Translated material
Between "Agon" and "Arieta"
Historian and sociologist Yuri Topper continues to excursion into the history of modern Olympism
The historian and sociologist Yuri Topper continues to excursion into the history of modern Olympism. The beginning is here , here , here , here , here ,here and here .
“Oh sport! You are a challenge! You demand a struggle. You say - you have to dream. You have to dare. You have to dare. You convince, demand, order. You call people to measure your strength. Overcome yourself.
About sport! You are nobility! You proclaim: if someone reaches the goal, misleading their comrades, reaches fame with the help of low, dishonest techniques, suppressing a sense of shame in himself, he deserves a shameful epithet, which will become inseparable with his name. Three times sweet victory, won in a noble honest struggle. "
Pierre de Cuberten is an optimist. "Olympism is able to create a school of moral dignity and purity, a school of physical endurance and energy."
There are genuine heroes of Odes.
Yuri Vlasov:
"... I create rude and ineffective. But after all, the rude and ineffective does not mean ugly. The joy of people, the joy that has just overwhelmed the hall, convinces of this.
I close my eyes and spread my muscles. The body, like a whip, hangs limp. Moving lips. I read Verkharna's favorite poems. Ritual. He wakes me up and helps me to gather ... "The blood of your fathers and grandfathers flows out in you. To become strong as they are not destined for you. Having life and happiness, without leaning, you will, as a sick, look through the window. And the skin will quarrel, and the muscles will weaken, and boredom will eat into the flesh, the desires of the throat. And the dreams of your skull. The mirrors will look at you.
Volleyball match Iran - Russia
"Volleyball ... A game from which the heart is dying. A game in which thought is throbbing, a feverish, hot, working in constant usual mode. Game where everything is built on deceit (enemy) and where everything is without deception (for spectators). Game without rudeness, cruelty and violence. Game for a while to forget about an uncomfortable world behind a rectangular net sites ".
"The champion gives rise to what a person has inside - desires, dreams, goals.
Anyone who is not bold enough to take risks, will not achieve anything in life. "
Johnny Weir , "skater of the year" (2008, 2010):
“During training, we cry, we are annoyed, we kick the walls, spit, throw things. But people never see this, because we are on ice - shining snow angels.
Alex Ferguson - coach of the football club "Manchester United":
"Never allow success to change you - no one respects such people."
Sociologist V. Kaufman:
"Sport requires a person to test himself in order to find out if his dreams will come true. Dignity, self -control, courage and courage will remain a game of imagination if they do not appear during the corresponding competitions that can turn the abstract into concrete."
World record holder Ron Clark:
About sport! You are nobility! You proclaim: if someone reaches the goal, misleading their comrades, reaches fame with the help of low, dishonest techniques, suppressing a sense of shame, he deserves a shameful epithet, which will become inseparable with his name
“When we break through, struggling with pain and exhaustion, to a new record, we seem to open new lands. We know that hundreds of others are equal to us and lag behind us into a trifle, and yet there is a charm in being the first.
The genuine heroes of the "Oda" are paralympic. "It doesn’t matter what you lost, the main thing is that you have!" This is a call for everyone.
The areas of the maximum calls are not only stadiums and gyms.
Pierre de Cuberten proposed awarded by the Olympic cups of participants in the best climbing climbing. In 1924, the IOC high award was awarded to the expedition to Everest. "But in 1928, we were forced to refuse to present this prize, and, I think, we made a big and serious mistake."
Super Marathon is all that exceeds the officially approved distance of 42 kilometers of 195 meters. Under the auspices of the International Athletics Federation, competitions for 50, 100 kilometers and daily run are held. World achievements in daily running: men, Janis Kuros (Greece) - 303, 506 km; Women, Mami Kudo (Japan) - 255, 303 km.
The author of the Odes returned from ancient times the ideal of a combination of the competition of Agon and Arenet - the desire to constantly improve, surpass himself.
The ancient Greek poet Simonid Keoskoy:
"To become a truly valiant husband -
Equally fast and strong,
And reasonable, in all impeccable -
A very difficult matter. "
However…
Mohammed Ali arrives in Kinshasa, 1974
T. Veblen, a contemporary of Cuberten, reproached him for excessive romanticism. "Courage, courage, a sense of elbow, courage, tolerance and other commendable virtues automatically arise during tense sports training? The sport has a barbaric element. In barbarians, courage manifests itself in two ways: as violence and deception. To varying degrees, both of these barbaric forms of courage are represented in the modern war, in the financial sphere and in sports."
About the same - culturologist Johan Hayzing:
"Sports in the current public life take place aside from the cultural processes that go outside of it. Sports are more likely an independent expression of agonal instincts than a factor in a fruitful sense of solidarity."
R. Clark. "Elusive moments":
"Two accusations that have fallen to my share are especially cruel: this is, firstly, that I am lacking the" instinct of the killer ", and secondly, that I do not experience really competition and, in particular, defeat."
Philosopher T. Adorno:
"Modern sport is trying to return the body to the body selected by his car. However, he does this so that there is even more inexorable to accustom a person to serve the car. He purposefully likes the body to the car. Therefore, the sport belongs to the kingdom of lack of freedom, wherever it spread."
Finally, Kuberten himself:
"Sports can cause both the most noble and the smallest feelings, it can develop disinterestedness and greed, can be generous and corrupt; finally, it can be used to strengthen peace or prepare for war."
"Agon" and "ARETO" - a problem ...
Let us turn to what is happening. In the 70-80s, British fans became the heroes of the strange "agon" in football stands. What was it? A dashing "joke" in support of your favorite team? Psychologists state: there is a reset of well done aggressiveness. Sociologists discuss the features of new informal groups.
One of the founders of the All -Russian Association of Fans, Andrei Malosolov, writes:
"They resort to well-coordinated tactics, wear their emblems, which confirm their belonging to a particular group , and place fighting on the Internet. Many large fan organizations in Russia have their own Internet sites."
The absurd " areet" is a pathological "desire to constantly improve, surpass yourself" ... and another toy in the hands of politicians?
A flash of barbarism at the current European Football Championship is record.
Russian fans at the games in Sochi
The Financial Times writes: "Russia differs in that the nationalist hatred of the fans and their feeling that they are at war with the rest of the world, firstly, are consonant with official moods-and besides, secretly, and sometimes in the public are supported by the authorities."
Igor Lebedev, the Vice Speaker of the State Duma and a member of the RFU Executive Committee, said on his Twitter: "I do not see anything terrible in the fight of fans. On the contrary, our guys are well done. Keep it up!"
Later Lebedev franks in an interview: "Football fans in nine out of ten cases come to the match to fight, and this is a normal situation. The guys defended the honor of the country and did not allow the British to somehow desecrate our homeland."
You won’t understand what is more here - call, nobility or absurdity.
Almost forty years have existed under UNESCO, the International Fair Play Committee.
The creators of the organization proclaimed five principles of fair game:
- observe equal conditions for the struggle;
- Consciously abandoned a dishonest victory;
- voluntarily obey the rules and traditions;
- Respecting the enemy, do not harm his physical and mental health;
- An honest game in sports is a value guideline for other areas of society.
Every year, the committee awards two prizes named after Pierre de Cubertin. The prize "For a noble gesture" is intended for an athlete "showing an outstanding example of an honest game, or for a noble act, committed in fulfillment of the written and unwritten rules or out of humane motives." The prize "For nobility throughout the sports career" is especially honorable.
Unfortunately, I was not able to find detailed information about the Olympians - the nominees of UNESCO. The fencer-olimpionicik Eduardo Manjarotti, the record holder-Eatlet Igor Ter-Ovanesyan. In 1991, the prize "For nobility throughout the sports career" was awarded to the Russian skier of Raisa Smetanin, who won eight gold, eight silver and five bronze medals at the World and Olympic Games. The genuine heroine of Agon and Arieta!
I think that in the modern Olympism of fighters for the "Pierre de Cuberten trophies" there are not so many.
Will the heroes of the honest game Olympic Rio become?