Try to understand the "Shelest"

These people themselves call themselves “Totalniki” - totally blinded. But in Russia they are, as it were, they are not. For the state, in official documents, you can be disabled by hearing or vision. At the same time - no

We help the house of the deaf -golnuh collected 1,435 153 R required 1,351,750 r

The collection of funds is over

On the computer’s screen is a thick marf and a poem - stupid, completely not memorable. These are usually read in kindergartens on all sorts of "holidays of spring", something about a sunny day, a breeze, a fungus. There are not so many words with the “surk”. Alevtina, Alya, an elderly woman with bright blue eyes carefully leads a finger along the Braile line of the computer console. He freezes in the middle, grabs the hand of Konstantin, his teacher, screams, gestures. He also runs his hand along the line, then calmly strokes Alya on the shoulder: “That's right, right!”

Ala brings his fingers to her mouth and moves them slightly.

Konstantin again strokes her on the shoulder: "That's right, rightly, rustles!" Alevtina reads the line: "A quiet rustle of the breeze." She can feel one word - “wind”, the word “rustle” and “quiet” woman understands, but does not feel.

Ala is blind. I am sitting a meter from her, but she does not know that I'm in the room. Such as Alevtina are called "total deaf -blind." These are people with a complete deprivation of all life opportunities. People who themselves call themselves "Totalniki."

First lesson: computer science

There is no deaf -blind in Russia. There is a Sergius-Posad boarding house of deaf-blind people for children and young people with disabilities, there is a Sarapul enterprise Promtekhnika, where people with disabilities and hearing work at the same time, there is a house of blinded in Puchkov, where Konstantin and Alevtina and I are sitting in a training class. But for the state, in official, documentary categories, you can be disabled by hearing or disabled person. At the same time - no.

Alevtina and teacher on computer literacy Nina Photo: Daria Kozyreva for TD

“I myself realized what deaf -louder is not so long ago, although I talked with them back in Soviet times,” says Konstantin Vladimirovich. Now he is teaching the most difficult wards of the house of deaf -blind people, and earlier he was the chairman of the Committee of the All -Russian Society of the Blind at the enterprise, which made Electronics calculators. - We had more than a dozen people at our factory, there was a foreman who heard a little. We did not communicate with the rest, because it was not very clear how to do it. Only in my memory, four blind men at our enterprise jumped out the window. ”

"Only in my memory, four blind men at our enterprise jumped out the window"

The prefix in the hands of Alevtina is called the "Braille display." The device “grasps” the computer written on the screen and translates to a relief-point tactile font. Any banner jumping a string of advertising, a picture is a problem. In order to open a browser, save something in the folder, answer, special teams have been invented. But Alevtina just recalls how to read, so he repeats the children's poem about the groundhog. Very many Braille's blind man who is poorly knows. If the vision went later than the rumor, the font has to be taught to adults, it is difficult to maintain a constant reading skill. There is not enough literature on the Brail, to get it not in Moscow is a whole thing. Alevtina arrived in Puchkovo from Izhevsk.

First of all, Yuri from Tambov, another “Totelnik”, came for the opportunity to read here. The translator explains who I am and what my name is.

“Hello, Nastya! You have a very strong shock, you are probably bold, it's useful for a journalist. ”

I don't know what to ask. All questions seem inappropriate, I always get down to a third party, although I speak with a person who sits opposite me: “Ask Yuri ...”, “And he succeeds ...”, “What he loves ...” Yuri answers the translator, but when I ask a question that he cannot hear in my direction.

Yuri, Totally blinded photo: Daria Kozyreva for TD Yuri loves to read. In the break between classes, reads a book photo: Daria Kozyreva for TD

He says that he likes to read more than anything. What does it read? Tales about ordinary life, biographies of great people, the history of the Great Patriotic War. He also loves ancient history, but not all words understand, and it is difficult to find an explanation, it is angry. Yuri's hands are trembling, it is doubly difficult to study, but he again and again reprints the line from the book on his knees on the Braille display. He knows that somewhere there, behind the typos, behind the screen of his laptop-thousands and hundreds of thousands of books that will never print Braille. The prefix in real time will translate any of them into a language that is understandable to Yuri.

Second lesson: Cutual language

"Lyuba, Sasha, have you trained?"

Inessa, Tiflosurdor -translator and lecturer of the brutal language, flies into a small hall. She does everything quickly - she puts me the third chair, helps to sit down to the invisible Sasha, takes a sip of tea from thermal circle. Three hours before work and three hours from work, a permanent situational translation for all wards of the house of deaf -blind, lessons. On weekends, she also translates in church services. Hard? Well, of course it’s hard, but the blind and deaf know that Inessa herself goes to the temple, you can’t refuse.

Who are the SurDo -translators, you probably know from childhood. Parents watch the news, and in the lower right corner - the second leading facial expressions and gestures translates what has been said.

Tiflosurdo -translators - those who translate for blind men with a special dactic (finger) method, palm in the palm of your hand, “in the hand”. Inessa station wagon - for those who see poorly, she shows gestures close to face, right before her eyes, speaks quieter or louder for those who lose their hearing.

Love (weakly visible and hard of hearing) and Alexander (hearing loss and blindness) study the language of gestures photo: Daria Kozyreva for TD

Lyuba and Sasha, her today's students, no longer see, their hearing worsens every day. When it disappears, the communication channel with the outside world will be one, the one that Inessa gives them now.
- Lyuba, I will tell you “in the hand” in the way, and you say aloud.

-K-a-k-o-e-a-o-s l-y ... oh, I forgot the letter, got confused!

“We are in no hurry, Lyuba, let's from the beginning.”

To ask what time of the year Lube likes most, it takes about five minutes. To ask Sasha the same - seven. Sasha often gets down, throws hands, turns away. He is a lonely and shy person, he is not used to communicating in principle and does not believe his strength.
- Come on, Sasha, well, take my hands, do not be afraid!

Lyuba encourages Sasha, slows him down and shouts loudly “Hurray !!” - When it turns out to answer. Sasha’s favorite month is August.

Change

In the West, the legal time of the constant work of the supervisor is twenty minutes, then you need to take a break, so most often experts translate in pairs. Inessa students have a change, but not herself. She helps me talk with Yuri and Alevtina.

In his youth, Yuri did not hear, but he could see:

“I studied, walked, I loved to draw. A friend invited me to a wedding - there I saw my future wife, Nina. I still had very good vision, 30%. I could walk on my own, talk with people, solve my issues. I managed to make out a lot. ”

Icon in a house for dumbfounded in Puchkov photo: Daria Kozyreva for TD House of blind men in Puchkov

Yuri worked as a master in special production, now retired. He does everything around the house and marks noticeably when I ask how he does it. Shows how to beat a nail correctly so as not to get hurt:

“You need to keep it straight and do everything slowly. I do not like when the work is done poorly. I corrected my sister and the gate, did it for a long time, but good! ”

In the brutal language, “good” is clear to everyone - this is a thumb raised upward. Yuri lifts two.

Those who do not hear from birth, they study the Russian written language almost as a foreign language

He is not shy about his condition, they and his wife have a large circle of communication, they often go out into the street - his wife sees a little. Yuri proudly says that his wife knows the Russian language well and can write anything. Inessa explains that this is difficult for a person who does not hear - in the brutal language there is no plural, times, modality in our understanding. You do not hear from birth, they study the Russian written language almost as a foreign one.

But Alevtina, who speaks in a cruel language three times faster than Yuri, is not enough after loss of vision. She says that sometimes on the street their common acquaintances come up to them and her husband and communicate with him - her husband sees well, but does not hear.

“Then I ask who he said to, and I understand that they know me. But they didn’t even say hello to me. Why so, I don't understand. Therefore, I almost don’t go to the street. ”
Alevtina had long wanted to go to Puchkovo, but it didn’t work out - he and her husband moved to a new housing, equipped, and made repairs.

Sergey (left), visually impaired and hard of hearing, Oleg (slightly visible and hard of hearing), Alexander (hearing loss and blindness), Yuri (totally blinded), Inessa in the classroom on the catechesis of the photo: Daria Kozyrev for TD

- And you did?

- I helped my husband. We do everything together. I even chose wallpaper - he went to the store, took the samples and retold me. And I decided myself! I am blind, but this does not mean that I am stupid.
If I understand the sequence of gestures correctly, she repeats this phrase twice.

Third lesson: social

The schedule of classes in the house of the deaf -blind are written in very large letters - for those who have preserved intelligence vision. Today there will still be modeling, knitting and “social”. Behind these three letters are socio-cultural rehabilitation. That is, training orientation and moving in space, techniques for examining buildings and premises, training for obstacles, self -service skills and much more. Indeed, a lot, because a blind man must evaluate his actions hundreds of times more carefully than you and I. Where to get up in transport so as not to block the passage? Why don't you need to move furniture late at night? How to call an ambulance?

World statistics say that ten thousand people have one blind man

The Inessa translator says that her mother, who did not hear from birth, could not understand why her daughter was insolent cleaning. “I tell her, mothers, you fold bags, and they are very, very loudly noisy! And she is surprised - how can such thin, weightless gizmos make noise?! "

Master class on baking gingerbread in the Museum of Bread in the Izmailovsky Kremlin Photo: Daria Kozyreva for TD Master class on baking gingerbread in the Museum of Bread in the Izmailovsky Kremlin Photo: Daria Kozyreva for TD

Teachers understand all the problems of their wards from the inside, because they themselves overcame all the difficulties in learning. Evgenia Lagunin, who teaches Yuri to work on a computer, invisible and hard of hearing. Konstantin Zobov, a teacher of Alevtina, is completely invisible. Another teacher of computer literacy and Braille, Nadezhda Golovan, blinded.

***

No one leads the statistics of depressive states and suicides in deaf -blind people, because there are no general reliable statistics on them at all. The first All -Russian census, begun in October 2014, revealed more than two thousand people with blind men. World statistics say that for ten thousand people there is one blind man. That is, in Russia, in PNI and in their apartments, thousands of people who cannot even seek help are locked.
The training and rehabilitation house for a year helps 150 deaf-playing disabled people. This is not only three weeks of intensive lessons with accommodation - experts help their students remotely during the year. For example, a round -the -clock psychologist at any time in touch for those who received treatment in the house - the visually visible can call him directly, with the blind people a psychologist communicates in a chat or SMS, relatives usually help. It is not easy to communicate with a psychologist through an intermediary, but the former wards of the house do this. Support is very important, especially if you have not had its long years.

Your donation to the deaf -blind house in Puchkov is very simple and specific things. Books that will never end in the huge virtual library of Yuri. A conversation with a friend from another city for Alevtina. Just a conversation, as such, for Sasha, who slowly goes into complete silence and does not yet know how he will live there.

They are not alone in the dark and silence - you are nearby.