"We are put on their knees"

The government proposes in 2018 to increase the amount of financial assistance for those moving to the Far East to a million rubles. Thus, along with the program "Far Eastern Hectare" and the creation of "Territories of a leading development ", it is supposed to develop this region and attract more residents here. The correspondent of Siberia. Reali learned how to live the current immigrants in the Amur Region, and talked with the indigenous people of the region about how real the new plans of the Russian government were.

"We live how it lives"

In the Amur Region, two years ago, not quite ordinary immigrants settled - the Old Believers who came here from Uruguay and received land and full support of local authorities in the Amur region. The ancestors of the immigrants in 1917 fled from the Russian Revolution, first to China, and then to Uruguay. And then after almost a century 27 people - five families - decided to return to their historical homeland.

The road to the houses of the Old Believers is not asphalt, but you can drive without any problems. Along it, a brand new power lip stretches into the forest. Several solid houses on the hill. In the district, the river, forest, field. Pastoral. In the yard, technology winter, behind the chopped firewood. Quiet.

Seeing strangers, a man with a gray -haired salary beard comes out. This is the head of the Old Believer community Fedor Kilin . He is clearly not very happy guests. The Old Believers, as they have been accepted for centuries, live quite closed. Fedor Klimov does not call into the house, but communicates politely. The phrases are steep with a clear Old Slavonic accent. The Amur region - his third place of residence in Russia ( before that, returning from Uruguay, tried to settle in Belgorodchina and Primorye. - SR ).

- We took root so far here. I would not go here from Dersu ( the village of Old Believers to Primorye. - SR ). But the children came here, and they need an older one.

- Why did they decide to move from Primorye? What was missing there?

- I had enough. It was not enough for them, children. And I don't need much. So, a pashenka. Corn and planted potatoes. What for ourselves, and excesses on the road we go out and sell to the road.

- Are the lands fertile?

- Good, we do not complain. Especially the pumpkin was disfigured this year. We feed the cattle to her.

- What cattle do you have?

- Lights and cows of pieces of fifteen. Just the son has now left to trade in the city with milk and cottage cheese in the market. In Blagoveshchensk, he sells a woman a friend to a woman. She buys and is already distributing her by order.

- How do your children get used to a new place, receive a local education?

- The grandchildren are full of the house, the elders have left, and we look after the kids. They go to study at school, or rather, teachers go to us.

There is nothing mine, all my son. I still have a son, in a week or two will come here. Today, one arrived with Uruguay, stopped in the next yard

- Do you have a big village today?

- Four yards. I still have a son, in a week or two will come here. Today, one arrived with Uruguay, stopped in the next yard. Resting from the road. From Primorye, another one wanted to move to us through the first, but his brothers did not let him in. Good man, everyone needs him.

- How did the local authorities meet you, help?

- Yes, nothing, everything is fine.

- Will you expand?

-The son will probably build something else. They give help, how is it? Grant. They were already given one.

- What are you planning in the near future?

- Plans? We never plan anything at all. We sit down, the time will come - we remove, the time will come - we eat. We are like gypsies - here and there. We live as it lives.

The Old Believers are not going to the warm Uruguay - they were quite satisfied with how they were met by the authorities of the Amur Region. Today, the community has 1592 Earth , in the future, the authorities promise more. Five cows were presented to the immigrants, grants were given a total amount of 5 million for the development of the farm, repaired the road, and carried out a power line. And Governor himself Alexander Kozlov invites them to tea.

MINICTP PASTITY DALL BOCTO POCCIA ALECCANDP GALALYSHKA puts the Amur Region as an example to all other regions:

- AMYPARITARY ONE OF AMENT AND GUBEPPNAPP, to the job, they will say the case of a matter of the rest of the COOLOTENTYSTYSTYSTYNIKS. GLAVNEE NAPOP and PLANKY Take the same way, however a cue for the CEC. For the same time, a friend of the Lychshi is a granted passage of the PEAPOTAL COPOPOTE COTAPOPOBLEDSAM.

"Everyone pulled out brickly and calmed down"

The side of the side with the settlement of the Old Believers, 10 kilometers from the city of Svobodny, which President Putin himself entrusted to develop , there is the village of Novgorod. An unremarkable village in which there is neither modern technology, nor roads, nor other signs of the assistance of the authorities and belonging to the territory of outer development. Alexander Galushka does not say about her, and the Governor of Kozlov does not suit tea parties with her inhabitants.

The once prosperous state farm today inhabits a little more than 700 people. The only road leads to the center of the settlement. Here, the building of the administration, mail and the club are located next door. On his wooden building is a huge banner: "Take a hectare! Become a Far East!"

Having noticed the strangers, Baba Katya is interested in the reason for the visit - as she asks herself to be called. We explain to her that we want to know how the locals live in the territories of advanced development.

- What development?! Nothing is developing here, no one helps. We have no production. There was cattle, there is a large barn, complex. They lived beautifully. We are from the Mazanovsky district ( North of the Amur region. - SR ) came here in 1987. What beauty was - you are going, the eye rejoices. There are tomatoes, there is cabbage. I worked on vegetables. Remember there is something. And then the state farm broke up, people pulled all over the brick and calmed down on this. One farmer Koshelev has a well done, restores everything that is in power. It gives people a job. Sowed the fields along the road - you go and admire how they are flapping. Nostalgia ... and recently the Old Believers came to us. Who had left Uruguay from Russia before. I myself have not been there, but the people say that they are unleasant: they put the fence, hung the castle, they started dogs, and they didn’t let anyone in. You better go to the farmer, there are his grain and workshops there, and nearby the house is so chic, do not miss.

"Nobody needs agriculture at the moment"

In three houses from the administration, a courtyard with a carved fence, a Japanese SUV is parked nearby. Without such transport in local areas, do not pass. The same farmer Yuri Koshelev , a strong man in a special forces and felt boots, disgracely looks around the visitors, but agrees to talk about the All -Russian construction sites in the neighborhood.

-Here Gazprom and the cosmodrome began, but specifically so that someone came to us and said: let's not be somewhere, but you have no products, this is not! Everyone is being taken from Altai, Barnaul. Nobody needs agriculture now. All the attention of Gazprom, lamps, oil pipe, cosmodrome! In Western countries, agriculture is supported. I don’t see this with us, ”Yuri Vladimirovich is angry. - Since 2000, I began to work as a farmer. Then they began to pay little attention to agriculture. The first subsidies, subsidies, some help appeared. And so the year until 2013-14, and then the help curled up and the pressure, imposition began. If you want subsidies, subsidies or some grants, go to livestock. Prior to this, the support was really going: on the hectare, in fuel, to elite seeds. And now, it seems to me, they will simply collapse LPH ( personal utility farms. - SR ). If you do not have livestock, you automatically lose all the support.

“ Why don't you want to try to have cows?”

- Why do I need this?! The cow needs to be grown, but for this the conditions are needed, you need to have something. People, base and everything else! Well, it’s not just that I painted with a pencil on the leaflet, and everything went further to work. They, of course, are simple there, but in fact it is not at all. I remember a few years ago they brought cows from Australia and they offered us. I set the conditions for them, I say, I will take cows, and you will help me build cowsheds, everything else. And make at least 10-15 years a deferred on payments. Let me develop! And watch me. If you do not like how I work, then we will talk differently. They refused, they say, everyone would have considered money. That's the whole answer. We had such a farmer-Danilov, who took 100 with something of the heads of this cattle, and five years later he went bankrupt. There it was immediately clear that this was utopia! There cows were twice as expensive than our local elite. Take any farm that turns on cows - at least one profitable name! If the state supports, gives some subsidies and so on, then this may compensate for everything. And if you work yourself ...

According to the results of the year, the Free Thor was ahead of the entire Far East in terms of investments. The Ministry of Health announced contracts with investors by almost a billion rubles. In turn, the Amur authorities have repeatedly emphasized that local business would be involved in the service of these large projects.

- Our task is to make our niches to the maximum of our Amur entrepreneurs, and not representatives of Western companies. We will bring businessmen, show them options where you can accommodate, which rooms are available in free for ransom and rent. Plus, let's talk about preferential financing programs. We have opened a Bank, oriented exclusively to work with entrepreneurs. There are programs designed specifically for the Far East, this is the lending of a business working in single -industry towns, which, by the way, is free, this is the “Far Eastern Hectar” - it can be interesting to entrepreneurs of the Svobodnensky district, ”the Minister of Foreign Economic Relations, Tourism and Entrepreneurship of the region Sergey Dmitrienko announced .

However, in practice, according to Yuri Koshelev, it is not so easy to get the promised business. In order to be noticed, you need to "light up" in an entrepreneurial association. There are similar structures in all areas of the Amur region, including Svobrane. They organize training seminars, conduct consultations and can vouch for a small business in a bank. But in order to join such an association, it is necessary to make membership fees and fill out a lot of papers. For a simple plowman, this is unrealistic.

- That is, at first you must invest there, in the general boiler of the Union of businessmen. Then someone flies, someone is supporting, ”the entrepreneur shares the nuances. - To achieve this support, you need to prove that it is you who need. That is, he contributed money - and they may not return. There, mainly, attention to large holding enterprises. It's like insurance. Drought or rain - you still need to collect the papers and beat your head against the wall so that it is all out. As with the flood was ( in 2013, the entire Far East was drowning from the spill rivers.-SR ). I have the whole island ( the territory where the fields of the farmer are located. - SR ) swam. 70% and more drowned. And they specifically indicated the areas for which they will pay. And no more than half.

The main culture in the economy of the Amur farmer is soy. In the fall, the Amur region harvested another record crop - 1.3 million tons. Despite the fact that throughout the country this figure is 4.5 million tons. But the farmers are not happy with this, but rather the opposite. Even the processing of these legumes of the oil-extraction plant near Belogorsky, who began in 2017, does not save in 2017.

“What are the prospects here,” Koshelev shrugs his hands. - This year, prices were cut off for the purchase of soy. Before, everything was centralized. There was a plan. There was no oversupply. This is the omission of the leadership from above. If only they would say that it is not necessary to sow much. You can take something to the MEZ, but they want to take for nothing there, despite the fact that the diesel fuel and the cost of everything are growing. Compared to the year before last, purchase prices are two times lower. So they do not always take it, an excess, everything is clogged!

In other states, they try to support agricultural producers. And we have on the contrary. They stuff their pocket, and we are put on our knees

There is nowhere to put her! Everyone was waiting for the opening of the ice crossing with China, hoped that purchase prices would rise. It opened, and the prices remained the same! When they give abroad for nothing - this is a blow in the back from their own! They would set the conditions for the Chinese or resellers. They say expand, increase, but how to work further? Why do they accept from us at this price, I can’t understand?! In other states, they try to support agricultural producers. And we have on the contrary. They stuff their pocket, and we are put on our knees.

- Have you tried to re -profile?

- And the meaning? We sit potatoes, the same thing turns out. If 2013 to recall, there was no potatoes throughout the Far East due to the flood of potatoes. We dug up a little, but could not pass. Not only do there are no prices, they don’t take it, they were waiting for free help. And in the end they brought some incomprehensible and sold at the same price. And they promised something for free. It turns out that someone heated his hand and that.

- Have you felt on your household that now you are treating the territory of outstanding development?

- We thought when the cosmodrome began to be built, that it would be possible to attach its products, but also nothing happened. I do not know how it was delivered there, but I did not feel anything, no changes personally on my household.

Of course, Yuri Koshelev, of course, knew the fact that next door to Novgorod several years ago. As well as the fact that the Governor of the Amur Region announced the bill on free transfer of land to members of such communities from 2.5 to 20 hectares. Local natives about such help can only dream.

Someone from the outside is going to us, they try to support them. Yes, I understand, it is hard for people. But from Ukraine they already came to us: they received the money and went back

-Old Believers-this is generally some kind of interesting topic. The governor supports. And we are connected, then feed by them, then straw. There would be such attention to us ... After all, we could help ours with something, who needs help. How do we get? Someone from the outside is going to us, the same refugees are Ukrainian or former compatriots, they are trying to support them. Yes, I understand, it is hard for people. But from Ukraine they already came to us: they received the money and went back. Now here are the Uruguayans, ”complains Yuri Koshelev. - The governor gave them cows. They came to me: help me to stoop livestock. I sowed. To remove, I say, you yourself will. They agreed. Time by the fall, came from the ministry - help them remove them. We explain to them-it’s time to somehow solve these problems ourselves, why we are constantly running to us. And in response: everyone was promised here. Maybe someone really lured them here with promises, but he doesn’t. So why should others pull them?!

Today, in the Amur region, not only the Old Believers from Uruguay are waiting for the Amur Region. In mid -January, it became known that those who will decide to move to the Far East to a particular employer, the Russian government will pay a million. This is four times more than before. In the Amur Region, the population of which has declined by almost a quarter over the past 30 years, this idea causes an ambiguous reaction.

How do you feel about the government’s new initiative to pay a million rubles of lifting to immigrants to the Far East? With such a question, the publication "Siberia. Reali" turned to passers -by on the streets of Blagoveshchensk:

Andrey, ophthalmologist, 30 years:

- I myself was offered such a lifting five years ago after the end of the Amur State Medical Academy. And I went for them to Sakhalin, it was necessary to work there for several years to cash the certificate. But literally in a month I was noticed and invited to a private clinic, they immediately gave housing, three times more salaries. And most importantly, regular advanced training in the best clinics in the country and the world. And I refused these lifting. But now I have a gorgeous career and the name that people go to.

Vitaliy, trading representative, 26 years old:

- Nothing will change from this decision of the government. Just giving money is not enough, it is necessary to create conditions for years to come. To be confidence in the future. And no one has this today.

Catherine, young mother twins:

- Money should not be given for people to come to the Far East. They must be given to stay here. And in fact - what is a million rubles? In the euro, this is still a significant amount, and in rubles it will be wasted and you will not notice. With our prices and tariffs, this is not money for a long time.

Yuri, sociologist:

- When it comes to a million rubles in order to settle here, build a house, start an economy and so on, this is a little money. But for someone, this million would have a certain effect. The question is, who to give this million? This must be offered youth with a certain level of education. Not everyone today is seduced in a million. But for some startup, this may turn out to be a significant amount.

Sergey, an employee of the Russian Guard:

- From the specifics of my work, I see in this, rather, disadvantages. In Blagoveshchensk, people are already embittered, constantly provoke conflicts on trifles. Men and women, and behave in this state, to put it mildly, inappropriately, drink a lot. So behind this million it is still not clear who will come. You can’t lure normal people with this program, for them it is not money.