Police departments throughout Dagestan from afar and strictly ask subordinates about the number of “adherents of extremist ideology”. The people are called "vahuch", that is, Wahhabian accounting

Police departments throughout Dagestan from afar and strictly ask subordinates about the number of “adherents of extremist ideology”. The people are called "vahuch", that is, Wahhabian accounting

Filtration number

“I am a resident of the village of temporary, he adjoins the village of Gimra. My husband and I am Sufists ( the course of Islam, historically common in the Caucasus . - E. M. ). In 2014, the ATO regime (anti -terrorist operation) was announced in the Temporary village. We were kicked out of the house for two months. Two months, feds and local security forces were looted there. 16 houses were destroyed. It’s guilty - it’s not to blame, they didn’t look at anything. After we were kicked out of the house, I turned to different instances, and turned to Putin. And then I found out that I am on preventive accounting. Several times they called to take DNA. Each person from our village was forced to take pictures, took fingerprints and appropriated a filtration number. By these numbers, we enter the hymrs and leave the village. The checkpoint works from 7 am to 10 pm. Further commandant hour. You can’t leave or come to the village. Today there is an open -air prison. But we are not in a concentration camp. ”

This is the story of a resident of Dagestan Aminat Sudyanova at a meeting with members of the Council under the President of the Russian Federation on the development of civil society and human rights (HRC). The Aminat says that the police explained to her that she was registered as a relative of Suleiman Magomedov. NAC (National Anti -Terrorism Committee) considers Magomedov involved in the preparation of a suicide bomber who exploded a passenger bus in Volgograd (the attack occurred on October 21, 2013). The twenty -four -year -old Magomedov himself was blown up on November 23, 2013, laying an explosive device next to garbage tanks in Makhachkala. “Is it to blame that I am a relative of Suleiman Magomedov? If you take it, half a sequel Magomedov’s relatives or someone else. Do we have to bear collective responsibility for the acts of other people, ”the Aminat is perplexed.

In Dagestan, not only adults, but also young children are put on preventive records. Well, according to the type of "son of the enemy of the people." The data that the child stands in vocational school is sent to school or kindergarten. Last year, a resident of the city of Izbirbash Zarem Magomedova , whose husband was convicted of participation in the NVF (illegal armed formation), came and demanded to give him copies of the passport of Zarema and the birth certificate. The district police officer said that the police should have copies of documents of children of citizens convicted of “Wahhabitic articles”. Zarem gave her passport, and refused to issue documents for children. Then the other district police officer, from the area where her husband was registered, demanded to bring children to him for a preventive conversation, so that, as he put it, "the children did not follow in the footsteps of his father." By the way, the son of Zarema is two years old, and the daughters are four.

If the standing in the vocational school decides to leave his village or city, then at all his checkpoints he (or her) can be stopped for verification, delivered to the local police station, where they will persistently be interested in where and why he goes, what a family is in, which mosque goes, what is the income of the family. They will demand to show the phone with contacts, write down a gait on the video, remove fingerprints, take a blood test. At the same time, no accusations were charged to a person, there is no criminal case ... The police will explain all their actions by the detainee in the “Wahhabi list”.

A resident of Makhachkala Kamil Ibrahimov , who was released in 2014 after serving a sentence for participating in the NVF, after numerous numerous checks at the posts turned to the police with the question: when does the term of his professional accounting end? The police answered him that the deadline was expired in 2060, that is, after forty -six years.

There is different data about how many residents of Dagestan are in vocational school, but no exact. Even with officials. At a meeting with members of the HRC, the head of Dagestan Ramazan Abdulatipov called the figure - nine thousand people, and the Minister of Internal Affairs of Dagestan Abdurashid Magomedov speaks of 16 thousand. That is, the head of the republic and the head of the ministry call numbers that are about twice. However, for the three -million Dagestan that one figure, that the other is significant. But the most important thing is that massive, unreasonable productions of vocational school create greater nervousness in society and cause distrust of the population to the authorities of the republic.

“WHECHET”, or “adherents of extremist ideology”

“One day I and my brother, like the rest of the villagers ( s. Kirovaul, Kizilyurt district. - E. M. ), took the police department,” recalls Magomedsaigid Saigidov . - My brother and I refused to take DNA, and the rest did not refuse, they all took samples from all of them and let go home. And we were detained until 12 in the morning, threatened with reprisal, they said that they would throw drugs, that we would not leave there. We were afraid for our lives and for the family, because we have a big family, children. I had to agree. No receipts that we took DNA samples were given to us. Back in 2014, I was stopped at the Kizilyurt post and said that I was registered. I say: "On what basis?" "In 2004, you were registered." And in ten years they have been presented to me. When I was registered, I was generally in Turkey, I worked ... "

So, on the basis of which law are thousands of residents of Dagestan put on a vocational school? And there is no law. By the way, neither the order of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation dated December 31, 2012 No. 1166 “Issues of the organization of the activities of district authorities”, nor the order of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation of January 17, 2006 No. 19 “On the activities of internal affairs bodies to prevent crimes” do not allow police to take DNA samples, shoot a person’s video, record his voice, etc. That is, to do everything that the inhabitants of Dagestan complain about.

In this case, Dagestan police officers act only by order of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Republic of Dagestan dated October 29, 2013 No. 32/105 “On the activation of activities to register adherents of extremist ideology”. And then the leaders of the police departments throughout Dagestan issued their, local orders and strictly ask subordinates about the number of “adherents of extremist ideology”.

The people are called "vahuch", that is, Wahhabian accounting. For low reporting figures - dismissal. Some of the former police officers are trying to appeal their dismissal, explaining that they carried out prevention and registered, but selectively. However, the court, even the Supreme of the Republic of Dagestan, does not suit this.

For example, in one of the rulings of the Supreme Court of the Republic of Dagestan, a complaint filed by the police in connection with his dismissal, it is said that “the plaintiff did not fulfill the requirement of paragraph 1.1 of the order of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Republic of Dagestan dated October 29, 2013 No. 32/105 ( it is this order that this order also appears in all court decisions on the claims for the withdrawal from the trade union, because there was no one in the open access of the text of the document . E.M. ) and the instructions of the head of the department for the adoption of exhaustive measures for the regulation of adherents of extremist ideology. ”

With this approach, the leadership and fear of employees of the Ministry of Internal Affairs to lose the work of the “extremists” will only be more. If, for example, a resident of Dagestan left, for example, to Syria, but did not stand in a professional science, then this is unambiguously regarded by the local Ministry of Internal Affairs as an emergency, and the district police officer will certainly wait for the punishment. Therefore, they are reinsured, registering even for wearing a beard. By the way, according to the head of Dagestan Ramazan Abdulatipov, about 650 inhabitants of the republic have left for Syria over the past two years.

At a meeting with Ramazan Abdulatipov, where the Minister of Internal Affairs of Dagestan Abdurashid Magomedov also attended, members of the HRC said that the vocational school, existing in Dagestan, is "anti -constitutional, that he limits the rights of citizens on the basis of departmental instructions, and this is a crime." The head of the Ministry of Internal Affairs Magomedov suggested that the prosecutor’s office and the court dissatisfied him. To the remark of the members of the Council that this is impossible to do, since the order of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, on the basis of which the inhabitants of Dagestan are put on a professional science, is not published and, as it were, no, the minister replied: “We work on the basis of different documents. Some of them are published, some are not published. ” And moreover: “All preventive accounts, according to the minister, are produced in the Republic of Dagestan in accordance with regulatory documents of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation. Not a single person is registered with his religious beliefs. We are in a state of terrorist threat and prevent everyone who falls into the field of view of the Ministry of Internal Affairs and who may in this regard commit an offense or crime. ”

Magomedov became the Minister of Internal Affairs of Dagestan in 2010. The order in question was published in 2013. So this is an anti -constitutional, according to members of the HRC, the order is fully the brainchild of the current Minister of Internal Affairs of the Republic of Dagestan.

The editors of Novaya Gazeta sent an official request to the head of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation, Vladimir Kolokoltsev, with a request to inform the newspaper readers, how legally and legitimate the disposal of the Dagestan Minister on the professional science. After all, Minister Magomedov claims that they conduct vocational schools in the republic in accordance with regulatory documents of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia. By the way, the Deputy Prime Minister Dagestan Ramazan Dzhafarov (Major General of the FSB in retired), present at the meeting, actively supported the Minister of Magomedov, saying that vocational school is legally carried out, he is necessary and will be held further.

COMMENT

Andrey Babushkin,

Member of the HRC

- A professional science was introduced back in 1972 by the Minister of Internal Affairs of the USSR Nikolai Anisimovich Shchelokov. Ten years later, in 1982, the Institute of Pheds was introduced in relation to prisoners.

To date, there are two regulatory acts that provide for preventive accounting. In the FSIN this is an order of the 333rd, it was adopted in 2012 and applies only to prisoners. The second document is an order of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation of January 17, 2006 No. 19 “On the activities of internal affairs bodies to prevent crimes”. It provides for preventive accounting for five categories of persons: 1) persons who are under administrative supervision. This is a supervision of those who were released from places of imprisonment if they were especially dangerous recidivists, or if they were convicted of crimes against minor children, or if the colony insisted on putting them under administrative supervision; 2) persons who have an unexpressed and outstanding criminal record for serious and especially serious crimes that are not under administrative supervision; 3) persons involved in a serious crime or for a crime in the field of extremism, in respect of which the criminal case was terminated on non -rehabilitating grounds; 4) persons who have committed crimes against children, an extremist family, but not taken into custody; 5) persons in respect of whom operational development is underway under the Law on the ARD (operational-search activity), if there is no criminal case, but operational work is underway. In all five cases of preventive accounting, a legal substantiation of human setting for preventive accounting is required. The manage of a person on vocational education without legal justification is the excess of official powers, Article 286 part 1 in its classical terms, up to four years in prison.

As for photographing, it is also applicable only to a certain category of persons: these are persons brought to criminal liability, these are persons convicted of imprisonment, these are persons brought to administrative responsibility for the offenses providing for administrative arrest, and these are persons delivered to the internal affairs bodies who gave consent to photography.

Now dactyloscopy. There are 12 categories of persons subject to compulsory fingerprint: these are police officers, FSB officers, persons convicted of imprisonment, etc. And these are also completely legally defined categories.

The Minister of Internal Affairs of the constituent entity of the Federation has no right to issue a professional science. The new law on the police does not have the very concept of “professional science”, there is “crime prevention” there. Professor is just one of the mechanisms of such a prevention.

Where is the prevention?

“Recently I was called to record a model of my voice,” says Deputy Imam for Relations with Public Organizations of the Mosque. Usman (Khasavyurt) Zauldym Zajuldymov . - There were sent by business workers from Moscow, from the Center for Extremism. I did not even know that I was standing on a professional science. And they tell me that yes, standing - since 1999. I say: I don't understand how I got there? From 1993 to 2002 I lived in Moscow and worked on publishing.

I want to go to profiles as a specialist-pedagogue. A vocational school means that it is necessary to conduct preventive work with each of these 10 thousand people registered. In the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Dagestan, which is conducted by vocational school, after reduction, somewhere around 20-25 thousand workers. That is, each has 0.4-0.5 people who are in vocational school. I asked them the question: “If since 1999 I have been on the vocational school, why did not a single employee come to me during this time or someone in the educational part has come up and began to carry out preventive work with me?” They didn’t tell me for what reason I was put on a professional science and what I should do to be deregistered. These employees of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, who put on preventive accounting, receive a salary, rewards for this - do not carry out any preventive work.

There is another point. Professor creates a big problem for those guys who want to travel beyond the republic to feed their family. After all, there is great unemployment here, in Dagestan. And many guys leave. Here the other day they call me: “Can you solve the issue? A man went to Sochi to earn money with a construction team. He was removed right in front of the Stavropol border, they said: “You are going through an extremist, you are on a professional science, we don’t let you out outside the republic, go home.” And sent back to Dagestan. ”

Some residents of Dagestan are trying through the court to get out of the professional account. There are few such things, but they are. For example, on February 18, 2016, the Supreme Court of Dagestan upheld the decision of the Derbent City Court, who obliged the head of the Ministry of Internal Affairs for Derbent to exclude a local resident Madin ( the name changed ) from the lists of adherents of Wahhabism. Six years ago, in her VAZ-2107 car, her husband, along with two fellow travelers who, as it turned out later, on the wanted list, was killed by law enforcement agencies. “In this regard,” the court decision says, “her husband was automatically attributed to the list of adherents of Wahhabism.”

Madina repeatedly demanded that the Ministry of Internal Affairs familiarize her with the materials available on her, on the basis of which she was put on preventive accounting after four years after her husband’s death. Police officers did not respond to these appeals.

Madina was registered as a religious extremist, although she leads a secular lifestyle, does not make a prayer, does not go in Muslim clothes. He says that she had never seen her husband made a prayer. It has two higher education. She was a senior accountant and chief of the credit department in banks, since January 2015 he has been working as a secretary of the justice of the peace. The child of Madina, who was also put on a professional science, was only six months old when his father was killed.

As a result, the court of Derbent was recognized as “illegal and unreasonable, the actions of officials of the Russian Ministry of Internal Affairs in Derbent” were recognized. The court ordered the head of the Ministry of Internal Affairs to exclude Madin "from the lists of persons of adherents of Wahhabism; To exclude it from the database and terminate it with preventive work related to the call to the Department of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation, the delivery of analyzes, receiving her photographs, taking her child for preventive accounting. ”

The struggle for the mosque

In Khasavyurt, on a round table with HRC members, many local residents complained about registration for religious reasons, although, as we recall, the head of the Dagestan Ministry of Internal Affairs at a meeting with members of the HRC denied this. “Now not just parishioners are delayed, but these actions are already being taken against the imams, the leaders of the Councils of mosques,” says Idris Yusupov , journalist of the Dagestan newspaper New Delo. - And thus, fabricating criminal cases, the community is deprived of leaders, and then on the grounds that there is no leader, the Ministry of Internal Affairs closes the mosque. The spiritual center also closes without any court decisions, without documents, police come, brew doors or put up a police outfit and do not let people pray. ”

Речь идет, например, об известной в Дагестане мечети «Ан-Надирийя» в Махачкале, которую силовики считают оплотом радикализма. Здание мечети — это частный дом Магомеда Хачилаева, родного брата Надиршаха Хачилаева, депутата Госдумы, которого дагестанские власти в мае 1998 года обвинили в захвате Госсовета Дагестана. Надиршах Хачилаев погиб в результате покушения в 2003 году, а его брат Магомед был убит в 2000 году. Частное домовладение Хачилаевых является самой известной салафитской мечетью Дагестана (салафиты — исламские фундаменталисты). Сейчас у мечети стоят полицейские с автоматами и никого к зданию не подпускают. Поскольку мечеть находится в частном доме, то сын Надиршаха Хачилаева — Муртазали пытался оспорить закрытие мечети в Советском суде Махачкалы. Однако, как сказал Муртазали Хачилаев на встрече с членами СПЧ, суд отказался принимать исковое заявление против республиканского МВД, обвиняя прихожан мечети в пособничестве в терроризме. «Я не подвергался профучету, но могу сказать, что, когда я выхожу из дома на улицу и иду пешком, ни одного дня почти не было, чтоб меня не остановил сотрудник. Меня мои родители воспитывали не для того, чтобы я рос как раб и боялся лишний раз на улицу выходить», — говорит Муртазали Хачилаев .

В мае этого года был арестован пресс-атташе мечети на ул. Венгерских Бойцов в Махачкале Магомед Магомедов. Местные силовики эту мечеть также считают одним из центров распространения радикального ислама. В мае прошлого года популярный проповедник этой мечети Надир Медетов (Надир абу Халид) сбежал из-под домашнего ареста (он был арестован якобы за ношение оружия) и уехал в Сирию, где присягнул на верность лидеру ИГ (организация, запрещенная в РФ). Сторонники Магомедова уверены, что арест пресс-атташе во многом был связан с тем, что он обращался в прокуратуру с заявлениями на сотрудников МВД, которые в апреле в пьяном виде и в обуви заходили в мечеть и требовали от прихожан поехать с ними в отделение. «В эту мечеть каждую пятницу наведывались представители правоохранительных органов. И по этому поводу он писал в прокуратуру», — говорит брат Магомеда Магомедова, Тагир Магомедов .

Арестованного Магомедова мы видели в СИЗО Махачкалы. Он рассказал, что официально его обвиняют в том, что якобы при себе он хранил спайс и гранату. «Когда мне на голову надели пакет, то сотрудники сказали: «Это тебе за то, что ты давал интервью «Дождю» (телеканалу) и «Новому делу» (дагестанскому еженедельнику)». На следующий день после отъезда СПЧ из Дагестана Магомедов решением суда был переведен под домашний арест.

Если раньше правоохранители задерживали людей прямо на выходе из мечети после пятничной молитвы (когда собирается максимальное количество верующих), то теперь, по многочисленным свидетельствам верующих, обратившихся к СПЧ, тактика поменялась. Прихожанам дают разойтись по соседним улицам и переулкам, где к ним подходят люди в штатском, задерживают, по два-три человека сажают в машины, отвозят в полицию, где держат по три-четыре часа, берут отпечатки пальцев, фотографируют, расспрашивают о связях и ставят на учет.

В 2015 году имамы двух мечетей Дагестана были убиты неизвестными. Один имам был из суфийской мечети, а второй — из салафитской. The killers have not yet been found. За последнее время в Дагестане было закрыто по меньшей мере 13 мечетей, в том числе салафитские мечети в махачкалинском поселке Шамхал и «Северная» в Хасавюрте. Для силовиков салафиты — это потенциальные террористы, ваххабиты.

Имама мечети «Северная» в Хасавюрте осудили якобы за хранение гранатомета. Через несколько дней после закрытия «Северной» председатель совета имамов Хасавюрта, имам мечети «Восточной» Магомед Магомеднабиев, один из самых уважаемых салафитских имамов Дагестана, который последовательно и умеренно выступал против насилия, против ухода молодежи в «лес» и отъезда на Ближний Восток, в своей пятничной молитве обратился к прихожанам с речью, в которой правоохранительные органы обнаружили признаки преступления по ст. 205.2 (публичные призывы к осуществлению террористической деятельности) и ч. 1 ст. 282 (возбуждение ненависти либо вражды) УК РФ. В обвинительном заключении сказано, что в проповеди Магомеднабиева «имелись слова и высказывания, содержащие призывы к оправданию терроризма, а также направленные на возбуждение ненависти и вражды <…> к социальной группе (представители власти и правоохранительных органов, коммунисты)». В 2011 году в Постановлении Пленума Верховного суда РФ № 11 «О судебной практике по уголовным делам о преступлениях экстремистской направленности» говорится, что пределы допустимой критики в отношении должностных лиц должны быть шире, чем в отношении обычных граждан. Кроме того, во многих судебных экспертизах по экстремистским делам сказано, что органы власти не являются социальной группой, а в отношении правоохранительных органов в одной из экспертиз написано так: «Сотрудники полиции не являются социальной группой — ни большой, ни реальной, ни номинальной». Но в Дагестане суды и следствие по-прежнему считают власть и правоохранителей особыми социальными группами.

При посещении членами СПЧ Магомеднабиева в СИЗО Махачкалы он пожаловался на то, что в день поступления в изолятор был сильно избит. «У меня вся нижняя часть туловища была в синяках. Ходить не мог. Сильно почки болели. В изоляторе меня било человек шесть. Руками, ногами, спецсредствами. Заставляли встать перед ними на колени. Требовали признательных показаний». Наличие побоев, «кровоподтеки темно-синего цвета» зафиксированы в медкарте Магомеднабиева, с которой мы ознакомились с его письменного согласия. «Вред здоровью не нанесен», — записано тем не менее в акте о телесных повреждениях.

* * *

На встрече с членами СПЧ в Хасавюрте выяснилось, что на профучет теперь ставят не только салафитов, но и суфистов, исповедующих течение ислама, исторически распространенное на Кавказе. Хотя официальные представители духовенства уверяли, что никого, кто придерживается традиционного ислама, в республике не притесняют.

Да, в Дагестане, как почти на всем Северном Кавказе, есть подполье, есть ваххабиты, для которых война за веру с «неверными» и «плохими» мусульманами стала священной; есть молодежь, которая подвержена влиянию исламистских радикалов, у которой нет работы и перспектив обеспечить себе жизнь. Но ставить всех повально на профилактический учет — это не только не рационально, но противозаконно и антиконституционно. Ничего, кроме озлобления, ухода в лес или отъезда на воюющий Ближний Восток, это не вызовет.

Даже представитель официального духовенства в лице Омарасхаба Умалаева , председателя совета имамов города Хасавюрта, на встрече с членами СПЧ вынужден был признать: «Я знаю, что пострадали люди без вины».