжают как овощи».

«Дети отстаивают свои права как могут, но впоследствии они всегда страдают. Сотрудникам, воспитателям, заведующим, директорам это же не нравится», — говорит бывший сотрудник детдома.

После скандала в детдоме №1 проверки начались и в других забайкальских интернатах, там тоже нашли нарушения. Сотрудники СК и члены Совета по правам человека с 23 по 25 ноября посетили интернаты в Чите, Агинском и Борзинском районах края. Старший помощник председателя СК Игорь Комиссаров после этих проверок заключил , что на подростков влияет криминальная субкультура, а причины преступности среди несовершеннолетних воспитанников детдомов — незанятость, употребление алкоголя и наркотиков, токсикомания.

В одном из интернатов — Комплексном центре обслуживания «Орловский» Агинского района Забайкалья — директор стал фигурантом уголовного дела о халатности и скоро предстанет перед судом. Следователи считают , что он недобросовестно исполнял свои обязанности, и в результате стало возможным преступление: восьмилетнюю девочку изнасиловал 16-летний двоюродный брат. Подросток состоял на учете у психиатра и нарколога, регулярно употреблял токсичные вещества и «совершал противоправные действия», но директор не организовал контроль за поведением воспитанника. Здоровью девочки причинен тяжкий вред, подростка обвинили в сексуальном насилии (пункт «б» части 4 статьи 131 УК и пункт «б» части 4 статьи 132 УК).