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Afterword to glimpse in Khakassia. Why there could not be honest elections

In Khakassia, they left one candidate for governors - the young communist Valentin Konovalov. On November 11, there will be two voting options in the ballot - “for” it and “against”. It seems unrealistic to gain him more than 50% - in any case, for this hour. Still, initially he was not a hero, but a technical candidate, they make a hero from him. Success in the first round was situational, after Konovalov did not led this story, but reacted to the circumstances proposed by Moscow, and this is always a losing strategy. And if these protracted elections do not end with anything, new ones will be announced. They will take place no later than February 10, the Kremlin is already fully equipped.

For such a crooked intermediate result, all the last weeks went to, “New” set out this scenario on September 24, in No. 106. Without this curvature, not noticeable to everyone and, in general, shameful for the Kremlin, he still could not do - the ends meet. And the point is probably not only in the understandable resentment of technologists from Deripaska, Khudainatov, Sechin, that they worked in various Zimin election headquarters to preserve the status quo, but were defeated by his same spoiler. And not only in the fact that Primorye and Khakassia were knocked out of the creeping arguments of the Kremlin about the upcoming transit of power. This bustle has much more fundamental importance, outside the political situation.

In summer, Khakassia is undiluted alcohol, sensory binge and overload. You will slide off the pass to the steppes and velvet hills and - covers. Other colors, smells, landscapes. Resort and open -air museum, Siberian Easter - stone old women and women, menhirs, scribes, sacred mountains and healing lakes. One of the oldest centers of world civilization, the legendary country of Hooray. Not only Putin and Shoigu fly here, judging by the numbers on cars near the tents, in July six regions gather on the lakes of Khakassia (once counted ten). Every summer on Shira and Belya migrates for 300 - 350 miles millions of Krasnoyarsk - swim. With him - millions of rubles. Traffic jams, daily lobe accidents, a special price in roadside hotels-a thousand with a healthy guest, and the “people after the accident” are equated to the child-go 500 each (at the resort of Lake Shira from all.)

Since the end of September, everything has been changing. Winter is the initial development barrier. She sat in the same Kurortny Shirinsky district, in the neighboring, less promoted, Bogradsky (where traditionally, with the beginning of the heating season, the emergency mode is introduced) begin to fight for survival.

Coal reserves - right now - are replenished with a creak: the coal miners scored, they simply do not go to bidding.

At the same time, the threat of default of the territories of the acting head of the republic Mikhail Podvozhaev and the leaders of the smallest entrusted to them were stated - for example, the mayor of Sayanogorsk Mikhail Valov; In this 50,000th Khakass city, the accounts of schools and kindergartens were arrested for debts, the writ of execution was discharged to hospitals. Earlier, street lighting was already disconnected by Sayanogorsk due to duty, food suppliers in kindergartens and schools refused to execute state contracts: they were not paid. And Sayanogorsk is the largest Sayano-Shushenskaya hydroelectric power station in Russia, the Minsk hydroelectric power station, the Sayan and Khakass aluminum plants, and the production of foil. Smooth ski resort, where Deripaska and Putin rode.

One SAAZ (Sayan aluminum) would feed a small country, arranging it, including Tax deductions of business, in European. In Khakassia, there are only 540 thousand people.

And if, in the framework of the support of Deripaska frozen by America, not only to re -allow wiring in houses from aluminum alloys (this has already been accepted) or sale at night beer in aluminum banks (so far is being discussed), but also to oblige Russians to drink this beer and wear foil caps, and banning spoons from other metals?

However, no. Khakassia herself will still not fall.

About one of the subordinate villages, Zimin once said that it plunges into depression. (From the elections, no matter what curves they may be, still there is a benefit: not only Zimin has gone, but in their eutherney and villages they give light without restrictions.) In the meantime, not only Zimin and the village of Znamenka or Borodino. In the center of the republican capital is a wild number of microfinance offices and pawnshops. In other Russia, too, from the 2008 crisis, this has been bred, but it has gone out, coped, but here you go, and - “Money to salary and pensions!”, “Loans for any purpose!”, “Loan week for free, seven days a week!”.

This is erased by "cheap pharmacies" and the bought -out of gold. The impression that everyone in Abakan has been sick and has long been living for a long time, and everything is laid down to the underwear and engagement rings - after all, this business would be unprofitable, would it not be so widely carried out here?

In the government quarter, a few meters from the building, where the Supreme Council, the ministry, the election commander, the main federal inspector - the post -tumor. On it are the remnants of polytaghing, and directly in the faces of glossy candidates who thought about Khakassia, numerous evidence of the transparent poverty of the republic, fantastic dumping: advertising of intimate services (everything you want and BDSM, “toys”, “laundry”)-200 rubles / hour are stuck; “Erotic dances of any category” - 50 rubles, discounts; "Buy your seed fluid", etc.

The title of my notes from Khakassia in 1991-watched here the revival of Khakass statehood: "The people are under heaven, but not on earth." Can be repeated; In Khakassia, all the same powerful spirits of the terrain - talking to you, for them they put a cup of rice on the stones, and at the beginning of dinner from the cauldron they take off the lid and wait until the perfumes are nourished by the spirit of lamb. Here are all the same timeless and foreign landscapes. Heaven - at least pour as much as you want. Earth - no. Fritten and taken away.

And there is no right, no strength, nor ways to change something. Why and why nothing changes?

81 years ago, on October 17, 1937, in Abakan they arrested the forerunner of the Khakass Regional Council Mikhail Grigoryevich Torosov; They will be shot on July 13, 1938 in a prison of Krasnoyarsk. Torosov wanted to transform autonomy as part of the Krasnoyarsk Territory to the republic, which was directly subordinated to Moscow, and openly spoke about that from the beginning of the discussion of the project of the Stalinist constitution. In 1937-1938, they dragged the entire political elite of Khakassia-she repeated the path of the peasantry dispossessed by her, shared the fate of the cattle breeders who were shot in 1933, of which they recorded in the counter-revolutionary organization “Nedok”.

Torosov was able to hold out in prison without signing anything, six months. Although already at the beginning of 1938 the ribs and his hands were broken, he was brought from interrogations on a stretcher, he could not rise on his own.

On April 4, he signed everything, hoping at the court to abandon the testimony knocked out by torture. But the meeting of the Troika lasted 10 minutes. On the same day, they shot. In the case of the bourgeois-nationalist "Union of Siberian Turks", who tried to tear off the Khakass Autonomous Region from the USSR and give to the protectorate of Japan (in the documents of the case this is not the most outstanding pearl), 40 guidelines and party workers took place at first, then the circles dispersed. A third of the communists of the region was repressed, in total, for political reasons in the small (then 120 thousandth) Khakassia, 5,402 people were taken. We know these numbers thanks to Nikolai Abdin (1925 - 2009), a teacher who headed the Khakass Memorial. He found case No. 07073 (M.G. Torosov), in him his written testimony:

“Yes, I am dissatisfied with the fact that the Khakassian AO is part of the region. Khakassia should stand out in an independent autonomous republic with direct subordination of the USSR or RSFSR. According to many indicators, especially in animal husbandry, the region occupies a significant specific gravity in the Krasnoyarsk Territory, for example, in sheep - 43%, what, what, is asked the advantage of the region to the region? The Khakassian AO has the gold industry - 9 mines, coal and forest industry. In the territory of Khakassia, there are more than Holland, Switzerland, a number of other states. Khakassia has significant raw materials wealth, including iron ore with billionths, but it is not used. It has copper ore - it is also not used. It has marble, which is considered the second quality in the world after Italian. We have a baritic, neck, asbestos industry, salt deposits and other wealth of the Earth, valuable for the state, but not yet used. Economic justifications say that here it is possible to develop pimoc: fur coat, sheepskin, leather, textile and other industries. When protecting the control numbers of 1937, we needed support, but the region did not give it. ”

Why in detail about this? After half a century, the will of M.G. Torosov will be fulfilled by a son - Vlad was seven months old when his father was arrested. Vladislav Mikhailovich Torosov will lead the Khakass SSR in the early 90s, thanks to his politics, Khakassia will gain statehood, newly lost in the eighteenth century, its status will rise to the republic and it will separate from the Krasnoyarsk Territory. Torosov’s verse will form the basis of the Khakassia anthem, and the coat of arms will be drawn by its plan.

And what? Now Khakassia with his constitution and parliament, anthem and the emblem cannot independently pay for schools for the light. The accounts are now claimed by Moscow. Selectively. And so-not because of theft of local elites (although, of course, it is, it was just that the case of a criminal community organized by Vladimir Byzov, who, in addition to this, the administration of the head of the republic), has just been transferred to the court). So-because of the distorted Russian statehood and the budget system.

Indications, given 80 years ago by the investigation of Torosov, are relevant today. Well, with the exception of the role of Krasnoyarsk. Therefore - in such detail. No one here is nowhere to break through the wealth of this earth - a generation behind a generation, for many years. Children, like fathers, tolerate and adapt or fight for their truth, but in vain, as a result, an indispensable zero, nothing.

December 22, 1991, when Khakassia elected the first parliament in her history, I sat in the room of Torosov. It was the shortest day, the sun never came out, and at dusk Vladislav Mikhailovich repeated his father's testimonies and shared in connection with the acquisition of its land with the land of the republic with hopes. They looked normal, appropriate. In the 70s, Torosov headed Abakan, and under him the city was the leader in the pace of promotion in the USSR. But at the same time, he also reached the first places in the union among the most green and environmentally friendly cities.

And then, in December 91st, a lot of things were conceived. Nothing came true.

Five years later, on December 22, 1996, the republic chose a new chapter - Colonel of the Airborne Forces Alexei Lebed. Torosov was no longer in his office, lay in the hospital. On the blitches at the Government House, some kind of inconspicuous number of raven was sitting. They tried to drive away the birds, but without success: a lot of snow fell, they did not clean it, and the birds were starving.

The opponent of the Lebed Jr. in those elections was the general director of Khakasugul, Evgeny Reznikov. Accordingly, behind it are the interests of coal holders. Saaz, the Black Brothers and Deripaska stood behind Swan. But it was the appearance of a choice. Torosov said that

The raw material mafia was formed in the republic, and the struggle of aluminum and coal monetary bags should not deceive anyone, their owner has one.

Torosov, of course, flew away from the post of first deputy prime minister. In the hospital, he clearly laid out everything to me:

- Structures close to Saaz are trying to establish control of the cheapest brown coal in Siberia by the Beyan cut, Khakasenergo, railway, and other enterprises. One of these groups and interest is to increase the flow of profit from Siberia. Therefore, with any outcome of the elections, both of them will receive benefits. They were forced to go to the polls together by a high percentage barrier of voter appearances - 50%. Saaz is fighting for power to increase production capacities, and hence profit. Since 1988, we have been waging a war with him, not allowing the plant to expand-the plant does not respond to our proposals for ecology, the plant does not respond to the oncology dispensary. Saaz simply decided to look for a new government for the republic. And they talked to me. Well, then they found a common language with Alexei Swan. I think the new Sovmin will meet Saaz and allow him to increase the power. It is about increasing its profit from $ 600 million to 1.2 billion. What will happen to the ecology of Khakassia and the south of the Krasnoyarsk Territory, of course.

Why in detail about this? Yes, everything happened. The capacities increased both in Sayanogorsk and in Krasnoyarsk. In addition, nothing has changed.

Here are just two fates.

• Sayanogorsk. Nina Danilovna worked for 17 years in a boiler room heating half a city. He says she could have been able to. But instead of normal coal, “screening” was taken - coal dust. There was an unbearable grave smell, in it, dense, it is not visible further than an outstretched arm. Mostly women work in the boiler room. Many have allergic reactions. The dust was frozen, the women hung her with crowbars, peaks, sledgehammers. The boilers constantly stopped. The authorities said: we take it, which is cheaper, there will be no other coal. Due to allergies, Nina Danilovna had to leave. There is no other work. Daughter on maternity leave. And the husband left Saaz - his legs hurt terribly, his teeth fell out, he was 53 years old.

• Ole is 12 years old. She moved with her parents from Tuva (in fact, refugees) to the village of Maina, subordinate to Sayanogorsk. They rented an apartment, calculating the earrings and rings of Olya's mother. This apartment was already rented before them, and the former settlers left without paying debts for the light. He was cut off. Mom began to get a job, but she was paralyzed - a stroke. Now a disabled person of the 1st group. A pension for caring for her and the maintenance of Olya was charged the father. There is no job to his father - there is no registration. The hostess demanded to free the apartment, she will sell it. Olya studies in the 6th grade and ends the 5th grade of a music school. There is no money to pay for training. Out of pity, she was not excluded from school and even give a glass of tea and a bun for free. All the same, the head is dizzy.

12 years after the election of Swan-Ml. The president will appoint Zimin Khakassia, and the swan will move to the State Duma according to the lists of the EP. Then the elections will be returned again, and in September, aluminists and coal miners again put on Zimin, and other coal miners on Konovalov, and the same persons led the same persons as in the 90s, and again these were not elections, but a purely technical procedure, for Konovalov, so that he overcame the filter, deputies from the EP were signed. If only everything remained as it was. To whom is rent, and to whom - smoke and cancer.

But the people suddenly crossed out plans for power and business. True, only for a few days between the first and second round.

The latest elections in the Yenisei region, when capital was put on different “looking”, when there was at least the appearance of the struggle (aluminum pots with nickels, rossal with Norilsk Nickel) in 2002 in the Krasnoyarsk Territory. Disagreements, however, were easily overcome, now it is called "interelite agreements." The municipal filter cuts off the unsystematic ones, and the system groups agree to whom to whom to be. The space is fifty and cleaned.

Torosov fought against the coal sections in the Beysky district, destroying the unique nature, thinking about another Khakassia, about Silicon Valley, negotiated with dozens of Japanese and Korean companies, but under Yeltsin the project was frozen. Torosov was threatened when he talked about the coal-aluminum mafia, Alexei Lebed, becoming the head, told me what huge sins with official money on Torosov-but no, they had not downs on him, he managed to remind the Khakasses about their traditions not to have orphans (and saved many children from the orphanages), headed the Council of Elders of the Khakassky. The people died last summer.

In Khakassia, right now, the coal miners intend to translate the huge areas of agricultural recognition to their needs, at public hearings, people rush at each other into a fight-earlier, they say that at least glass beads gave natives. Now they are left by lunar landscapes.

Why does nothing change? This is the main question. The elections are not in order to amuse someone's vanity or to earn money to political technologists, and so that life does not turn into hell or stagnation, we do not vote for Ivanov-Petrov, but for everything to change around and, if possible for the better.

All the same gold is here, that in 1937, the iron ore, those coal mines, those on the hills and in the steppe of the herds and flocks ... The largest hydropower facilities, non-ferrous metallurgy were added. And all the same state of eternal survival with longing in the ridge on the best share, the consistent is not poverty, but on the verge of it poverty.

Khakassia, and in general, Siberia is never able to become an independent value, it is still just a means (it for money), it is not a subject, but an object, a suffering essence.

Numerous programs and strategies for its development (colonial development) are not invented by her, but to her, and in all she looks a virgin that should be lifted. So Acting Pravozhaev says: “The main strategy is to fall into federal logic”; “Of course, the regions should be built into the federal context” - financing is allocated to those who correctly formulate the application, etc.

And in the end, Razvozhaev is now busy with replenishment of coal reserves in boiler houses. In some places they are close to critical. What is there, by heating in Khakassia, Putin is personally preoccupied. Poparing his messenger into Khakassia, he said: “But Siberia you know, there is already freezing at night, you need to bring preparations for winter to complete completion.”

Yes, give us coal. Околье — это не только о Хакасии, о Сибири, остающейся в стороне. Это и о Москве — она ходит окольем, «кручу, верчу, запутать хочу», затушевывает народный протест.

Да откуда взяться честным, демократическим выборам, если человек здесь — вошь и все устройство местной жизни структурировано не под его интересы, а для добычи и перекачки сырьевых богатств? И вся система на страже этого порядка? Казалось бы, Хакасия может помимо этой своей заданной роли потихоньку зарабатывать на туризме, на приеме того же миллионного Красноярска летом в гости, на поставках туда же баранины, но ничего этого нет, даже дорогу не могут расширить и разделить встречки; вроде, это такие же деньги, как уголь или алюминий — но нет, другие, их не надо, потому что это все равно признание каких-то прав за вшами, что они сами что-то из себя представляют и у них есть какие-то иные интересы. Нет, горбатьтесь на шахтах и в рудниках. Шира, райцентр курортного района, сгорела бы напрочь в Пасху 2015-го, и жертв были б не десятки, а сотни, если б не было в Шире базы «Роснефти»: только когда огонь пошел к ней, пригнали сюда всех, в том числе пожарный поезд и военных из ракетной дивизии в Ужуре.