Each user of social networks may be in court. Barnaul's report, where the courts are put on the conveyor for the pictures

The Altai city of Barnaul since the spring of this year is the capital of Russian extremism. Today, three criminal cases under Art. 282 and Art. 148 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation, excited against citizens who have preserved pictures in their social networks. There are three people completely different and unfamiliar to this case: a photographer, a student, a director of the director's faculty and a builder who has a little son and wife. Each of them faces up to six years in prison - for the excitement of hatred and insulting the feelings of believers. The correspondent of Novaya met with the accused, who, even before the sentence, fell into the "list of terrorists and extremists" of Rosfinmonitoring.

Barnaul is the administrative center of the Altai Territory. Many immediately have an association: mountains with snow tops, ate emerald lakes. But these beauties are not here: Barnaul is an industrial city, from it to the mountain resort zone - about five hours by car. Locals complain that there is absolutely nothing to do here.

The fact that in the city in recent months there are meetings, where people are judged for memes in VKontakte, became known at the end of July. Now, if you ask Gugl about Barnaul, it pops up in a row continuous “extremism”. The history of Maria Motuznaya received especially wide publicity. The lawyer of the Agora, Alexei Bushmakov, took up her case, he defended the video blogger Ruslan Sokolovsky, who also took place under Article 282 (“The excitement of hatred or enmity”). Bushmakov says that it remains only to hope for the European Court of Human Rights.

Part 1. Crime

Maria Motuznaya barely manages to enter the territory of the court, as he immediately finds herself in a crowd of chambers from local television and from federal channels. She refused to interview federal channels personally, but during a kind of press approach, you can’t choose journalists from the court. Maria is worried about the message with which the plots will be released. Then it is surprised that all the videos eventually turn out to be neutral-informational, and sometimes it even seems to be in its support.

The motive studies for the director. In the coming months, I planned to go to China, still learn, and then, perhaps, to stay there. Now she threatens for six years for the pictures that she retained in VKontakte two years ago.

Mary came to Mary early in the morning of May 8. There was no parents at home, she still slept when they knocked on the door. Three operatives broke into the apartment, almost knocking the girl off their feet, raid something about the search and began to sort through Maria's things in a businesslike way. She grabbed the phone to dial her parents, - the policeman ordered to put aircraft mode. The operatives began to endure all the equipment, for some reason they opened the bottles of spirits-as Maria says, "they suspected that the flash cards were hidden there."

- When they searched everything, I had a quiet hysteria. I began to joke stupid jokes, for some reason asked: "Is this all because of Navalny?" They answered me: "You don’t dig a grave for yourself."

Maria went to opposition rallies, to Navalny got a job as a volunteer to work at the local headquarters. It does not exclude that this could be one of the reasons for the search for extremism in her apartment.

Already in the department, Maria finally told what the accusation consists of. The policeman showed a printout of two years ago from her remote page on VKontakte.

The pictures were, in particular, the following: the clergyman stands at the candles and under him the inscription: "Have you also dreamed of becoming a businessman in childhood?" Or a famous picture of the procession on the network, which goes along a broken road with puddles, the inscription: "Two main troubles of Russia."

Laughing, Maria talks about the most unusual find of the police. Unusual, because I never thought that they could punish this person. It was a screen from a viral video where Navalny was compared with Adolf Hitler. The picture was not published, it was simply stored on a computer. "I had no words, I tell them, you are, what is Navalny."

The policeman threatened Maria with a prison if she does not plead guilty, and if she does as they ask, "he will work a year at the state - and no criminal record." Under the dictation, the girl wrote a confession.

- I repeated on paper how he described these memes, it was so funny. Especially about the Patriarch: "When I took a box of Kagora and cursed harlots to his yacht - SCHS BIT meat." They sat with such serious faces. One investigator said to me so strictly: “I am also a believer, Maria, and it’s unpleasant for me to listen to it now.”

Mary was charged with two articles: “The excitement of hatred or enmity” (part 1 of article 282 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation) and “insulting the feelings of believers” (part 1 of article 148 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation). According to the first, the maximum punishment is 5 years in prison, the second year. Motuznaya was informed that her name was included in the register of extremists and terrorists, which means that without any trial she has now blocked bank accounts and there are no prospects for employment. She took her a subscription about the loss and only then - issued the case file. Studying them, the motorcycle found that two girls were passing in the case in her case. This is Anastasia Bitner and Daria Isaenko - students of the Faculty of Law of the Altai branch of the RANEPA.

Betner and Isaenko “like believers” told law enforcement agencies that they would not leave pictures on the network by unpunished ones. True, it is still incomprehensible how applicants could be offended by memes from a remote page of a motive.

As soon as the surnames of the "offended" became known on the Internet, users of social networks began to spread their photos with the text "The country should know their heroes." Betner and Isaenko deleted their pages on VKontakte, and at the same time wrote a statement about threats, accusing the motorcycle. For the fact that she published information about them on her page. “They were offended again! Damn, how much can you already? " - asks Masha.

Part 2. Court

At his first court hearing in the life of the court, Maria alone sits in the front row, nervously sorting his fingers, it is clear that he is very worried. They quietly ask nearby: "Masha, are you in shock, that there are so many people?" She, looking around, answers scaredly: "Of course, in shock." He says that she was immediately ready for a pre -trial detention center, however, she did not know that they were taken there only with those things that at that moment with you. “A friend said to me:“ Masha, did you take something with you? You will sit with this for the first ten days. ” And I understand that I do irresponsibly, even there is no cigarette. ”

The meeting lasts no more than half an hour. The girl recalls her guilty admission, says that she was put on pressure, and the case is transferred into the general order of consideration. That is, one of the next meetings will now be called by the already famous witnesses. Famous, because they have already been salted on the process in a similar case against 19-year-old Daniil Markin.

After the meeting, together with Maria and her friends we sit in a cafe and discuss how accidentally investigators choose “extremists” from pictures.

The acquaintance of Maria says that in 2013 she was practiced in the local Investigative Committee and saw how they were looking for people to “be offended”.

She herself did not take part in this, but noticed how others did it. According to her, SK employees on computers have a folder with a huge number of forbidden memes. They “go -ahead” the picture and see at what addresses it is published. Often these are someone's pages in VKontakte. To give the situation, “randomness” includes witnesses who allegedly stumble upon extremist pages.

Talking about the worst version of the punishment, Maria sighs: "I still hope that I will only get off with a criminal." The waiter passing by is frightenedly rounds his eyes. The guys laugh: "Have you seen her reaction?" The girl nods: "That's always like this now!"

Part 3. Another defendant

Daniil Markin wrote a denunciation a year ago, several meetings have already passed in his case, and a sentence is expected in the fall. He, like a motley, takes place in two articles - “The excitement of hatred” and “insulting the feelings of believers”. The defendant assumes that the students of Bitner and Isaenko took place in law enforcement agencies and received such a kind of task: to write statements for people for pictures.

The assumption looks believable. On the website of the Altai branch of the RANEPA, you can find information about the competition of social videos "I am against extremism." Students are invited to participate in the competition and win an unknown prize. "Another chance for students of our Academy to prove themselves!" - Calls an ad. The competition reportedly is organized with the support of the Ministry of Education and Science of Russia. “I think they turned to the university from the Investigative Committee,” Daniel suggests. It is the Investigative Committee of the Altai Territory that belongs to a video that was dispersed on the Internet in July, in which a 16 -year -old boy puts likes and makes reposts on social networks, and then is behind bars.

Daniel comes to the court of Mary, distracting all journalistic cameras for himself. The case, as Danya says, "rallied them as relatives."

Markin lives with his grandparents in the center of Barnaul. Against him in July 2017, the same worked mechanism was launched: a search, removal of all equipment and blocking all bank accounts. When asked why he did not talk about his business earlier, Daniel replies that his parents categorically banned him to write something on social networks after this incident. “If with someone, God forbid, my story will be repeated, what would I recommend ...” the young man thinks. “Write down to yourself on a monitor: in a conversation with the police, refuse to testify against yourself in accordance with the 51st article of the Constitution.”

Daniil is also judged for "insulting the feelings of believers." One of his “criminal” pictures is a photo of actor John Snow from the American series “Game of Thrones” with the signature “Verily Risen”.

The next court session in the Daniel case will take place the day after the start of the trial. Usually he did not have a press at the trial, his story remained unknown until Maria helped with the spread of information on the network. Judge Marina Molokoedova reacts intensely to the appearance of journalists, interviews each present in the hall: "Why are you here?" Journalists reply that the meeting is open. The judge agrees: "Well, okay."

The witness comes in - senior district police officer Ivan Papsulin. He says that Markin's face is "kind of familiar." He begins to recall how Grandma Markina called the policeman to talk with her grandson, because he was sitting at the computer a lot. Reports that grandmother Markin has icons around the house. The prosecutor, squinting, is interested in:

"What did the grandmother say about Markin's attitude to religion?" "She said that her grandson does not share her attitude to religion, he is an unbeliever." The judge sighs doomedly: "I see." In the hall, someone exclaims: "We will plant all atheists now?"

During the answers of Markin and when reading the case file, Judge Molokoedov constantly smiles.

“It’s most incomprehensible with work now,” Danya answers the question of journalists after the meeting. - If, for example, I wanted to get a job at the same McDonald's, they would not have taken me, I am in the register, and no one needs terrorists at work.

Part 4. Conveyor

It is difficult to find the work and father of the little son of 38-year-old Andrei Shasherin. He is a builder, usually accepts private orders. Now I took a break, spends all the time searching for a lawyer, whose services are not enough for services. True, now, having learned about the details of the case, lawyers from Open Russia, Memorial and Agora suggested defending him in court.

Andrei in general, it seems, is the wildest story. The first information about him was given by the same Maria Motuznaya, who by that time had the contacts of many journalists. Andrei wrote to her a message in capital letters: “Your help is very necessary! Please help. ” Last year, the family of Shasherin burned the house. There was no money for a new one, I had to take a loan and buy a room - 12 square meters.

Now Andrei’s credit account has been blocked because of his name in the list of extremists and terrorists-he can no longer pay for the apartment, the bank charges huge fines for delay.

On March on March 6 in the morning, the door of the apartment began to kick. Police in civilian, three masks and witnesses broke into the room. Andrei was set to face the wall, immediately put on handcuffs and, without explaining anything, said: "You will go with us." He was taken to the police station, while one of the police officers remained to follow his wife and child.

Elena's wife led her son to kindergarten, the policeman followed her to the floor where the group of the child was located. Then he said that she would not go to any work either. Elena was brought to the department, where Andrei and his father were interrogated, who also had a search. The statement “On the Office of Feelings” was also written on Shasherin. Two other girls, Andrei does not remember their surnames. The articles that are charged with him, like the other two accused, motorcycle and Markin, 282 and 148. Shaherin says that the police, showing printed pictures from the Internet for a few seconds, immediately moved to threats.

- They said that "you will go to the pre -trial detention center from the office if you do not admit guilt."

They scared that in the kindergarten, they learned that his father is a criminal and an extremist.

That son will continue to have problems with study. That with such an article, none of the relatives will get a job in a budgetary institution anymore.

Andrei tells, and his voice trembles, it is clear that he is very worried. Around him, a five -year -old son with a toy pistol is breaking around him, often asks his father to insert yellow round bullets into the toy. Andrei buys ice cream to his son - he is happy, periodically assent his father: “Yes, for sure, three came in masks!”

Shacherin says that after consulting a lawyer, he refused to admit guilt. Then the investigator Anton Kostyko, who conducts the criminal case of Andrei, appointed him a compulsory psychiatric examination, and the district court on July 24 issued a decision on the placement of Shasherin in a psychiatric station. On August 31, an appeal was appointed by this decision.

Pictures preserved by Andrei also allegedly insulted someone's feelings. On one of them, for example, is a priest and signature: “He sinned? Read our Crimea three times. ”

Andrei says that he will insist on conducting a second examination of memes. Shasherin does not consider experts to be experts who, looking at the picture with Patriarch Kirill and his expensive hours, wrote that this is “a demonstration of a negative attitude towards the Patriarch as a representative of power structures”. “Our patriarch is power, it means,” says Andrei. - I talked with many lawyers. Including from Navalny’s headquarters, they also believe that all this is linden. ”

- I never went to Navalny to rallies. Yes, and would not go, I consider them meaningless. But they told me that he had a good legal service, so he turned to them, ”says Shasherin. Daniil Markin also turned to Navalny for help, and Maria Motuznaya was suggested by the head of the legal service Ivan Zhdanov.

Andrei looks at the running son for a long time, tells about lawyers and suddenly says in a whisper: “I think nothing will come of them.” "Who?" I ask. “Well, here they have, at these fighters,” Andrei replies. - Have you been to Masha's meeting? Have you seen what was happening with the judge? He was all pale there, greeted, seeing so many press. So this noise is not in vain. It will save at least someone's life. ”

Epilogue. Bobrova, Denisov and Angel

When we flew from Barnaul to Moscow, it became known that in the Altai Territory we managed to start another criminal case for the pictures. With searches according to a familiar scheme, they came back in April, but the accused did not know how to tell about it. Now, when a public noise has risen, every story will be heard.

Anton Angel is a civil activist from the city of Zarinsk. The apartment where he lives with his mother came because of the statements of two users of VKontakte, who, as usual, suddenly came across Anton's page and found something forbidden there. What exactly - the angel is still not reported. Only the surnames of conscious citizens - Bobrov and Denisov know. From the materials of the case it is clear that the local center “E” has been following the social networks of the angel since 2016, but this is most likely because of his civil activity. While the angel is hinting that they allegedly found something offensive against the Jews on his page.

At the end of July, Maria Antonenko, an artist from Moscow, brought a criminal case for publishing a caricature based on the opposition rally on May 5 “He is not a king for us”.

The girl faces up to five years in prison for extremism. In this case, it consists in depicting police officers biting their teeth protesting.

На жительницу Хакасии завели уголовное дело об экстремизме за пост о притеснении коренного населения (в данном случае обошлось без картинок). Лидия Баинова написала в «ВКонтакте» гневный текст о том, что в игровую комнату ресторана Абакана ее дочь не пустили со словами «вход только русским».

В Твери завели уголовное дело на Сергея Соколова, обвиняемого по той же 282 статье за публикацию картинок, «направленных на унижение достоинства человека». Что именно было изображено на картинках, пока неизвестно.

В СМИ уже публикуют инструкции, как полностью очистить свою страницу в «ВКонтакте». Раздаются даже призывы полностью отказаться от использования социальной сети, принадлежащей Mail.ru Group, потому что это «ловушка силовиков».

Барнаул—Москва