Gods and heroes sing in Russian

Transfer of Vladimir Abarinov from the cycle "Writers and Music"

Pushkin offended Sumarokov, wrote about him like this:

... a weak child of other people's lessons,
Envious proud, cold Sumarokov,
Without strength, without fire, with a mediocre mind ...

Alexander Petrovich Sumarokov, of course, had a mind, a heart, and a soul. Many of his lines touch today. He was not only a poet, but also a playwright, translator, theoretician of poem, publisher, director of the first Russian theater and a great worker, and, among other things, the first Russian opera librettist.

Francesco Araia. Unknown artist

Under the Russian Imperial Court, since Anna Ioannovna, an Italian opera troupe worked, led by the composer Francesco Araya. He composed operas on the Italian libretto. But then few people own Italian language in Russia, so a full translation of the libretto was printed to the premiere. One of the operas of Arai, the “power of love and hatred”, translated into Russian Vasily Trediakovsky. And Sumarokov, already in the reign of Elizaveta Petrovna, wrote his original libretto for Arai, and she was put in the court theater in February 1755 with great success.

Alexander Sumarokov. Portrait of the work of Anton Losenko. 1760

The newspaper St. Petersburg Vedomosti wrote that the opera was presented

With this in music and in Italian manners, art and such pleasant actions that all those who know rightly recognized this theatrical performance for the operas that was completely the best in Europe.

The main parties in the play were performed by the cameras of Elizaveta Belogradskaya and the chamber-singer Gabriel Martsinkevich-Gavrilushka, as his called the operas. It was their debut and the beginning of their glory.

The opera is called "Cephal and Prokris." These names are more familiar to us in a different spelling: Kefal and Prosrid. Kefal is a mythical hero, the husband of the daughter of the Athenian King Shrudy. Their story is a story about marital treason. According to one version of the myth, Prosrid, in the absence of Kefal, was seduced by the rich gifts of the stranger and agreed to bring him up with him, according to the other - the alien was the disguised Kefal, who wanted to test his wife’s loyalty, they were both going to change, but they lived in love and happiness for many years, until Kefal accidentally killed a burgla of a snub.

The title sheet of the first edition of the Libretto "Cephal and Shortes"

Sumarokov created his own, original version of the myth: the whole tragedy, including the death of the Crried, happened because of the intrigues of the gods.

In the first stage, King Crete Minos admits to his nobleman and wizard the tester, who is passionately in love with Krris, but it was at that moment that her marriage with Cephalus is performed in the temple of Minerva. The tester answers him that the happiness of the newlyweds will be short -lived - the goddess Aurora will destroy this marriage.

Young spouses leave the temple. Cephala is anxious foreboding. A Minerva voice comes from the temple, which prophesies in love.

But in the middle of these joys, dear shout, suddenly

I don't know from what my spirit began to languish,

And the heart freezes.

Of course, Rock exfoliates on us.

What is foreseen by my longing!

Thunder is heard, lightning sparkles. Lovers in horror. Shortes suddenly realizes that the formidable rock will forever separate her and Cephal.

Everything has passed for us,

Oh my Cephaline!

I got close to the lacrimal

And there is a fierce hour.

Lovers turn to each other with the last call:

Do not forget the days

Which we were pleasant.

How ardor we loved each other!

Sorry, and let me live even in your memory.

​

A mighty whirlwind flies and carries Cephalus. Shortus bites his fate bitterly. So the first act ends.

In the second act, Cephal sees that he found himself in a beautiful valley. But without a shit, this landscape is not sweet to him. The goddess Aurora appears. She tells Cephalus that she loves him. But Cephalus indignantly replies that you will not forcibly sweet. The rejected Aurora considers such an answer shame for himself:

My dishonor is fully fulfilled.

Oh Rock, from the deadly, immortal contempt!

But Cephal objects: what kind of love is it if she makes him unhappy?

Do you know for sure

How my breasts are tormented;

Your love.

Aurora reproaches him - he could have pretended to be lovers.

My cursing meal

You are just thinking about your separation.

Do not let me look at me

You are affectionate and feigned.

The dispute with the goddess, of course, cannot end in any good. Aurora orders the winds to bring to her a mortar and tester and offers the tester with the help of magic to turn a beautiful valley with streams and groves into a gloomy and sinister place. The tester pronounces his spell:

Dissolve the formidable jaw!

Furiye fuel fry: Skori:

Pay this day this darker you are nights,

And prestige the dormant grove!

In this terrible place, Cephalus is destined to live all his life if he does not respond to Aurora's love. And so that Mount Permisus was even worse, Aurora transfers her here to see the fate of Cephal and persuade him to love the goddess.

Aurora turns to Pokris:

Put it with a mane, since

And uselessly emit groan,

He does not want.

The whole hellish womb is opened before him.

Shkris calls to Tsephal:

Leave me, and with her, you live in a spanasily.

Cephal, of course, refuses. Then Shkris praises Aurora:

Led to the punishment,

That I'm sweet to him

So that I also have it:

And with him, your gnes, and suffering and suffering.

But Aurora does not want to connect lovers - let them suffer apart:

You will not be tovo!

The morning of your all loves are irrevocable.

Thus, it is pleasant to be pleasant

In which the best treasure of Evo.

"Sitting your anger, goddess!" - Asks Krris. "Have, Aurora, pity!" - begs Cephalus. But everything is in vain, Aurora is adamant.

In the third act, Minos is trying to seduce Shkris. To begin with, he inspires her with the idea of the infidelity of Cephal. Shortes bitterly reproaches Tsephal, who appeared to her, but in these reproaches she feels a manifestation of her love:

Cruel - but what am I going to do!

I am angry, and that love, angry, I feel.

Cephal is unraveling in Short-he is still faithful to her. Cephal falls asleep, wakes up. In a dream, he saw a terrible picture:

An elderly Vidin!

Towed the unbearable in oblivion I torment:

The link was torn to pieces,

From the heart he sucked her blood!

Cephal hears a rustle in the bushes, decides that the very fierce beast is hiding there and pulls on the bow of the bow - but the arrow is not striking at the beast, but the shout. The beloved dies. Cephal in despair:

Oh gods! Heaven, oh shout! - - I’m now!

What, alas! What a fate I am!

Oh barbar! On a kovo strained you viciously Luke!

In Kovo, ah, from yours, the hands of the years!

Look, cruel, khm siya gave her a wound.

Determine the earth, and absorb the tyrant!

But Krrris says that he is not to blame for her death. It turns out that she was hiding in the bushes to spy whether Cephalus was deceiving her.

Do not lament the death of my hands,

And betray you to blame my jealousy:

She hid me in the bushes,

My life is not you, but jealousy ended.

Shortes dies, Cephal grieves. Aurora appears. Now she regrets her vengeance. Zeus punished lovers worse than she asked:

You know that Zvez has performed a member

As Aurorina was pleased.

Oh, I myself should pour tears myself;

But we cry we cannot revive it.

So this tragic story ends in the arrangement of Alexander Sumarokov and Francesco Arai.

Three years after the success of his first libretto, Sumarokov composed the second - for the German composer German Friedrich Raupah, who was a dropmer of the Italian troupe. This opera is called "Alcesta".

Farewell to Admett and Alkests. Etruscan vase found in Vulchi. Drawing from the original George Dennis. 1848

Alzesta or Alkesta is again a character from ancient Greek mythology, the wife of King Admet. Once, Zeus punished Apollo: Apollo had to work out for a whole year by a laborer at King Admet. The Admet turned out to be the humane master, and at the request of the Apollo of the goddess of the fate of Moira, he awarded him longevity. But, like any gift of the gods, the gift of Moir had a condition: when the king comes to die, someone else should go to Hades instead. And now the demon is a demon of death. The Admet asks his parents to replace him in the boat of Haron, but his parents refuse, but the wife of Admet agrees. But it all ends well: Alkeste liberates Hercules from the underground kingdom, aka Hercules.

Two arias from the opera of Raubach Alcesta included Chechilia Bartoli in its St. Petersburg album. One of them is the aria converging in Hades Alcesta:

I go to death and not fear,

I will lose my life for you.

Look how you love me;

Did you love me with dignity?

In the post of extension before you,

Love you will see your own;

At this hour, parted with you;

Make my love.

And this is the aria of Hercules, who goes to save Alcesta:

District dog larynx barking

Previously your own:

Noise of a flukefer -firing.

Without horror I go to you.

That the family of living is frightening,

My glory decorates my glory

I will go to the unfortunate lands,

I’ll enter, and everything will alarm everything there.

Unfortunately, I can’t give a list of a happy ending, in which the people and King Admet with their wife honor a superhero - such a record simply does not exist. Therefore, we will finish another work of Sumarokov.

He was a poet-songwriter. The famous statesman and amateur musician Grigory Teplov in 1759 published a collection of songs with notes to verses of Russian poets called "Between Laundry." The authors of the music in the collection are not indicated, therefore, by default, Teplov himself is considered the composer. This collection has seven songs for Sumarokov’s poems. They are rarely recorded today, even less often laid out on the Internet. But I still found one. This is a monologue of a woman in love:

In vain, I hide the hearts of sorrow of Luta,
I seem calm in vain.
I can't be calm, I'm not a minute
I can’t, no matter how much I stick.
Heart with a heavy groan, an eye with a tear
Extract the secret of this flour;
You made my old man useless
You, oh my liberty!

Further in the program:

80 years of cinema, writer, music teacher Oleg Ossetian :

"I was born in 1937. Just that year of birth, which was more important than a month. I fried in the radio. From the Black Sminer in the 42nd, 43rd, 44th, 45th years, marvelous classical music poured."

Lithuanian cinema: old and new. Transfer with the participation of Lithuanian filmmakers.