"Novice", "toxic", "Solberet" cathedral, pension reform

Russian competition "Word of the Year" summed up the results of 2018

The international competition "Word of the Year" has been held in Russia since 2007. For the twelfth time. The words and expressions of the competition, according to the head of the expert council, philologist Mikhail Epstein, are designed to reflect the specifics of the year, embody his spirit, outline the movement of time. This time the list of words of the winning was surprisingly harmonious.

The word of the year is an unusually sonorous, bright, youthful - “beginner” , the code designation of the family of poisonous substances produced in Soviet times. To match him, like a light shirt - dark trousers, the word is toxic (second place). Finally, this composition is crowned by one more name - “Wagner” , which, of course, is not a composer, but, again, the name of a private military company.

All the secret that has become obvious; Hybrid, which turned into a total. And the more ruthless, the more innocent or, conversely, it covers the cheerful and optimistic name. Only one of the five converting words reminds of our internal affairs: pension, pensioner. Well, then already - all the native, familiar: both foreign harassment and the domestic mundial . And again - the ghosts of hybrid semi -bearing - ichtamnets and viral , and an attempt to combat these ghosts - sanctions. And return attempts to deal with Internet reality-with the help of blocking, as well as punishment for reposts.

The magical digitalization , proclaimed by the government, serves as a kind of monument to a double consciousness in Russia. No one pays attention to this egregious contradiction: to praise digitalization, while intimidating its potential participants. Or maybe just such - ideal, heavenly - digitalization and was conceived - without people, without reposts and likes? .. Well, this is quite, as the people say , expected (another of the words of the year).

The list of words of 2018 is also replenished with new bottom synonyms (the winner of one of the past years): Zashkvar, stabilism, and broadcasting.

The list of expressions of the year also came out quite harmonious, and as if forming couples with the words of the year. In the first place - Solberetsky Cathedral . Since this is how the name of the cathedral was performed by the Lord Petrov -Boshirov, and it was written in all subsequent investigations (“Solberetsky”), it was decided to leave this particular pronunciation option. Although the literary norm proposes to use this word with the letter C after L - Salisberetsky.

And again, we return to our native harbor: pension reform (retirement age, raising the retirement age), “theatrical business”, “new greatness” (the case of extremism). The following expressions of the year seem to clarify the meaning of the previous ones: intervention in the elections, garbage riots, toxic people, hybrid war, to get out of the comfort zone. The name "Winter Cherry" is the only reminder of the tragedy; But on the whole, the reaction to what is happening-fatal-vested-is quite in the spirit of time. The expression something went wrong into the Russian formula of meaning, the principle of existence. You can even formulate shorter and more emergency - “go wrong!”, Which could well be inscribed on new banners today - like “forward, to the victory of communism”.

The expression “but there are good news ...” (among many bad ones) is understood today only as a mockery. Since the main news is the following: nuclear apocalypse, debate without a candidate, adventure of a twin couple (Boshirov -Petrov, Kokorin -Mamaev). We also follow the movement of an unmanned torpedo with an unpredictable trajectory , re -election of the future and the AM Huncing Day (about Sentsov). The expression already known to us is also surprisingly organically , “I am going for a popcorn with a grocery set of court days”. Apparently, he will consist of one popcorn. It's funny that

The expression “World Cup” is located in the last place of the list - as evidence that the real problems of society can no longer be obscured by either military victories or sports.

The head of state took the first place in the nomination this year: "We will go to heaven, and they will simply die." We remind the reader context: during a meeting of the Valdai International Discussion Club, on October 18, 2018, Vladimir Putin, to the question of Russia's readiness to use nuclear weapons, explained that the essence of our nuclear doctrine is that “the aggressor should know: retribution is inevitably, it will still be destroyed. And we are as a victim of aggression, we will go to paradise as martyrs, and they will simply die. ” And he added: "Because they will not even have time to repent."

Against this background, all other phrases of the year fade. However, in the nomination, Antiyazika remains some kind of amazing organica. In second place was the phrase "survival, age of survival." Yeah, what a life here is one survival. All the following expression-prizes in the nomination of Antiyazyk also spin around existential problems, quite in the spirit of Sartre and Camus boldly pose the very meaning of such a life. We are talking about the recent expressions of two officials: “The state did not ask you to give birth” and “Makaroshki always stand the same” (about the subsistence minimum). And this list is crowned - what kind of organic, what a feeling of harmony - the famous we can repeat. And if anyone wants to move out of satispulation , then let him not build illusions. The people are not worse than Sartre, as they say, and expresses the main problem of existence more acute and more figurative: "Where are you going from a submarine."

And the language of our official is extremely frank, then on the contrary too much formal. Here is an optimize word from the nomination nomination - to cancel or close in the meaning; How much courageous restraint is in it, the stingy statement of the inevitable. However, any of the phrases and words of the Antiyazika asks for granite: “Nobody mugs me ...”, “Factory of false falsifications”, “We should not give birth from another race”, “The people of Russia has one extra chromosome” and, finally, the famous “oak bark and hawthorn”. In each of these phrases, as if exposed a wild, docience element - forming a bizarre synthesis with the language of officialdom. This time, the representative from the other shore did not disappoint - Donald Trump with the expression “the most stable genius” - and this, of course, about himself. And ANISIZIK always responds to any critical remarks in a word: this is a provocation !

REFERENCE

The “Words of the Year” elections in Russia are held for the twelfth time, starting in 2007. A similar action has been held in Germany, the USA, Great Britain, Poland, Japan, Australia and other countries. The Word of the Year allows us to summarize the shortest result last year and capture it in the memory of the descendants. The words and expressions that are put forward to the competition must reflect the specifics of the year, embody its spirit, outline the movement of time. In previous competitions, the following words were won: 2007 - “Glamur”, 2008 - “Crisis”, 2009 - “Reload”, 2010 - “Heat”, 2011 - “Rospil”, 2012 - “Swamp”, “Gosdura”, 2014 - “Krymnash”, 2015 - “Refugees”, 2016 - “Brekzit”, 2017 - “renovation”.

Symbols of the year are determined by the expert council at the Center for the Creative Development of the Russian Language, which includes famous writers, philologists, linguists, journalists, culturalists, philosophers. The head of the center and expert council is a philologist and culturalist Mikhail Epstein. The moderator of groups The Word of the Year and Neologism of the year on Facebook - writer Elena Chernikova. The 2018 Expert Council includes writers Lyudmila Ulitskaya, Elena Chernikova, Tatyana Shcherbina; Linguists Svetlana Devilo-Dolzhanskaya, Lyudmila Zubova, Olga Severskaya, Natalya Fateeva, Elena Shmeleva; Journalists and philologists Andrei Arkhangelsky, Marina Koroleva, Ksenia Turkova; director Vladimir Mirzoev; Psychologist and teacher of pedagogy Alexander Asmolov; philologist and teacher Evgenia Ablyuk; publicist and biblicalist Andrei Desnitsky; sociologists Vladimir Kostyushev and Alla Kornienko; Philosophers and culturalists Grigory Tulchinsky and Mikhail Epstein. The Secretary of the Council is the linguist Yana Astakhov.

... Once, Chekhov, approaching mineral waters, noticed someone's illiterate inscription: "The source of the artificial waters." This word - the artificial - can be called a whole layer of a parallel, network language that plays the role of a crooked mirror of officialdom - or, on the contrary, balances too exalted. The dictionary of this "temptation" language is replenished with regularity; This year was no exception: delicious, exciting, Sororyan. The language seems to mockery and mimic literary norms and decency - it laughs deafly at them, like the Dostoevsky person from the underground.

Finally, the nomination of protologism is the work of philologists themselves based on what happened this year - as well as all citizens who are not indifferent to the language. Another attempt to determine the social structure in which we live is sparkling (dominance in the power of security forces and special services). A pension is a Russian who has survived to a reformed pension by the will of fate. The roll call of the word with the obsolete, book “Persian” sets us up in an epic, folklore feld: the one who reaches retirement will also seem to us a fabulous, epic hero. The choice ofurimum (election campaign, accompanied by scandals) - in this word of echoes of both the terratrium and the aquarium. Hoosmobesia (the need to stun all the time, the inability to endure silence) also means noise as the general principle of imposed reality. The noise is informational, visual, sound - with its help, the remnants of common sense and any manifestation of the initiative, any human self, are in the help. Finally, the inopolitician (a politician who looks at life, as if from another planet). Silkorn residents, Valdghalla, Medium (from “evil media”, which eats out the brains, then fills with products of its life) - new words to indicate the essence of modern propaganda: self -destruction, even contrary to self -preservation instincts. The protologisms of the repost-floor and extrememist -in turn, are the self-nation of the Internet stichia, which is trying to survive contrary to prohibitions and persecutions.

In general, the mood of the year is described by the protologism "Ugroys".

“The heart lives the future. The present is dull, ”Pushkin wrote. All this can be expressed in one word: “Ugroble” (we are languishing) - the present that increases us causes boredom and despondency (Mikhail Epstein). It seems to be the present, but pulling us somewhere in spite of all the laws in the swamp of oblivion, into the hopeless turbidity of a self-reproach. The anti -Harmonia of life has formed a kind of harmony - so new words fiercely shine against the backdrop of darkening reality. The step wider, as they say, comrades. Go ahead, towards the new utopia.

Andrey Arkhangelsky, a member of the jury of the "Word of the Year", - specifically for "New"