Translated material
Children and Navalny
"I really don't like Navalny. I will vote for him."
Despite the fact that statistically, youth in Russia is a small group limited in civil rights (21, 5 %), and the exact percentage of the protest participated in the last protest is impossible to determine, the opinion was established in power and society that young people are ready to protest and they have a leader - Navalny.
I must say that the last fact was a surprise even for those who were engaged in the research of the political mood of youth. Polls and results of focus groups showed that students of top Russian universities do not sympathize with Navalny as a policy and they do not like it as a person. Those who could support him massively knew practically nothing about him. There were few conscious supporters, which is understandable - the ideas of Navalny are not new, the program is not written - here, rather, attracts, fearless pressure and personal charisma of politics.
Nevertheless, after rallies on June 12, it became obvious throughout Russia - young people are ready to publicly express their opinion, and there is a leader who uses, if not full support, then understanding. However, sociologist Denis Volkov (Levada Center) believes that today, in general, the growth of protest activity is observed, since the authority of power is reduced. “If you watch not only Putin’s ratings, but the ratings of the prime minister of the government, the State Duma,” ”the sociologist explains,“ they are already reaching the residence level, that is, the level of 2011-2012. The tension is growing and dissatisfaction with power is growing. And in these conditions, indeed, protest actions can be expected, which will flare up in different places for a different reason. And naval - one of the parts of the protest that we are of the protest that we are Today we have. "
Until now, it was believed that young people are the most prosperous part of the population in Russia, thanks to the availability of education and the traditions of family support. The financial difficulties that have arisen in a significant share of Russian citizens were nullified the last advantage, and, in addition, they closed access to the social ladder - not every parent’s maintenance in a large city can afford. The real prospect of getting high points and entering a prestigious university, breaking out of the provincial wilderness, pushed over the horizon in just a couple of years, leaving a feeling of deception.
"I really don't like Navalny. I will vote for him."
The text of the copyWidth PX Height PX
The url has been copied to your clipboard
No Media Source Currently Available
0:00 0:03:05"Do you dare to go out to the square?" (Places of protests in Moscow)
On the other hand, no matter how the fruits of modern education are scolded, it gives clear civilian attitudes, and if you are lucky, then the skill of critical thinking, which is generally characteristic of adolescence. The shares of the White Nerders did not pass without a trace, where the parents were brought by the children, and they were charged with the positive mood of the crowd. Perhaps this is one of the main consequences of protests, which, as it seemed then, ended in nothing.
In addition, the general atmosphere cannot but affect young people, which such that the Russian Student Union on the eve of Russia distributed a letter “On the detention of students at protest events”, in which he calls for law enforcement agencies “not to apply power to peacefully rallying youth and not to allow unreasonable detentions”. The letter also has an appeal to the heads of educational organizations who should not put pressure on students and deduct them for participating in rallies. That is, the Student Union makes it clear that such cases will become at least publicly known and at a maximum protested.
On the other hand, the RSC itself prefers to solve problems formally, addressing the relevant organizations and directly to the president of the country. “When we write a letter to Putin,” explains Vasily Mikhailov, co -chair of the RSC, “we understand that it will then be lowered directly to the ministry. And the ministry will be considered already as a letter that he was launched from above. This method is more effective.”
Here it can be assumed that if this channel stops working, student strikes will be the next effective measure. No need to forget that the Red May in France, which ended with the retirement of the president and the change of government, began precisely with student speeches related to quite domestic issues.
"Everything got out"
Love Borusyak , sociologist:
- After the June protest campaign, it became obvious that the notorious passivity of youth was replaced by activity. And most importantly - it became clear that there was a politician who could call people to the street literally by click. In the evening, he announced that we were not going to Sakharov, but to Tver, and in the morning the young people came there.
Another important aspect - Navalny believes that young people are needed for his political promotion, and young people believe that they need Navalny to realize their request. That is, every subject of this communication believes that he uses another. Moreover, most of my young respondents are in bulk without great delight. There are, of course, those who completely approve of him as politics, but many explained: “I am not a fan of Navalny, but ...” And then different “but” went.
young people need Navalny to implement their request
In most cases, it was not about the fact that they want to support Navalny in his requirements, but about the possibility of presenting themselves. For this, they need a trigger, a trigger, and Navalny just fulfills this role. Some, for example, say that, yes, we will follow Navalny because he will not stop, he has serious political ambitions, and this is good. But we also understand that this time he has no chance of winning the presidential election. Then, if such a chance appears, we will think. The most outstanding answer was the following: "I really do not like Navalny. I will vote for him."
Of course, I asked the guys about which of the politicians could count on their support. In general, there are no such, except Navalny. Someone called Gudkov, but with great reservations. I must say that in April I conducted a focus group with students and invited them to name the five most influential politicians. The first, of course, called Putin and Navalny. Then the names were expected - Lavrov, Kadyrov. And then they began to argue: whom to consider the most harmful, dangerous - Mizulin, Milonov or someone else.
By the way, many experts said that we must wait for the refrigerator to win the TV so that the citizens are activated. However, those students from whom I interviewed, almost everyone said that this was not about them. That the theme of corruption excites them as a topic of justice and injustice, but they themselves do not relate to the blue and wretched, who will not find work, will not be able to provide themselves to, and so on. One of the participants even said a wonderful phrase that "first it is necessary to satisfy the primary needs, and then a higher level. And participation in promotions is a higher level need."
And I noticed the guys a sensation that is poorly reflected, but it is implied - "everything got out." The feeling of dissatisfaction is not material, but as if the atmosphere around is thickening, as if a vice is pressed on you - a very strong feeling. And Navalny chose the right topic about which one of my respondents said that "the theme of corruption unites everyone and does not disconnect anyone."
Day of patriots
Arman Tuganbaev , student, activist of the Vesna movement:
- To say, more or less young people have become interested in politics is quite difficult, since young people had read the news before, followed what was happening. Maybe they simply did not consider it necessary to go to rallies. That is, it is quite difficult to assess the degree of interest, but the fact that it is present and young people began to go to rallies or plan their own shares is an obvious fact.
So it turns out that I dyed my hair - this is already a protest. Or I came with the flag of Russia to the central street of the city to celebrate the Day of Russia, and then it suddenly turns out that this is already a political action, because I came to Navalny Mike. Although, I must say that the moment when I watched the video that the rally was tolerated, it caused anger. There was some feeling that he was trying to click his fingers and say: "Follow me!" There was no such thing - oh! I'll definitely go there. But June 12 is a day of patriots, and I consider myself a patriot, and this is terrible when they forbid me to celebrate my holiday.
This does not mean that then it is necessary to vote for Navalny
Regarding the consolidation around Navalny. It seems to me amazing - democratic forces in Russia are trying to consolidate since 2000, and we see constant defeats. Parnassus is trying to agree with Yabloko, Kasyanov wants to be the first on the list, Nechaev curses with the coalition and so on. For people who adhere to democratic views, this is all deeply disgusting. The main thing for them is that there was a representative in the elections, who will say: "I am for democracy." And it doesn’t matter - Yavlinsky or Kasyanov will do this. Therefore, if the politician says: “I want to do this, then and that,” and the youth sees that he has at least some chances, they, of course, will follow him.
I do not think that it is dangerous. On the contrary, this is exactly what we tried to achieve all this time. Everyone can find some shortcomings and disadvantages. When people say that they agree with the Navalny program, it should be understood that there are still no programs. So far, it is only published that a person requires quite logical things and promises the program a little later to write. Yes, Navalny all the time talks about the number of signatures that people are ready to put for him. But you need to understand that this is the number of signatures for allowing him to be allowed. This does not mean that after that it is necessary to vote behind Navalny.
About risk and honesty
Alexandra Arkhipov, senior researcher at the RANEPA:
- They ask me standardly what Navalny did with adolescents? He showed them some wonderful video, some wonderful propaganda that they all took it like that and went to the rally? In fact, terribly incorrect raising the question. It turns out that we, as it were, objectify a certain group of adolescents, deprive her of her free will and believe that she will follow the herd who will show a cool video.
Some of the young people we interviewed, said that they work as volunteers of the Navalny Foundation, that they support him, but there are not most of them. Many people say that they come out because they are in defense of democratic values. They want medicine to become better, they want another education. Girls explain that they are afraid to give birth in this country. That is, it is more likely to take care of yourself and your future in a political and egoist plan. And, rather, young people do not support Navalny, but simply at this stage the paths are solidarized, although they can not do this quite calmly.
On June 12, from the early morning we sat on Tverskaya and watched. Navalny proposed to walk in circles, as it was on the 26th on both sides of Tverskaya, from the subway to the metro. People tried to do this, but they dissolved among those who came to just take a walk to the reconstructure festival. And then they decided that, let's somehow organize and go towards Pushkinskaya and we will hold together. And this "together" increased, increased. There were only flags at this moment, but literally after 5 minutes there are posters, jackets unfastened, and there are t -shirts, ducks appear.
People come to protest for themselves, each has their own requirements
And this is a very important story - people cannot identify themselves. It is absolutely impossible to understand who is protesting and who is not. Then people themselves begin to look for some ways to dissolve themselves from others and demonstration of their protest. They painted ducks on the asphalt, on tablets. A group of young people discussed what to do now to be noticed. They took Russian ribbons, tied them in a rope, lifted them over themselves and said: "Who with the ducks, follow us." And all followed them. Strictly speaking, the organizers of the protest are not Navalny, but those who do this. Because people come for a protest for themselves, everyone has their own requirements. In many ways, they fit into what I call are simple democratic requirements. Many are solidarized with Navalny, because Navalny also solidarizes with these requirements.
What is clearly changing is the degree of involvement. The first and easiest regime of involvement: I am going to protest in support of Ukraine, put on blue jeans and yellow T -shirt. If a policeman catches me, I say - I have such a daily uniform. Second mode: I draw a poster. If representatives of the organs begin to become attached to me, I can throw this poster and run away, hide the duck in my pocket and leave. Many who get into the auto -zaks do so. And there is a third form, when you present a sign of protest, which is difficult to tear out from you - you smear your face or hands with green, put on a duckling costume. That is, you deliberately increase the degree of risk. Such people, as a rule, are more likely to grab police from the crowd. This is clearly visible at the detentions not even in Moscow, but in St. Petersburg and other cities. And such a regime of involvement is increasing and intensifying. As a rule, these are young people who want to show that they are ready to take risk.
Young people want to show that they are ready to take risk
We have been engaged in protests since 2011, and the topic of corruption has always been present. In general, in Russia there are two types of corruption. For example, on March 26, people went out to protest on Tverskaya against corruption schemes. The police said that they were also against corruption, but their concept of corruption is different. One policeman explained: “I steal everything in our country. Children in kindergarten steal pencils. Schoolchildren steal notebooks. Students steal their pocket money. A person goes to work and steals with the boss. The higher you go up the hierarchical ladder, the more you are allowed to steal.” Therefore, corruption is an inevitable social phenomenon that it is pointless to fight.
Another concept - we reject the system completely, we break it. We are building honest transparent relations between man and power. In fact, this is a story about honesty. One of my informant, who was detained on the 26th, was forced to write in the papers in which university he is studying. He was afraid because he believed that he would be expelled. And we, adults, told him all in unison - write not Madi, but Mai, change one letter. He replied: "No! We do not want the power to lie to us. Then I should not lie to power." Honesty should be mutual.