Alexander Morozov: "Today's situation in the regional agricultural sector is the story of the truth"

On the eve of the session of the Legislative Assembly of the Novosibirsk Region, the film crew of Taiga.info met with the chairman of the Committee on Budget, Financial and Economic Policy and Property Alexander Morozov. What led to an emergency in the grain market, what kind of support to the peasants needed, why the deputies insist on taking urgent measures to save the industry - in the program "Taiga. Vzglya" with Alexei Mazur.

Taiga.info gives a decoding of a conversation with minor abbreviations.

Taiga.info: As far as we know, at the session it is planned to take out the question of helping agriculture in an extraordinary manner. An appeal to the Minister of Agriculture of Russia Tkachev and to Rosselkhozbank is being prepared. What caused such a rush?

- In fact, I would characterize the current situation in the agricultural industry of the Novosibirsk region as a dramatic. And this drama has many directors, starting with natural (weather) and ending with a variety of circumstances that formed this story. And above all, it is connected with the fact that the peasant has now done a lot to get a high harvest. And he received it. Moreover, this was formed not one day. The agrarian industry of the region developed gradually, from year to year. Manufacturers of agricultural goods acquired new equipment, new technologies were introduced. And in this regard, a result of more than three million tons is not drawn. I am convinced of this. This year this is true. 3.05 million tons. So, in my opinion, our Ministry of Agriculture reports.

This is a fee for the work that the peasant invested in today's crop. These are almost 19 centners per hectare. And it would seem, we must rejoice. But, as the people say, the peasant has two troubles - crop failure and crop. Moreover, the region, unfortunately, was not ready for a large harvest. For a variety of circumstances. First: it turned out that the grain, which the peasant gathered in such labor from his fields, was simply nowhere to put. And in the physical sense - elevators of the Novosibirsk region are full, more than half a million in them are grain. This grain was supposed to find its consumer, but it remained in the Novosibirsk region. This year, cleaning was so complicated that it required drying almost everyday. But there was nowhere to dry. Some peasants, who had such an opportunity, took advantage of it, many had to use the services of bakery enterprises and elevators. And there is no such opportunity, because everything is littered.

The Novosibirsk peasant is removed and cut off from the sales market most of all in the country. We are in the "Tariff Back" to the Far East and to Novorossiysk, from where the Russian grain is exported. The distances are huge, 2 thousand rubles are obtained per ton. These are large amounts. But even if today the peasant was offered this amount today, he would be happy and gratitude to ship this grain. But again there is nothing to ship - there are no wagons. Not ready and so on. There is a complex of questions. The country has a huge crop. 135, it seems, a million tons. This is almost 25 million tons more than last year. The numbers are huge. This is the need of 30 subjects of the Federation. And all this grain poured into the market. Plus, grain -traders and agricultural holdings have their own grain, which also needs to be realized. And to our grain, Novosibirsk, if it reaches, it will be somewhere in the May-June next year, when you can already wrap the bots. Because the peasant agrarian industry in the Novosibirsk region is Zakredi. This is billions of rubles.

Farms take loans, most often, these are fixed loans - for the period of sowing and cleaning. And they need to be returned in October - November. And there is no possibility of realizing the grown grain to return the money and pay off the banks. Small, weak farms, what a sin to hide, cannot be lending. Because the Zaks are a long time ago, and are not allowed before this tool. All in the hope that we get a large harvest, sell and heal further. And all these circumstances formed in one long chain of problems, which must be responded today. However, we do not feel a certain federal participation. Usually these are cereal interventions, some other acquisitions in the state reserve. Today, these movements are not visible at all.

Taiga.info: Just with a large harvest, they should occur?

- Naturally. For this, he is this intervention fund to remove excess markets, to balance it, to sell it in the end. We are now almost the first to export grain. I say without irony, this is actually so. But the percentage of presence in the market leaves much to be desired.

Taiga.info: What does the Legislative Assembly offer?

- Several directions or steps that would calm the peasant and introduce into the regime of possible expectations of positive consequences. The first - in my opinion, it is necessary to solve the issue of prolonging loans for agricultural producers, which the peasant took at 5% last year. The second story is proposed in the bowels of the Legislative Assembly-commercial loans that the peasants take, subsidize the 2/3 rates of the Central Bank in order to somehow support. Because it is clear that the peasant will not receive preferential lending now. He will take a commercial loan to extinguish all these problems. And it must be supported in this sense. And further in the same parallels to solve the issues of shipping grain, which accumulated at bakery enterprises and elevators. That is, free the market.

Find this grain some way out. We need to look for consumers in a civilized, negotiate. This is a painstaking work. There are 3 million tons - they need to be laid out on the shelves: 700 thousand tons for food inside the region, 700 thousand - free goals (poultry farms and pig farms). Naturally, they are now purchased in an independent order. But, nevertheless, I believe that the government could take some more specific participation in this. The most important thing is in our history 25 years ago, from which I pushed away. There were different years, both crop and lean, and prices fell, and then grew, but in any case, power, and it was different during this time, was looking for support and exit options. Or I bought grain from a peasant using the instruments of that time. Or agreed with federal structures on the purchase of a reserve fund, looking for some other consumers, building relationships. They tried to solve the tariff policy.

And in general, in general, in general, about the prospect, then, in my opinion, the peasant himself must understand that one should not go further on one wheat. There are a lot of it in the country. These problems - they will always be. The yield of 35–40 centners for the Novosibirsk region is not out of the number. There are a lot of farms that have such high results, not only Yuri Fedorovich Bugakov. And most of them clung to wheat, very well and sensibly learned to do this. But I repeat once again - we need diversification of crops. We import about 250 thousand tons of soybeans, it grows worse with us, of course, than in the Far East, but we also have 8 centners per hectare, and today it is 48, and we are almost not surprised. There are varieties, there are technologies. There are farms in the Krasnozersky district, which received 25–28 centners of soybeans. And in today's situation, even 5 centners per hectare soy will be more effective than 35 centners per hectare of wheat.

Taiga.info: What is the price now?

- For wheat - at best, 4–4.5 thousand rubles per ton. But this is also impossible, because the market is worth it. And, of course, the peasant has a panic and a misunderstanding of what to do.

Taiga.info: You mentioned that in the past years the state took part, and what is the position of the Ministry of Agriculture of the Novosibirsk Region now?

- They are preoccupied with this situation, but basically now they are looking for ways to free from grain in export outside the Novosibirsk region. This line is correct, but it is very long. In the best case until May. But based on my practice and experience - on years. This is taken out, export and export. This is a grain, which is now on elevators, worth at least 10-11 thousand per ton. The cost of the peasant is probably 6 thousand. The same grain was purchased at intervention tenders for the price of 8 to 9 thousand. It is clear that it lay, and the state served it. And now the state move it for 5-8 thousand - these are losses. Who will go to them? Therefore, here you need a very accurate state decision. This is the level of competence of not the government of the Novosibirsk region. We must look for him above. But you need to do this. But we must also quickly respond. The Committee on Agrarian Policy and the Legislation is now being prepared for the second reading of the budget to a decision of this procedure: 100-150 million for the following form of support. I hope that the budget will be adopted in the first reading, and on November 30 we will reach amendments. The amount is not very large, but at least it gives some hope that the region, government, deputies joined this process.

Taiga.info: That is, do you advocate that the regional budget also takes part in the support of the agricultural sector?

- Necessarily. Options exist, they are quite specific. You can do without budget losses, but on the other hand, we have 4 billion rubles in state support forms. You can probably somehow change this support channel and find these resources. This is in the competence of the government and the legislative assembly.

Taiga.info: And according to the logic of intervention, it should be carried out when a large harvest and low price, as now?

- Yes.

Taiga.info: Can the region hold such interventions itself? Or is we nowhere to add?

- This thought is one of the workers. And begs the fastest. Personally, I support her. Find operators in the field. Maybe these will be elevators, maybe some large grain consumers ... give them a budget loan, fix the price of the purchase and work out using non-and-scale relations. In any case, look for such a form of support. In my opinion, it is possible. This is a regional intervention of grain, which can be used without budget loss. Different forms can be, they need to be used. And looking for only wagons is wrong. Plus, promising solutions should be. After all, we clearly understand that without shipping grain, if we decide with varieties, with cultures, we will plant an alloy and get a high harvest, the region still has huge potential in crop production. We are exporting. Therefore, we need to build our terminal in the Far East and master the Asian markets. And resolve with the government questions about tariffs, benefits. You can’t do without it.

Taiga.info: In neighboring regions, the authorities worked more quickly, and already in December they will begin interventions.

- Yes. At a meeting of deputies, we discussed the day before that Altai, the region is more agrarian than ours, worked out the situation in Moscow well, and for them a bidd of the acquisition of grain to the federal fund will be carried out. But so far it has not been able to confirm or refute the information that this decision has already taken place. But the fact that the issue in the solution is a fact.

Taiga.info: How does state support change over the years in the Novosibirsk region? Is it more or less compared to the past?

- 4 billion, as I said, is the state support, half of these funds are federal. By the way, the idea is also. I am convinced that time requires the redistribution of budget support appointments. Because we have considerable money to support even not yet created industries. They have not produced anything yet, and we gave them 10-30 million. I believe that in today's force majeure these regional programs can be frozen for a while. And direct the resources to the purchase of this grain. This is again a discussion, but the solution can be. And the sources are very close. And it will not be necessary to drag from some other area or from the reserve fund, but to find inside yourself. 4 billion is a lot of money, a serious resource. And over the past four years, it changes only towards an increase. I think that we found money for the conversation.

Taiga.info: What needs to be done to make agriculture a normal sector of the economy of the Novosibirsk region?

- Despite the drama that we are talking about today, we have many interesting projects that have already been implemented. Everyone is in hearing. We, of course, support them in the deputy environment and at the level of the legislative assembly. But, in my opinion, we have not formed an integral approach to the industry. Although we say in words that we are for farmers, for agricultural holdings, we are for classical agriculture. But so far these are only slogans. I remember that 25 years ago the peasant dreamed of one thing, about the simple: “You say what you need, and I will do it. But only so you buy it later. ” Now the same dream has remained. And today it is especially acute. Therefore, simple relationships of power and peasantry are needed.

The fact that this industry can be effective is proved by the examples of Yuri Fedorovich Bugakov, the Siberian Niva, the Russian Field, and many farms that are comprehensively engaged in animal husbandry. We must balance the industry: how many wheat to sow, how many other crops, how many cows and where. Because if you build another mega-farm, then all other small ones will “bend”. Just classic agriculture will not withstand another “Russian field” and “Siberian Niva”. These, of course, are flagships, I have nothing against it, but we must tell the peasant the truth: “You can’t do it. If you can, compete, but keep in mind - this is your risk. ” Today we did not tell him - not this wheat, we will not buy it from you. We said - this. We also reported in all the reports. Now ask the peasant the question: "Have you removed everyone?" This is a question. But this is another story - the historian about the truth.