"What did my son think about when he was dying?"

Over the past five years, 6 fishing vessels sank near the island of Sakhalin, their crews died. This fall, four sailors have already died on the island. We went out into the sea on boats - to put or check the networks - and fell overboard. At the end of October, in the Primorsky ship, in the Principles off the coast of Sakhalin, the bursting cable killed the trailmaster. On the island, this news is surprised by few - the profession of a fisherman has long become one of the most dangerous. In pursuit of profit, fish industry, without observing the basics of safety, send fishermen to dangerous flights - often for sure death.

In December 2011, during the towing from the Kamchatka shelf, the Korsakov port (Sakhalin) went to the bottom of the Kola oil platform. Such transportation in the season of storms, which just begins in the Sea of Okhotsk, was risky. But the owner of the Kola " -" Arcticmorneftegaz Vodvedka "(AMGR) in order to save money did not wait for another time. Due to the savings from Kola, 28 oil workers were not removed, who were not involved in transportation. This contradicts safety rules, but in order not to spend money on tickets, Amphr brought employees to the drilling site on the platform. Even when the roll began on the platform, the Amphr leadership did not begin to send helicopters to the crash site to pick up people. Help came almost a day later than required - the platform sank. Of the 67 people who were on Kola, only 14 were saved. The remaining 53 died in ice water.

On May 26, 2012, in the Bering Sea, a large freezer fishing trawler (BMRT) "Captain Bolsunovsky" sank from a collision with an ice. The ship went under water very quickly. Fortunately, all 90 crew members were saved. But the damage to nature was serious.

On January 26, 2013, in the Sea of Japan, during the storm, the Chance 101 vessel sank , which led to crab. The causes of the death of a schooner - a violation of safety precautions, the ship was not prepared for work in such conditions. As a result, out of 30 crew members, only 15 were saved, but one of them died on board the vessel that raised them. Approximately under the same circumstances, a year's schooner P 95-18 SE sank in the Kurils a year later. During the storm, a small vessel was anchored and turned over. One sailor died.

Now investigators of the transport prosecutor’s office are investigating the circumstances of the death of 16 ADEX fishermen.

On February 7, 2016, a team of Paramushir island by a passing ship noticed rescue buoys from a sunken ship. A little later, the wetsuits were found in the water, which are included with the life support system. There was confusion with these findings - the ADEX and Nort labeling was on the buoy. Therefore, initially announced the possible collapse of two ships. But even the fact of the disaster itself remained in question - the SOS signal did not file a signal, the border guards stated that the courts did not notify them, that they planned to go to this area. The shipowner did not report the disappearance of ships. And who is the owner of ADEX and Nort, was not known. At first, the hope was warm that some of the equipment was simply washed off from a ship or ADEX and Nort, as is constantly happening with poaching vessels, changed the name and calmly conducted fishing. But several women came to the journalists and said that their husbands-fish were stopped in touch.

The official bodies still stated that nothing was known about the ship or the fishermen, and the journalists have already found out everything about the ship and got the crew list, which had 16 sailors from Sakhalin Nevelsk, Nakhodka, Saransk, and the Mineralnye settlement of the Primorsky Territory.

ADEX (before that it was listed as a virtual, and even earlier-as Nort) turned out to be a typical poaching vessel, which constantly changes the name and flags, but not moving away from the "convenient"-that, Sierra Leone, Cambodia. The fishing was illegal, so the captain did not notify the border guards about the movements of the vessel.

Most likely, during the storm, the schooner icy and rolled over. This usually happens very quickly. The crew in ice water has no chance even in the wetsuits.

The investigation in the death case of 16 fishermen on ADEX is still far from the end. Until now, investigators refuse to call the shipowner. Perhaps they really do not know. The relatives of the dead say that the fishermen resolved the issues of employment with representatives of the coastal fishing company. This company registered in Vladivostok is controlled by one of the most influential businessmen today on Sakhalin, a close associate of Governor Oleg Kozhemyako, fish industry Oleg Kan. But the investigation does not want to confirm or refute this information.

Andrey said that during the storm it was scary - it flowed from all the cracks

Perhaps this information will never be announced. After all, who was owned by the schooner of the "partner", which sank on January 7, 2011 in the Tatar Strait, remained unknown. Cambodia flag, shipowner - a certain SGI Co.ltd, registered in the offshore zone in Belize. But this is a typical practice-as a rule, such abbreviations are hidden behind such abbreviations. It is known about the owner that the old Japanese schooners, which were sent to the shrimp, he renamed at least once a year. The ship came across poaching - and after a while it left the port in Japan, a repainted and under a new name. In order not to get confused, the owner called the schooners the varieties of whiskey.

At Tatyana Zhuravskaya, a 21-year-old son Andrei died on a “partner”. The only evidence that the son worked on that schooner is the envelope in which Andrei was given a salary - it is written by hand: the schooner "Partner". And all - no contracts, no insurance, nothing.

“Andrei called his friend to the ship, he worked as an old man,” says Tatyana. - I raised my son alone, he is my only child, constantly earned money in the summer. And then he took an academic vacation at the institute and went on a flight. The schooner was old. Andrei said that during the storm it was scary - it flowed from all the cracks. Three boys, including the son, decided to write off. On January 6, he called me early in the morning. I say that I am waiting for him, I took out a chicken from the freezer, I will cook his favorite dish - Brizol. “Remove the back,” the son answered. “I was persuaded by the old man to stay on the same move.”

On that day, many ships began to leave the place of fishing, hiding from the storm, but the captain of the "partner" decided to stay to get more shrimp, before surrendering in Japan. Captains often receive a percentage of the catch ....

- The captain was an experienced, huge man, at 60 years old, then I saw him in the morgue. The boys looked in his mouth, says Tatyana.

I still imagine what my son was thinking at the moment when he was dying? At first, he probably shouted, and then realized that everything ...

The "partner" managed to give a distress signal. "We have one rescue raft, and he is faulty." This raft after three days was found in the sea empty. The chopped corpses of fishermen then found along the entire coast of the Tatar Strait. The bodies were scattered hundreds of kilometers. One took to Cape Soya, to Japan. Andrei Zhuravsky was found after 23 days on the island of Moneron. Four members of the crew of the "partner" were never found.

- The examination showed that several fishermen drowned, but the majority, like Andryusha, had the cause of death - hypothermia. Doctors told me that dying, a person falls asleep, and his organs are disconnected one by one. I still imagine what my son was thinking at the moment when he was dying? At first, he probably shouted, and then realized that everything ...

Families of crew members of the deceased schooner did not receive any payments or compensations.

The head of the trade union of the fish industry, Sakhalin, Leonid Chura says that the fishermen are largely to blame for themselves, that they turned into a powerless mass for fish industry.

- Only according to official statistics, 13.5 thousand people are employed in the fishing industry of Sakhalin. But these data do not take into account illegal camps where they work without any documents. So the figure is 15.5 thousand closer to reality. And in the Trade Union of Fishermen of the Sakhalin Region, there are approximately 2500 members. So look who is ready to protect their rights, and who is ready for anything, if only they paid money in envelopes. They go to knowingly poaching vessels and are aware that the main profit, and their rights and security are the tenth business. Fishermen understand that there will be neither official labor contracts, nor insurance, nor guarantees. Many do not want to pay membership fees - only 1% of earnings, but they are sorry for them, ”says Leonid Chura, chairman of the regional trade union of fishermen.

From time to time, trade unions are trying to carry out shares in the fight against "convenient" flags, but nothing is fundamentally changed in the industry. On Sakhalin, for example, there is no unit of a trade union of sailors uniting trading fleet workers. I used to be, but as the members of the organization say, they survived the islands of threats.

At the same time, according to the head of the Far Eastern regional organization "Professional Union of Sailors" by Nikolai Sukhanov , the rights of sailors in the island region are violated at every step. For example, despite the fact that Russia has joined the International Convention on Sailing Salary, according to which the minimum sailor of the sailor is 614 US dollars per month is sometimes paid three times less.

- We are only Sakhalin for the last year and do. You have very bad there in compliance with the rights of sailors, ”says Nikolai Sukhanov. - We are already turning everywhere - both to the General Prosecutor's Office and the Government of the Russian Federation. There, it is useless to solve issues on your place, no one touches the violators. And the cases are really out of the ordinary, we even had to help the fishermen who remained through the fault of the Sakhalin shipowner without money in Amsterdam.

And from whom to demand, if the ship is under the flag of that, and the shipowner in offshore? I need to feed my family, and I go to where they promise to pay

But the fishermen themselves say that they do not go to the trade union because they do not believe in its protection, and not because they regret 1% of the salary.

- How will the trade union help me? - says Igor Ilyin . - Most of the vessels are poaching serifs ( ships with “convenient” flags of Panama, Cambodia or other states. - RS) . I would be glad to go to the ship, where is the contract and all guarantees, but where are they? On such ships, the crew has not been written off for years - they work without vacations. If I start to download the rights with the contract and the other, they simply will not take me to any vessel and the fame of the scandalist will go to other companies. After all, it is simply - it does not suit, went out. Yes, and from whom to demand, if the ship is under the flag of that, and the shipowner in offshore? I need to feed my family, and I go to where they promise to pay. And perhaps, among the crew of the "Far East" there were members of the trade union, only what did it help them when the ship went to the bottom?

The trawler "Far East" sank in 2015 during the Providence of the polish. The huge BMRT fell on his side and went under the water in 15 minutes. Other vessels quickly came to the rescue, more than 10 gathered them to the crash site, but the water temperature was about 0, and not everyone was enough for places in rafts and wetsuits. 69 people died, 63 managed to save. The cause of the tragedy was systemic violations of safety rules - the number of crew members was exceeded on the ship, there was a serious overload in the number of fish caught. But the main thing, in order for the "Far East" to be able to catch more polions, in tanks almost did not pump the water, which is needed for stability, and cut off the bulkheads that provide buoyancy.

Although even now there is an inspection of the Russian sea register, there is a port control, but experience shows that with all these bodies you can "agree" in which case.

“It is almost impossible to flood such a ship, I know this series,” says the captain, who has worked at sea for almost 30 years, Nikolai Avanesov . - The system of bust allows him to stay on the water even in the case of a large hole. But there was just no border. It’s hard for me to believe it, but they were cut to load more fish. I don’t understand how the ship’s inspection ( the Russian Marine Register of Shipping, and the Minor Supervision of the Technical Supervision, which subordinate to the Ministry of Supervision of technical supervision. - RS ) was released with such changes in the design.

The fact that the fleet security system is practically destroyed, many experts say today.

“The fleet security system now and in Soviet times differs only in that it was in Soviet times, but now it is not,” says Nikolai Kostin , an employee of the South Sakhalinsk naval rescue. - Although now there is an inspection of the Russian sea register, there is a port control, but experience shows that with all these bodies you can "agree" in which case. And in Soviet times and now the main concern for safety was on a shipowner. Some fishing collective farm or the base of the trawl fleet was interested in the vessel to depart the entire expedition, which lasted 4-6 months to fulfill the plan. And now the fish producer is only interested in profit - reducing expenses and raising income. In addition, for all post -perestroika times, only a few new ships came on Sakhalin. Fishermen were given benefits that they would update the fleet, but in fact 90% of the vessels are old, written off Korean-Japanese pelvings that have long developed a resource.

In the spring of this year, the court began in the death of the Far East. Several leaders of Magellan LLC, a shipowner, were in the dock. But there is no general director in court. He is hiding in South Korea.

Each such tragedy makes us say that the previous fleet security system is completely destroyed, and nothing has been created in return. There is no control of the ships going to sea. But these conversations are quickly calmed down. Until the next tragedy.