Third campaign for life

Taimyr wants to separate from the Krasnoyarsk Territory. Since the spring of this year, the initiative group of the residents of the peninsula has already applied to the local election campaign with a petition for a referendum. Take one question to it - about the autonomy of the territory. He was formulated as follows: "Do you think that the Taimyr-Nenets municipal district should be returned to the Taimyr (Dolgan-Nenets) Autonomous Okrug?"

Both times the referendum initiators were refused. And on July 6, the third meeting of the initiative group was held - a package of documents for a vote in the coming days will be submitted again. But now activists expect that neighboring Evenkia will join their requirements.

"Independence is needed as air"

In relation to Taimyr, the word "most" often sounds. Taimyr Dolgan-Nenets municipal district-the northernmost in the Krasnoyarsk Territory and the largest in Russia-almost 900 thousand square kilometers. But the population density here is the lowest: 0.04 people per 1 square. km. And here are the richest reserves in the world, in fact, in total: oil, stone coal, gas, gold, molybdenum, titanium, polymetals, iron ... Therefore, the largest mining companies in the world work in Taimyr. True, local residents neither from these wealth, nor from somewhere outgoing taxes that these companies pay, neither hot nor cold. However, it is not hot here in any sense and never: the average temperature of July is plus 2 degrees, January is minus 35, but it reaches 50.

The Taimyr National District (Nganasans, Ents, Nenets, Evenki, Dolgans, Selkups, for some time now, were formed in 1930. In 1934, it was in this status that he became part of the Krasnoyarsk Territory. In the 78th he was renamed the Autonomous Okrug. And in 2007, this status was abolished. Two years before, a referendum was held on Taimyr on joining the Krasnoyarsk Territory as an ordinary municipal district. In fact, this meant the complete loss of the Taimyr of independence - legislative, financial, management, organizational.

The decision to join the edge as one of the 44 districts was a huge mistake

- I do not really believe in the transparency of the 2005 referendum results. But even if they are honest, it has long been clear that the decision to join the edge as one of the 44 regions was a huge mistake. And mistakes must be corrected, ”says Radio Liberty Gennady Schukin , member of the Association of indigenous peoples Taimyr, an authorized representative of the initiative group for holding a referendum. - After joining the Krasnoyarsk Territory, 12 years passed, and we were left without everything. Without money - the taxes of oil workers go to the region, and there, at their discretion, they are divided between areas. Without public structures and public services, without normal specialists and without normal medical care. Previously, Taimyr had his own governor, their representatives in the State Duma and in the Council, and they, badly or well, solved all the issues with Moscow directly. And now we are nobody - we are lost.

Gennady Schukin talks about the results of 12 years of life in the Krasnoyarsk Territory. The population of Dudinka, the administrative center of Taimyr, decreased by a third - from 33 thousand people in 1998 to the current 21 thousand. In the villages, mortality increased to 7 percent of the population per year. The villages themselves are eliminated - in recent years, more than 20 settlements have disappeared from Taimyr’s map, another 10 levels, obvious and hidden, is overwhelming - and this despite the fact that large oil and gas enterprises work here. Neither roads, nor transport, nor paramedic points in the villages ... For each certificate you have to ride hundreds of kilometers - there is nowhere to get them here. The costs of the road reach 15 thousand rubles, and the salaries of hunters and reindeer herders-3-4 thousand. So it’s easier not to get anything at all.

What to talk about if we have letters of 10 days inside of a small Dudinka

“All public services were removed from us at all: for a passport, driver’s rights, any medical certificate we must go to another city,” says Schukin. - Look, for example: entrepreneurs, to register a company, get the necessary documents, submit a report, from Dudinka go to Norilsk - tax, Rospotrebnadzor, SES - everything is only there. The distance from Dudinka to Norilsk is about 100 kilometers one way. From our other settlements, Khatanga and Dixon, about 600. Plus there are no normal roads, air traffic from case to case. And from small villages, from the tundra, not to get there at all.

We have no regpalates, but there is nothing at all now. Officials say to us: you have put the MFC - multifunctional centers, in electronic form you can send documents. But the MFC does not make a decision - the documents still go to Krasnoyarsk. And when they return, it’s scary to imagine. What to talk about if we have letters in our small Dudinka for 10 days. The sorting center was removed from us. So now people throw letters into the mailbox in Dudinka, then they are taken to the Hoillet, they are sorted and delivered back to Dudinka, ”says Schukin.

The same situation with fishing, hunting and use of weapons. There are many hunters and fishermen here - many only live. But people legally cannot really engage in these crafts: from the tundra, from the camp, you can’t go for a thousand kilometers for a certificate and medical analyzes. Yes, and with "access to bioresurs"-that is, the fish that is found here-the lawmakers did not think something. There are fish and fishermen, only you can’t catch it.

In Taimyr, in most villages, people live according to Barter. Change products and things to the necessary. Because there is simply no money there

The situation reaches the absurdity. Schukin says: in Taimyr now, in most villages, people live according to Barter. Change products and things to the necessary. Because there is simply no money there. Well, they do not reach there in this situation. Or they reach, but with a catastrophic delay: after all, no roads, no mail, no banks ...

“But the worst thing is that everything that happens in jeopardizes the life and health of people.” The feldsher-obstetric points in the villages were removed, qualified doctors were driving massively, in Dudinka the maternity hospital did not receive a license, including because there was no money to put everything in order. Therefore, our women are also sent to give birth to other cities - to Norilsk, or even in Krasnoyarsk for two thousand kilometers. Many refuse - this is impossible. Yes, and physically do not have time. Therefore, they give birth in their tundra as they can. And then, in order to receive a child’s birth certificate, it is necessary to prove through the court that he is. And the courts are not with us either.

Gennady Schukin says: those who are now making decisions regarding Taimyr do not know anything about his specifics - about the local way of life, about how there are people scattered around the joke with an area of 900 thousand square kilometers, about what the transport should be here - about nothing.

We need autonomy as air

- Here is the Arctic, here is not the mainland, the necessary special approaches. And we need autonomy precisely in order to live taking into account all of the above. We need it like air. A law on the special status of the northern territories was adopted in the region. But he is empty. They are not supported by anything - neither finances, nor organizational, in any way. We are not against the Krasnoyarsk Territory. We are for us to give us the opportunity to independently establish our lives, says Gennady Schukin.

"We do everything by law"

All this forced Taimyr residents to file a petition for a referendum to the local election. Both times they refused. The first - because the document was not signed by all 12 members of the initiative group, but only 10. The second time, says the participant of the Stella Koch initiative group, there was nothing to complain about: paragraphs from federal and regional laws were completely copied in the statement. The election commander, as they say, washed his hands and redirected the petition to the local district council.

- There were four meetings, but we were not invited to anymore, they did not ask at least their position to clarify. And without us they made a decision: the question we posed does not correspond to the referendum level. Like, it is necessary to solve such things not in the area, but by the whole Krasnoyarsk region. But why, with all my respect, residents, for example, Minusinsky or Kansky districts should decide how to live and stay in the region? Our head of the district Sergei Tkachenko (whom, I note, we did not choose, but we were appointed to us) deigned to meet with us. To that meeting of the head of all our four settlements - Dudinka, Dixon, Hatangi, Karaul - wrote appeals in which they confirmed: yes, there are problems, and serious ones. So, Tkachenko at the meeting actually read out on a piece of paper: we know about the problems that we turn to the edge for the allocation of additional funds of 600 million rubles. They said goodbye to that, says Stella Koch.

I must say that in a month that passed after the question was raised about the referendum, a dozen two reports about what was done for the northerners came out on the site of the regional government. 4.5 million rubles were allocated for the maintenance of Taimyr transit roads. Taimyr youth will receive 170 thousand rubles for the implementation of his projects. 32 jobs have been created in Taimyr villages ...

So, everything was not so bad? Or did the authorities listen to the northerners and something has changed?

“All this is done in order to reassure the people,” says Stella Koch. -We have heard similar things for a long time, but there is no real thing. I and Tkachenko said: when at least 2-3 government agencies will return to us, then we will talk about the results.

This is called - give handouts and plug holes and mouths so that the people do not rebel

“This is called - to give handouts and plug holes and mouths so that the people do not rebel,” adds Gennady Schukin. -Yes, and local authorities are convenient to ask for such occasions and somehow use it. And then everything will go new. After all, what is happening is not one -time, but a systemic problem.

Taimyrs have reason to say so. Indeed, back in 2008, a rally was held in Taimyr to restore its status as an autonomous district. Even then, its organizers stated: joining the edge - a mistake that made people's lives impossible. After the rally, an appeal was sent to the federal authorities with a description of the problems of the territory and a request to return the previous status to it. The problems were listed exactly the same as now - since then nothing has changed for the better. And the authorities just like now, they said nothing. But the releases about how northerners live better and better, all this time did not stop going out.

We have power by itself, and people themselves. Well, if the authorities do not want to solve anything - so let's decide ourselves how to live

- We have power by itself, and people themselves. Well, since the authorities do not want to solve anything - so let's decide how to live, ”says Stella Koch. - We do not want revolutions, we do not suit the second Maidan, which we are already reproached with. We act within the framework of the law, according to the Constitution: the people and their opinion, which he expresses, including in referenda, is power. They tell us now: they say, there is no such federal law that would allow the municipal district to gain autonomy. But you know, when we were made from the Autonomous Okrug by the municipal district, there was no relevant law either, it was already adopted by the post -fact. Why not do so now?

Now members of the initiative group are waiting for the inhabitants of neighboring Evenkia to join the request for a referendum - the situation is as a whole there.

“We will submit a new package of documents for holding a referendum taking into account the fact that the Evenkites will be finally determined with their position,” says Stella Koch. - But in general, I want to say that autonomy is the desire of all the inhabitants of the territory. I think that local deputies too. They are the inhabitants of Taimyr.

- The region does not hear us, so maybe the federation will pay attention to the opinion of the inhabitants of two huge territories? - adds Gennady Schukin. - Although, on the other hand, since the edge of us does not give a damn - so let him already refuse us, we will live ourselves.

Another, third in a row, a petition for a referendum will be submitted in the coming days. They say at the same time: within the framework in which the law allows, they will go to the end.