Yuri Gorlin: The boundaries of working capacity

Yuri Gorlin Worker at the scene of the accident AGN "Moscow" / Photo: Nikerichev Andrey

The Russian government is developing a plan for a more active inclusion of older people in the economy, the Izvestia newspaper writes. According to them, the Cabinet of Ministers plans to stimulate the employment of older people - including through the development of the Institute of Mentoring, as well as with the help of vocational training.

Recall, according to the Ministry of Economic Development by 2020, the population of Russia of working age will decrease by 3.1 million people. It is these figures that are contained in the macrocrognosis of the department for 2018–2020. At the same time, experts believe: it will be possible to reduce the loss of labor number to 1 million people, if you realize measures aimed at stimulating the employment of senior citizens, as well as at the study of the mechanism for quota of jobs for disabled people and involving women in entrepreneurial activity.

The press service of the Ministry of Labor and Social Protection to journalists of the newspaper also reported that to compensate for losses from reducing the population at working age will prevent the prevention of accidents in production and improving working conditions.

As for the elderly, their number in Russia is really large: according to Rosstat, the share of Russians older than working age (that is, women over 55 and men over 60) came close to 25% (24.9% as of January 1, 2017). According to the average demographic forecast of Rosstat, by 2025 this share will reach 27%, which will be more than 40 million people. At the same time, the concept of “active longevity” for many Russians is still an abstract concept that has no great relation to real life, the Kommersant newspaper notes.

Merchant in the market / pixabay.com

At the same time, according to the results of the study of the VTsIOM , conducted on September 25-26, 2017 (1,200 people were interviewed; the sample was built on the basis of a full list of telephone numbers involved in the territory of the Russian Federation), in general, the aging of Russians does not scare (as 73% of the survey participants answered). And the concept of active longevity is directly related to this: according to the survey, 17% of all respondents believe that their favorite interesting work allows people to stay younger longer, and 17% of 62%, who believe that there are advantages in old age, call the opportunity to do their favorite business.

Yuri Gorlin, Deputy Director of the Institute of Social Analysis and Prediction of the RANEPAS, agreed to comment for Polit.ru for Polit.ru. According to him, at present, an objective process is already observed that meets the aspirations of the government to more active involvement of the population of older ages in labor activity.

“Problems with labor in Russia can soon worsen. Actually, an increase in the retirement age, if and when it is, is also aimed at solving this problem. And the next ten years is the most suitable time for this change, since the relatively small population of young age will enter the labor market during this period (due to demographic waves). In light of this, an increase in the retirement age will be less risky from the point of view of employment of elderly persons; And, in addition, this will compensate for the lack of labor resources for the labor market.

I must say that, in principle, the age limit of working capacity is gradually moving away. There is a clear tendency to reduce what is called hard work. Relatively speaking, the proportion of those who stand with Matrenov furnaces and works in the face is decreasing, and the proportion of those who are busy with a less difficult work in the physical sense is growing. So the possibilities of employment in older ages are growing. And this is normal, it is positive - because the longer a person works, the longer he is in the best shape. In a word, we are talking about an objectively existing process, and I do not see anything critical in this.

Blacksmith at the workplace / pixabay.com

Ideally, the longer people work, the better. Of course, in the event that their physical and psychological form allows you to do this. This is called “active longevity”, and, from my point of view, this phenomenon is positive. Another question is that older women often have a new function - they become grandmothers, they devote a lot of time to grandchildren. So for a more active inclusion of such women in the economy, it is necessary that their daughters, young mothers, have the opportunity to determine children in preschool children's institutions - kindergartens, nursery.

There is also a problem with this. True, I must say that now the old -style family, when the grandmothers were sitting with the children, is already a thing of the past. Now in Russia this, of course, does not look like in the West, where this is not accepted at all, but still, now we have such a distribution of roles less than before. This is especially noticeable in large cities.

Thus, the process of more active inclusion of older people in the economy is already happening, even without the government adoption of special measures - occurs both due to objective reasons and by virtue of the interest of the people themselves in continuing to work. It seems to me that in the presence of conditions, people are always interested in continuing to work-because, firstly, leaving for retirement, they significantly lose their income, and secondly, they carry moral, mental and even physical damage.

So more and more active inclusion of older people in the economy is a normal and objective process. The problem is that these people really can find work - or not lose it. But due to the lack of labor resources (of course, provided that there will be some economic growth) of the possibility of employment in older people may increase, ”explained Yuri Gorlin.

Pensioners by the sea / Pixabay.com

Earlier, Yuri Gorlin, commenting on media allegations that the Ministry of Labor is discussing the idea of ​​increasing minimal pension experience, said that such a measure was considered by experts, however, contrary to press reports, it was never proposed to use it instead of raising the retirement age. According to him, on the contrary, experts always considered it necessary to use them together, moreover, in conjunction with a number of other measures.

“In fact, it is necessary to do both of them - and increase the retirement age, and increase the minimum insurance experience. Plus, this is necessary for the implementation of a number of measures: the withdrawal of salaries "from the shadow", reform of early pensions and so on, ”said Yuri Gorlin.

See also:Yuri Gorlin on the reform of the Pension System of the Ministry of Labor refuted the increase in minimum experience, the Minister of Labor of the Russian Federation Pre -Personal Pensions