Roman about McKiarini

The reason for the publication of the reduced version of the review of the German scientific journalist Leonid Schneider at Elena Kokurina, published in 2015 at the Boslen Publishing House and telling about the adventures of Paolo McKaarini with plastic trachea, which cost at least eight people, was the fact that the prosecutor's office of Sweden renewed the case For these operations (on the problems of bioenginery of the respiratory tract, see interviews "trachea of ​​discord" 1 ). Oddly enough, a book written in an enthusiastic vein (which Leonid does not advise buying) can now be used against her main character. Most of the narrative is devoted to the activities of McKianini in Russia, where he received the state megagran. Ilya Yasny translated the review into Russian.

The book begins with the preface, which sets out the history of the first transplantation of the trachea conducted by McKayarini in Barcelona in 2008 by a patient named Claudia Castillo. She survived despite the transplant and certainly not thanks to her - the transplant was ultimately deleted with the lungs. However, the case was represented throughout the world as a success story, which allowed McKiarini to expose at least a dozen patients the same procedure for transplanting a dischanted (devoid of cellular contents) of the cadaveric trachea. Then he moved to a more deadly instrument - plastic trachea.

In 2008, McKiarini performed this trick of regenerative medicine along with his German graduate student Philip Yungeblut and English employees (who then worked at the University of Bristol) Anthony Hollander and Larmingin Martin Burchell . The latter is well known thanks to its own dubious research in the field of regenerative medicine of the trachea and larynx.

Megagrante contains several indications of how McKianini managed to persuade the patient to a new, previously not studied transplant technique. Claudia with the constitution of the left bronchus was an ideal object for testing the new technology: young, without cancer, and if an attempt to replace the bronchus fails, it will lose only one easy, but not life, as will soon happen to the patients of McKaarini, to whom he transplanted the trachea. And, of course, a citizen of Colombia was a foreigner in Spain in a desperate position, it could easily be controlled. The book represents its situation as a turning point for McKayarini (p. 9): “ Paolo decided that an hour had come to realize a long -bearing impudent idea. The donor trachea must be cleaned of all cells and genetic material indicating belonging to the other person, the former “master”, leaving only a faceless frame. Fill the frame with Claudia's cells and transplant her its own (!) Organ. He has repeatedly done this in the laboratory on animals . ” The last statement is actually completely wrong. There were no real transplants to people or animals before. Claudia became their experimental rabbit.

Bristol University and the current employer of Burcell, London University College (UCL), still deny that the described in Megagrant really happened (p. 10): “ Work on the donor trachea - its“ bleeding ”and creating a frame - took place in Italy. Then the frame was sent to England, to Bristol, where Claudia was also delivered from the bone marrow of Claudia, and where processing was performed - “ sowing” the frame. But this is not all: so that the cells take root in their new “house”, the structure had to be kept in a special device, a bioreactor. The bioreactor was specially manufactured in Italy and also sent to Bristol. ” Further, the book tells how the airline refused to take the trachea in a hand luggage in Barcelona and about the heroic act of Yungeblut. A medical student asked a family friend to transport the trachea to Barcelona by a private plane. Bristol University compensated the costs of a pilot in the amount of 14 thousand pounds 2 . However, McKiarini told Kokurina that he had paid from his pocket.

The main problem here is as follows: Burchell in Bristol only had a veterinary laboratory, where he operated on pigs. Nobody in his mind will bring to a veterinary laboratory and even more so stored in the refrigerator tissue or cells of patients intended for transplantation. Burchell was strictly warned of this department for the control of the human tissues of Great Britain. Of course, he did not tell them that he was secretly engaged in the regeneration of the trachea in his veterinary laboratory. Therefore, the Bristol University and London University College still insist that trachea in Bristol has never been.

Chapter 1. Zhadyra

This chapter talks about how McKianini was brought to Russia in 2010, first to give a lecture, and then perform a demonstration transplant of the trachea to a young woman, Zadira Iglikova. The operation was again declared successful, but the truth again did not matter. Zhadyra died recently , in June 2018, a month after the former colleague of McKayarini in Moscow, Vladimir Parshin, tried to save her with the help of the second transplant of the trachea. But then McKiarini became a star in Russia, he eventually issued a state megager to work in Krasnodar, and the book talks about the process of receiving a grant in the smallest details. The organizer of the master class, the Russian businessman and an enthusiast of the fight against the aging Mikhail Batin became the organizer of Zhadyr and obtaining a megagagant. Batin sent Kokurin to Barcelona to attract McKaarini.

Officially, there were no other transplants of the trachea after Claudia in 2008 and before McKayarini moved to the University Hospital of Kandzhi in Florence in Italy in 2010. Only on my site 3 , the evidence of the transplants of the trachea made by McKianini in Barcelona in 2009 are collected, and the patients died. And, of course, there is a useful book “Megagran”, in which Kokurina talks about his second visit to Barcelona in 2009 (p. 18): “ Then I did not know that I was present at a historical event: Paollo decided on the second transplantation of the trachea, already without the use of a cultivator or bioreactor. He began to implement his concept that the best bioreactor is the human body, which himself will “direct the cells where it is and will give them the opportunity to develop into the desired type of tissue .” This patient with a transplanted trachea died. As her name, it was unknown.

The official version of the history of McKianini, convenient for everyone who participated in it, is that he decided to move from compiralized cadaverus to plastic material when he worked at the Caroline Institute in 2011. This, supposedly, was a hasty decision under the pressure of colleagues and authorities. But this is not true. McKiarini switched to plastic for two main reasons: in order to save time, money, reduce the paperwork necessary when using donor organs, and because he saw that his patients died after a transplantation of compaullarized cadaveric trams. The book “Megagran” provides McKianini’s statements during discussion with Kokurina in 2009 his ideas about plastic transplants (as well as work on larynges with Burchell) before the master class in Moscow.

Chapter 2. Mr. Bayen

This chapter continues the story of how McKayarini received a workplace in Krasnodar, including funny cases during banquets. The main theme is the first transplanting of the plastic trachea conducted by McKayarini at the Caroline Institute clinic in Stockholm Icelandic patient Andemariam Bayen in June 2011. This resulted in another publication in Lancet , which is now withdrawn due to falsification . The book “Megagran” is in many cases a whirlwind of fantastic inventions, for example, regarding the allegation that Beyen had to live several days (his cancer was actually very benign , and he could receive palliative treatment for several years). In other cases, the book is very indicative. McKiarini organized everything: both the plastic trachea from UCL and the bioreactor of the American company Harvard Apparatus (which the family of one of the victims of McKiarini has now sued the family ). Baeyen was scared to agree to the operation by a completely unprotected method. According to the book, the Icelandic doctor persuaded him to agree to a transplant of the plastic trachea (p. 66): “ Do you want to see your children grow? In this case, even one or two years of life is already happiness. And then no one can know . ” After a 12-hour operation in June 2011, the fate of Bayen was decided. He became food for Lanceta, and then he was sent to die in Iceland. Professor McKiarini was not interested in all this.

Chapter 3: 2011. Chris

In this chapter, the heroic history of McKoyarini recruitment in Krasnodar and a megaggran with financing of 150 million rubles continues. It is told how the professor recruited employees. His last question for each candidate was this: ““ Are you ready to work 25 hours a day? ” - Everyone confidently answered: “Yes”. After that, McKiarini invariably added: “I'm not joking - 25 hours, it will be so ”. ” Alexander Sotnichenko McKiarini called "a real post-house" and patted on the shoulder. He promised Elena Gubareva the place of deputy laboratory (she actually headed his laboratory in Krasnodar after the Russians got rid of the problematic Italian guest, and began to advertise the technology of the trachea as his own invention of the university ). The interns were sent to the Caroline institute to study the magic of regenerative medicine. Sweden paid for everything, but not a word about it.

The main theme of this chapter is also the patient McKianini, Chris Liles from the USA. The book claims that he had to live several weeks. Now it is impossible to prove anything, since his own trachea was removed and destroyed during transplantation in November 2011, and the autopsy after death was not carried out after three months. Kokurin, like Yungeblut with McKayarini, could tell any fables about the causes of Chris’s death, and how the transplant lengthened his life.

Heads 4–5: 2012. Julia and Sasha

Two characters whose names are named both chapters are two Russian patients - Julia Tuulik and Alexander Zozul. Both were healthy, not counting the tracheostoma-holes in the throat due to damage to the trachea. Both had a high expected life expectancy - for many years or even decades. True, Zozul was a smoker and an alcoholic and therefore did not fit for experimental therapy. But McKiarini and his Krasnodar colleagues still operated on him. Julia’s story is especially tragic. She was dying terribly, slowly and painfully.

After the death of Chris, the first critical reviews appeared about the technology of transplanting the plastic tracts of McKayarini, and they are reported in the book Megagran. We learn why McKianini always avoided animal research (p. 101): “Even on large animals, one cannot show how “ the frame will work for a long time ”. And at their disposal, mostly pigs, which have a completely different anatomy, a different respiratory mechanism, and another, if we talk about the trachea. ”

By the way, Burcell also denied that pigs are a suitable model, and called for exploring respiratory tract transplants on patients. In addition to those rare cases when he was supposed to provide preclinical data, and the pigs suddenly became an excellent model organism.

As for two Russian patients: Megagran describes an interdisciplinary video conference of the beginning of 2012, which, as the Caroline Institute still claims, has never happened. The Caroline Institute, the University Hospital Kandzhi and Moscow introduced one patient. Cancer Center MD anderson (Houston, Texas) - two, of which the same child. The Krasnodar surgeon Igor Polyakov introduced two local candidates: Julia and Sasha (p. 121): " All participants agreed that transplantation is the only possible way to treat these patients ."

Julia Tuulik became a experimental rabbit for McKoyarini for testing the plastic larynx - an operation that Burchell always wanted to do and at that moment tried to carry out on pigs, but they died from her. By 2012, two surgeons have long ceased to be friends. The McKianini experiment over Julia, perhaps, was part of the revenge of Burchella and UCL.

After the operations, Julia went home, and Sasha had nowhere to go. He was given some kind of work and promised to give a bicycle. Kokurina writes about McKianini (p. 157): “Nature magazine is preparing a review on all its transplantations, and the editor would like to get an interview from one of the Russian patients - on Skype. Julia left home for a long time, and after conferring, they decided that Sasha would answer the questions of the most famous international scientific journal. ”

Chapter 6: 2012–2013. Hannah

Finally, quite experimental rabbits were operated on McKiarini using a plastic trachea to get FDA permission for surgery in the United States. The book mentioned that the professor conducted “many routine, but nevertheless complex operations in Florence”: we know about the five transplants of the corpse trachea, but they occurred from July 2010 to January 2011. Were there still? Maybe. Again, it is a pity that McKianini reluctantly told Kokurina that he had made a candhel with corpse trachea, obviously, even he could not turn this story into something at least remotely positive. The book mentions a lecture in Moscow, where McKianini admitted that the depleted trachea was a failure in which my readers noticed a mismatch between his presentation and articles.

Immediately after the lecture, McKiarini sat on the plane to operate on another patient in Florence. The presentation shows how bad this thoracic surgeon understands biology or biomedicine, but he at the same time headed two clinically oriented biomedical laboratories-at the Caroline Institute and in Krasnodar. His Russian interns apparently understood that they were turning laboratory nonsense into (deadly) clinical nonsense. By and large, these Russians saw both McKiarini and Yungeblut through.

In September 2012, McKiarini was arrested in Florence for blackmail and extortion against patients and their families, according to an article in Corriere Della Sera . This was not related to traffic transplants. In this case, McKiarini demanded money from terminal patients, incurable patients, for surgery in Hanover and London.

The date of the operation in the United States was determined: on April 9, 2013, McKiarini operated on a seven -month -old girl named Hannah. Before and after that, McKianini twice cut a four in the hospital of the Caroline Institute for the young Turkish woman. Since nothing even remotely positive of her suffering came out, her two transplants of plastic tracts are not mentioned in the chronological report in Kokurina’s book.

Megagran offers an alternative version of why the Hannah died only 12 weeks later: her esophagus was damaged, and if only McKianini replaced him with the help of regenerative-medical magic! .. The trachea, according to the description, earned as a miracle (p. 182): “ Tissue samples taken from the surface of the frame on the fourth day after Transplantations showed the presence of epithelium . " We do not know who did this false analysis, but maybe the US authorities will eventually work hard to find it.

Chapter 7: Julia, Sasha and others

Russian employees of McKianini, who were generously allowed to turn to their master “Prof”, were occupied by the cultivation of organs. Sotnichenko was responsible for growing hearts (Prof ordered him to cope for “two, well, maximum three years”), Kuvda made lungs, and Gubareva produced the respiratory muscle - the diaphragm. Why no one made brains, one can only guess ...

His patients were dying, Yulia and Sasha held another transplant of the trachea. Kokurin depicts Julia as an ungrateful unbalanced patient. We learn about the patient of Sadik Canian from Jordan, whose only indication for the trachea transplant was a tracheostoma, like Yulia and Sasha. The Jordanian patient returned home after the operation and died there, but the book says that he simply stopped responding to letters and is still alive (then there is a quote from McKayarini, where he admits that Canan died, and says when it is). There is also great news: Doris Taylor goes to Krasnodar! A woman who tried to convince everyone and everyone that she created a “beating heart” in the laboratory! Plus, the megagran was extended for two years.

McKiarini had great joint plans with his friend Doris: to torture monkeys to test their set of artificial organs. “Star” (who at that moment tried to help Paolo get a professor’s place in Texas) gave a lecture that basically did not impress the Russian audience.

Chapter 8: 2014. Patient

Андемариам Бейен умер в январе 2014 года, как объясняет Кокурина (стр. 217): «… это неплохой результат, тем более, что причина смерти не была напрямую связана с отказом трахеи и, следовательно, с трансплантацией ». Юлия умерла в сентябре 2014 года, а перед этим, как настаивает Кокурина, она чувствовала себя «относительно неплохо». Кокурина хотя бы признаёт, что у Саши были некоторые проблемы. Затем говорится, что он попал в велосипедную аварию, после которой не смог восстановиться и умер 21 февраля 2014 года. В случае, если у вас возникли вопросы (стр. 212): « Да, причина смерти — кровотечение, из области, которая не имела отношения к трахее » .

По сообщению New York Times , критика усиливалась. И книга сохранила письмо, в котором Маккиарини дает интервью по электронной почте журналу Nature в конце 2014 года, видимо, когда готовилась статья в Nature News . Тамошний журналист подтвердил мне, что получил его, хотя транскрипт интервью так и не был опубликован. Маккиарини представляет там свою альтернативную реальность (стр. 218).

Насчет Юлии Туулик Маккиарини увиливал больше всего, утверждая, что ее состояние внезапно ухудшилось, и, к сожалению, вторая пересадка трахеи не смогла ее спасти. Это в интервью Nature . В разговоре с Кокуриной Маккиарини заявляет (стр. 225): « Ну, а главное, какая это была бы жизнь! Та, недолгая жизнь. Без возможности передвигаться, без любви, без секса, ребенок боялся ее из-за отверстия в горле » . Задыхающаяся, с разрушающейся трахеей, постоянно полной гноя и слизи, кашляющая кровью и кусочками пластика, то и дело попадающая в реанимацию, с таким отвратительным гнилым зловонным дыханием, что к тебе никто и близко не подходит, — очевидно, таким видел свой щедрый подарок молодой матери Маккиарини.

Epilogue. 2015

Если вы думаете, что все эти смерти и страдания остановили Маккиарини, то нет. Пока умирали другие пациенты, житель Крыма Димитрий Оногда был прооперирован в июне 2014 года с использованием пластиковой трахеи. Ему «повезло» избежать последствий: трансплантат довольно скоро удалили, и Оногда выжил.

И, конечно, нас еще раз уверяют, что Клаудиа Кастильо хорошо себя чувствует через шесть лет после операции. Как и Жадыра Игликова. Правда не имеет значения.

Megagrant, the Russian docu-novel of Paolo Macchiarini — Leonid Schneider (in English)

См. также: Тот, кто задал вопросы

1 alla-astakhova.ru/trahei-razdora/

2 См. npr.org/sections/krulwich/2012/06/19/155301289/med-student-rescues-body-part-from-airport-security
и forbetterscience.com/2016/11/02/claudias-trachea/

3 forbetterscience.com/2017/06/16/macchiarinis-trachea-transplant-patients-the-full-list/