Without warnings and ships, but with riot police and bulldozers

How the Moscow authorities demolish garages throughout the city. Report "Medusa"

Long before a large -scale program for the demolition of residential buildings in Moscow, another began - to eliminate garage cooperatives that appeared in Soviet times. On May 15, on the site next to the 60th anniversary Avenue in Moscow, the demolition of the garages located there began. So that their owners, who claim that they have all the necessary documents for real estate, did not interfere, had to use riot police; The garages themselves claim that the buildings were demolished with all things stored there. There are dozens of such cases - and on the site of the already demolished garages, simply paved wastelands often appear. At the request of Medusa, Irina Kravtsova tried to figure out this story.

The fact that her garage, located in the garage complex on the 60th anniversary of October in Moscow, will be demolished after a few hours, Vera Butyrskaya found a disabled person, At this time, employees of the Housing State Budgetary Institution had already cut the garage gate.

Butyrskaya says that she immediately called the police demanding to testify unlawful actions - there she was told that the outfit was already on the spot. An hour later, the owner herself drove up to the garage. “Despite the fact that there was a police car, half of my things have already been pulled out,” she says. According to Butyrskaya, the garage stored special equipment and medical equipment of her family (disability not only herself, but also her mother and husband), as well as a new double bed, an orthopedic mattress and other things. By the time the woman was at the garage, bed and mattress, there was no longer in it.

Butyrskaya became ill, and her garage neighbors called an ambulance - but the car could not get to her: construction equipment blocked her path. Gennady Tokanov, the deputy head of the administration of the Academic District, who came to the place of events, approached the woman and personally promised her that her garage would be sealed and would not be demolished until she took out her property (Tokanov confirmed Medusa, which he gave Butyrskaya this promise). Having stayed at the garage until eight in the evening, the next day Butyrskaya called the Housing State House to find out if they would provide her with a car for the export of things, as the official promised; There she was told that this will happen on May 18.

Already on May 17, Butyrskaya, acquaintances from the parking lot called - and reported that her garage (and all the garages were in this row) nevertheless demolished. Arriving at the place, the woman discovered ruins and fragments of tiles and laminate lying on the ground - she recently bought them to make repairs in the apartment of her grandson orphan. The car promised by Tokanov arrived the next day.

Demolition without explanation

In Brezhnev times in the territory where garages are now located, a taxi park was located. In the late 80s, when the taxiopark has not worked for a long time, people built garages here on their own funds-one of them, pensioner Sergey Logachev, recalls that it cost him about 800 rubles (with a average Soviet salary of 150 rubles). In 1990, the Executive Committee of the Cheremushkinsky District Council transferred the land for garages for the use of the regional public organization "Moscow City Union of Motorists" (MGSA); Six years later, the order of the prefect of the South-Western District of Moscow confirmed this decision, and the site was transferred by the MGSA. On the basis of the relevant contract, the owners and used garages for 27 years.

The owners of garages say that they learned about demolition at the end of April 2017-one of the owners noticed the corresponding announcement on the garage. “It was not said who and why he decided so, there were no seals or signatures, it was simply written that the announcement was compiled at the Housing House GBU,” Elena Makasheva, the owner of one of the garages, explains. “What kind of organization it was, we did not know, but it was clear that it was definitely not she made by the demolition of demolition.”

When the owners of the garages came to the chairman of the MGSA for the South -Western Administrative District Sergei Dorokhov, it turned out that he did not receive any notifications of demolition (Gennady Tokanov told Medusa that the corresponding notice was sent to Dorokhov under signature). “Under Luzhkov, in 2006, the Department of Nature Management was suing us for the illegal use of land, but we managed to prove that we use the land legally,” says Dorokhov. “And under Sobyanin we were not even called to court and did not let us explain anything.” To understand the situation, the garages created an initiative group that went to a meeting with the head of the district council Elvira Shigabetdinova. According to them, she said that the decision on the demolition of garages was made by the district commission of the administration and prefecture employees, but no official conclusion was provided to the owners of garages. Shigabetdinova also promised that out of 447 garages they would demolish 290 - and the rest would stand until 2019.

According to Makasheva, the initiative group filed a lawsuit in the Moscow Arbitration Court and appealed to the district prosecutor’s office, which promised to check the demolition decision, and also guaranteed that the garages would not begin to demolish earlier on May 18, when the audit was completed, but they did not provide written confirmation to the garages. On May 11, having broken the concrete wall of the parking lot, employees of the Housing State Budgetary Institution entered the bulldozers on its territory and began to cut the gates on garages; Together with them, police officers, riot police and deputy Shigabetdinova Tokanov came to the territory. According to the owners of the garages, the official did not provide them with any documents, and in response to a request not to cut the gate, he advised to quickly scoop up his things from the garages in order to avoid thefts and looting.

“We took this gesture as an intimidation action,” Olga Savchenko explains the daughter of one of the owners of garages. “They realized that we were ready to fight for our property, go to the courts, the prosecutor’s office, that we would not give up, and therefore Tokanov ordered us to cut off the gate so that we would take things out, and after that he demolished empty garages.” Instead, twenty members of the initiative group installed night duty on the parking lot and weld the gates back overnight.

Total indifference

A few days later, on May 15, everything was repeated : the employees of the Housing State House of Housing and the Housing, and Buldozers, and Tokanov, refusing to present documents. In addition to all, the parking area was cordoned around the perimeter by OMON employees who did not allow people to go to garages. “At the same time, we saw how people in tracksuits from the“ housing ”simply pulled out of our garages to anyone - tools, equipment, bicycles - and right on our bicycles in an unknown direction we took our things,” says Makasheva. According to her, when the garages tried to contact the police, they were replied that she had already called a government - and when the police car still arrived at the place, then, having stood at the entrance to the parking lot for several minutes, she turned around and left.

Another outfit arrived at midnight to fix the defeat of the territory; Several garages went with the police to the station and wrote statements about the illegal demolition of garages and theft of property. As Butyrskaya says, when her garage was also demolished two days later and she also tried to contact the police, the district police department of Academics refused to accept the call, saying that the district prefecture forbade police officers to travel to this facility.

“Most of all, even discouraged not hacking and the demolition of garages, but total indifference to us officials and the complete inaction of the police,” says the owner of the garage Victoria Rodina. - They flatly refused to go to dialogue, none of the officials and employees of the bodies introduced himself. We are people, we, in the end, are the electorate, for that matter! They are obliged to at least talk and explain to us. You can now boldly make forecasts about how to get around with people who will demolish five -story buildings. ”

Another claim of the owners of garages to the authorities is that there are beneficiaries among them: disabled people, veterans of Afghanistan and so on. The deputy head of the Board Tokanov said that he carefully checked all the data and found out that in fact there were no such people among the owners of garages-and if we were, "we would have mandatory their garages or install a shell in the yard-we are doing everything so that such people have a petal place in any case." (At the disposal of Medusa there are copies of documents of garages owners, confirming that there are veterans and disabled people among them.)

Tokanov says that the garages were demolished because they are unauthorized construction. “Earth under garages is not the property of garages. For a long time she was leased with them, but in 1998 this agreement was terminated with them, and since then they have been using land for free for 20 years, says the deputy head of the council. “They have absolutely no documentation for garages, and if I had, then I would talk to them differently.” Since, according to Tokanov, the garages are illegally established, their owners are not supposed to be compensated.

The chairman of the MGSA Dorokhov told Medusa that the last time the lease agreement with the MGS was concluded in 1996 - but subsequently the cooperative annually paid for the land tax on the receipts that came by the MGSA. Sergei Logachev says that in the mid-2000s he brought Soviet documents for garage to the district council to find out whether it was necessary to re-register, but they answered that this was not necessary. “It’s good that even though I am following all the updates about the documentation for the apartment, otherwise, probably, they would have already evicted!” - the pensioner jokes.

A familiar lawyer and judge of the arbitration court, Galina Andrianova, familiar with the details of the case, claims that the Moscow authorities in a situation with the demolition of garages acted with numerous violations. Andrianova is sure that the demolished garages were not unauthorized construction - she refers to the decision of the Supreme Arbitration Court of 2012, which says that the buildings, buildings and non -residential buildings built before 1995 cannot be recognized as unauthorized buildings and demolished on this basis.

The lawyer also indicates that the ownership of the owners of garages arose even before the law on state registration of real estate rights in January 1998 entered into force - and therefore is legally valid. “If a person owns a garage-raki, then he can be asked to transfer it, but the capital garage, which has a concrete floor and walls, cannot be transferred without causing damage, and for demolition, officials need a corresponding court decision. He, as I understand it, is not, ”explains Andrianova.

Moscow against garbage

Gennady Tokanov says: by 2020 it is planned to demolish all metal garages in the city - to compensate for the lack of parking spaces. “One people have nowhere to put cars, while others often store the old trash in garages,” says Deputy Head of the Council of the Academic District. “Even on the parking lot on the 60th anniversary of October, 20% of the garages were clogged with garbage.” This was also said in 2015 in 2015 by the vice-mayor of Moscow Maxim Liksutov-according to him, the Department of Transport planned to create 11 thousand new cars in the city, most of which were supposed to appear on the site of garage cooperatives (now the Moscow authorities are narrowing with the builders of parking lots, which, according to officials, poorly completed their work).

Indeed, the history of garages on the 60th anniversary of October is far from unique. Metal garages, built back in the time of the USSR, have been demolished in Moscow for the past few years; Often-with the resistance of the owners (for example, in 2016, Kommersant wrote that the garages of the Yaroslavl district in the northeast of the city managed to defend their buildings-they simply did not put the workers to park). Mikhail Margolin, who lives in the same academic district, where the Butyrskaya garage was located, says that in the similar scheme in December 2016, a garage cooperative was demolished on Dmitry Ulyanov Street. “The government gave this garage to my grandfather back in the 1960s. When we were informed about demolition, we wrote appeals, went to meetings with municipal deputies and prefect, turned to the mayor, to the State Duma and the president, but we received unsubscribes and references everywhere, ”says Margolin. According to him, in the end, the garages were demolished, their owners did not receive any compensation - and now in their place an empty paved site.

Alexander Dozorov, who lives on the street, says that about eight hundred garages were demolished there in April 2017 - warning the owners in two months, but refusing them to compensate; Now in this place is also a wasteland. The same thing happened to Elena Lungina, who owned the garage on Youth Street in the east of Moscow. “They didn’t really give things from there, they didn’t pay compensation,” she says. - Now the place where the garages were, paved and fenced and did not let anyone go there. Neither for yourself or people. "

Irina Kravtsova

Ivan Golunov took part in the preparation of the material