Where billionaires study

"It is assumed that education will give returns from the point of view of the subsequent career, that is, people get education as an economic good"

Most of the billionaires, according to Forbes magazine this year, studied at the Moscow Institute of Steel and Always. Five years ago, this university occupied the third place, in the first place among the 200 richest businessmen of Russia were graduates of Moscow State University. Lomonosov, then MGIMO.

MGIMO and MISIS have been competing for the first place for the first place in the ranking of the richest graduates. But if the success of international students can be explained by the high motivation or influential support of parents at the start, then the stable leadership of specialists from the Institute of Steel and Always deserves more close attention. The current advantage, however, in the press service of the university itself is associated with the economic crisis and the collapse of oil quotes.

Interestingly, in the ranking of the Ministry of Education, published last year, the largest income among graduates who studied in the specialty "Economics and Management" and received a legal education. The average salary of a graduate of the diplomatic Academy of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs is 97.5 thousand rubles, an academic legal institute - 108 thousand rubles. It should be noted here that it is in these humanitarian directions that for several years, budget places are being reduced.

Representatives of the IT industry can also count on good salaries. In the ministerial ranking, the highest school of the economy was the best in this category, but the study of the Superjob recruiting portal this year showed a different result . The first place was taken by the Moscow Physics and Technical Institute (MFTi), the second - the National Research Nuclear University "MEPHI", the third - Moscow State Technical University named after N.E. Bauman. True, the rating was built on the basis of comparing the average income of graduates of Russian universities in 2009-2014, and wages of graduates of universities living in Moscow were adjusted taking into account regional coefficients to the level of the Moscow labor market.

Does the university choose a modern labor market, the salaries of young specialists or the number of millionaire graduates of Radio Liberty were told by the director of the Institute of Information Business Systems MISIS Marina Nezhurina , VSHE VSHE Vice-Rector Sergei Roshchin , president of the Superjob recruiting portal Alexei Zakharov , National Rating of Universities Interfax. Alexey Chaplygin .

Marina Nezhurina , Director of the Institute of Information Business Systems NITU MISIS:

- It seems to me that first of all, success and wealth depend on the personal ambitions of a person and to realize these ambitions on his possibility. But, of course, the university brand is very important, as it helps to realize the plan. And I would also note another important element - an entrepreneurial, scientific, educational environment in which a student is “cooked”, it also contributes to the formation of successful people.

The billionaires who have left the walls are engaged in a variety of business, not necessarily specialized. On the other hand, at one time, especially in Soviet, metallurgy - it was "our everything." Metal science, precious metals, non -ferrous metals and gold - in these directions were trained at our university. And now information technologies have been added, according to which we are in the top ten.

They started in this direction in 2008, when they became the National Research University. The Institute of Information Business Systems was opened, which was then the only corporate institute of the Russian company. Now this project is already multi-partner, but then it was just a call in the IT industry. But we do not focus on a narrow -profile education, do not grow around the market, preparing one and specialists here and here. We just lay the foundation, what the employer requires.

Sergey Roshchin , VNE Vice -Rector:

- The Ministry of Education last year has done a very important thing: it has published information about the wages of graduates at the time of transition of the study-work. Moreover, these data were cleared of those who continued their studies, that is, bachelors were not considered, who went further to study for masters.

When we begin to compare some quantitative results and draw conclusions, we must understand what we measure at all. The first is a conversation about starting wages. Starting wages are a fairly interesting phenomenon. Because the starting wages arise when the employer practically does not know the prehistory of the employee. This is a situation that economists call information asymmetry in the labor market.

For 1 point of the exam during the cross comparison, 1.5% of the salary increase

What are the starting wages form from the first year after graduation? They are formed in response to some idea of what quality these graduates are. Naturally, the employer tests them from the point of view of a certain workplace, but what we usually call - a signal. For example, the name of the university. What, in turn, is the effect of the university from? It consists of the quality of education, from the quality of those who came to this university, from what is called joint effects of training, because strong students mutually invest in each other, etc.

We recently done analytical work, the first in Russia, where we looked at how the quality of the university is connected, if we measure it through the quality of the entrance, that is, measure the average USE score upon admission. And what are the starting wages of graduates. We received that 1,5% salary increases are underway for 1 point of the exam during the cross comparison. That is, if the gap as a university is approximately 20 points of the exam on receipt, then accordingly, the gap in the wages of graduates will be about 30%.

The question of why people receive this or that professional education - for consumer purposes, for pleasure or as some economic good, has already come out of the format of discussion. It is assumed that education will give returns from the point of view of the subsequent career, promotion, that is, people get education as an economic good. And it is legitimate to raise the question - what contribution of education does the work make work in the further professional life in the point of view of the position and from the point of view of wages. Another thing is that this must be approached carefully, not only to averaged everything, but to see how the university, personal abilities, gender indicators in the declared wage correlate.

Alexey Zakharov , President of the Superjob recruiting portal:

- The main claim of employers to universities that they did not teach a young specialist to think. However, there is some misunderstanding between the employer and the university. Because after school it is too late to teach a person to study. Moreover, already in high school is late, and in the middle classes too. Finally, the physiologists came up with children's psychologists and found out that at the moment when testosterone went into the blood, the genetic training program is turned off. From this moment on, a person cannot be taught anything if before that in elementary school and in early childhood parents did not laid any attitudes for training, for creativity. The educational revolution actually begins at school, first of all, in elementary grades. And there should change absolutely everything in the next 10 years. Universities will still be similar to universities, but the school will become completely different.

Universities will still be similar to universities, but the school will become completely different

When two more or less equal specialists come after graduation, they both do not know anything, and we look at the university brand, because there is some assumption, based on past experience, that this one will be faster, better than another. But when 5 years have passed after the release, a diploma, not a diploma - what's the difference. Show me what you did.

Moreover, if a person worked part -time while studying, say, a lawyer at McDonald's, the prize to the start salary will be 20%. And if he worked as a courier in a law firm, and by the 5th course he is already a courier, then the award will be 100-150% compared to those who graduated from the university, but did not work.

Alexey Chaplygin , Head of the Research Group National Rating of Universities Interfax:

- Although I am not a supporter of all universities to rank in order, including on graduates salaries, ratings are still needed. There is a wonderful European rating, but universities are not lined up there in the back of each other, but are presented as an information and analytical system, which allows you to choose the educational program, the direction of education, specialization and, accordingly, the university itself, college or higher school at this university. The same in the USA.

There is generally the dominance of information systems, despite the fact that there are also ratings of universities, faculties, everything. Plus a huge information and analytical system, which allows you to choose, including on future income. And the parents of the applicant, having seated several hours at the computer, can understand that their child may, after 4 years of the university, will repel the costs of training for 10 years, and then for 20 years will become, if not a billionaire, then at least a wealthy person.

success stories are not related to the received higher education

In Russia, a slightly distorted idea of all this, and most of the audience was used to getting information in the form of ratings. Who are the main consumers of the results of university ratings? These, of course, are potential applicants, that is, the families of these applicants, the academic community, and now the administration of universities, especially universities participating in the 5 -100 program. These, of course, are university founders, regulators and observation councils, well, employers. Although the latter are more likely to focus on university brands, on diplomas.

As for the success of the success of graduates of leading universities. In my opinion, these stories are in no way associated with the first level of higher education. If we return to the billionaires from MISIS, then here it matters, firstly, the atmosphere of creativity. At good universities, entrepreneurial initiatives, start-ups and everything that develops the ecosystems of innovation around itself should arise.

As for the Soviet and already existing history, this is rather the acquisition of social capital by students of these leading universities. Social capital primarily consists of informal, and formal ties. And they simply, by virtue of their talent and, possibly, obtained during the formation of competencies, begin to actively implement this social capital. But I would like to bring the words of Peter Diamandis here: "If you want to be a billionaire, make a billion people happy."