The International Biathlon Union (IBU) suspects four Russian athletes of doping - Evgeny Ustyugov, Svetlana Sleptsova, Alexander Pechenkin and Alexander Chernyshov.
Cases of possible doping, the IBU said in a statement, were opened after testing samples taken from athletes in 2012-2015.
Evgeny Ustyugov is a two-time Olympic champion (Vancouver 2010 and Sochi 2014), Svetlana Sleptsova also won gold at the Vancouver Olympics.
Ustyugov, Sleptsova and Chernyshov have already retired. Pechenkin is temporarily suspended from participation in competitions.