Forget Lukak?

An interesting message came from Hungary: the Budapest authorities decided to dismantle the monument to Dierdy Lucac , within the framework of the decommunization and destruction of the former ideological symbolism in the country. Lukak makes us recall the posthumous fate of Voltaire, who was either introduced or taken out of the pantheon. The stormy life of Lukak continues after his death. Moreover, people who know people have no confidence that the current disgrace is final and that the fate of Lukaca resolutely determined.

Dierdy (Georg) Lukach-a Hungarian-German philosopher-Marxist, who declared himself before the First World War. During the Hungarian Soviet Revolution of 1919, he was the Commissioner for Culture. He emigrated to the Soviet Union, where he occupied a not very high but still noticeable place, in particular, the editor of the journal "Literary Critic", in which Andrei Platonov actively printed. The author of several fundamental articles in the then, 1930s, literary encyclopedia. He was a real (albeit shadow) author of the concept of "socialist realism." In Russian, at the end of the thirties, his book was published about artistic realism, generally silent, but which became the real Bible of later "thawing" Soviet litcritics. After the war, he returned to Hungary, and during the 1956 uprising was made by the Minister of Culture in the government of Imre Nadia. Nadi was executed, but Lukak survived and, continuing to live in socialist Hungary, was printed a lot in the West, deserved the glory of the living most of the Marxist theorists. However, Nikolai Berdyaev also appreciated it in the early thirties in the book "The origins and meaning of Russian communism." And - Last but not Least - Lukak is glorified in fiction: in Thomas Mann’s novel “Magic Mountain” (1922) in the image of Jesuit Nafta, preaching the new Middle Ages, which will build the proletariat under the leadership of the Catholic Church. What made the great German writer see in this Marxist a medieval fanatic, preaching the proletarian terror for the glory of God?

Lukak spoke, popped up, exposed the hidden secret of Marxist communism

You need to take a closer look at the Marxism that was represented by Lukak. This is a very high -wide performance. The proletariat in the interpretation of Lucac is a certain total subject that overcame the original sin of bourgeois individualism. Private property gave rise to bourgeois individualism, thereby perverting the main forms of culture, consciousness and social being. In philosophy, this created the dualistic model of subject-object knowledge, which has split the holistic picture of the world. The subject of knowledge in such a philosophy is a bourgeois individualist, that is, a partial subject. Marxism in the concept of the proletariat creates a new subject - collective, total. But this is not just a cognitive, but also an active subject that actively transform being in its total composition. He will create collective forms of life, so characteristic of the era of the Middle Ages, who did not know the individual from the total integrity of the individual. Lucac himself did not use the term "Middle Ages", but he was remembered by every who wrote about Lucaca - both Thomas Mann and Berdyaev. Berdyaev called his book in 1924 - "New Middle Ages", referring to the program and practice of Soviet communism, which eradicated individualism, human rights and creating the total organization of public life and culture. Communism in the interpretation of Berdyaev is a perverted religious society, not theocracy, but satanocracy. But in such a turn of history, Berdyaev was inclined to overcome the overcoming of a secular, individualistic, bourgeois culture, a certain - in the long term - a good turn, because the concept of Satan is still a religious concept, from satanocracy the path to God is closer than from secular democracy. (The judgment is at least controversial.)

It is impossible, speaking of Lucaca, not to recall the fate of the term "socialist realism." Lukak said the main one in the article "Roman" in the same literary encyclopedia of the thirties. Roman is a bourgeois epic, repeats Lukak after Hegel, that is, the substitution of epic collectivist mythical consciousness and the corresponding epic hero by a bourgeois individual, immersed in small but impassable jungle of private existence. The era of the masses, which came with proletarian socialism, will require a new epic hero acting as a national leader. This is not just the return of literature to the myth, but also the project of the phenomenon that is called the personality cult.

That is, in general, Lucac gave the most adequate description of the ideology and practice of Marxist socialism. And such an adequate could not like the "new class" who had just experienced a totalitarian dictator who had just survived in the USSR. Lukak spoke, slipped out, exposed the hidden secret of Marxist communism . He was not a “politician”, he was interested in the truth, and he managed to show the truth of Marxism, that is, it was not suitable for it for one or another matter, but its very essence, an approaching, unconscious. He can, like Freud, be called the devil's lawyer.

That's why the big and bitter irony is hiding behind the current decision of the Hungarian authorities to get rid of Lukach, to forget about him. The irony is that just now a certain turn to the practice, which almost a hundred years ago, was called the New Middle Ages, has now indicated. We mean a very tangible populist conservatism, which appeared such facts as Brexit or the election of Trump. After all, this is also a reaction to excess forms of the latest individualism, which divides society into fundamentally marginal groups, the fact that high -rise Columnists have already become called the Identity Politics. And not very high -loving are already ready to call such opposing reactions a new Middle Ages.