"It is not known what would happen, having an atomic bomb before the war before the start of the war." How the Soviet nuclear energy was born

The control panel of the F-1 reactor (photo of 1993)

Photo: RIA Novosti Archive / Wikimedia Commons

Exactly 75 years ago, on December 25, 1946, in the laboratory No. 2 of the USSR Academy of Sciences (now the National Research Center “Kurchatov Institute”) was launched by the first Soviet nuclear reactor F-1. To the anniversary of this event, the Polytechnic Museum and Kurchatov opened in Moscow an excellent exhibition dedicated to the history of the Soviet “peaceful atom”.

And we propose to re -read the archival text of our magazine that is suitable for the occasion - an excerpt from the book of scientific journalist Tim Skorenko “Invented in the USSR” (the material was first published in the summer of 2019 under the heading “Mirny Atom”).

The book of Tim Skorenko “Invented in the USSR” ( Alpina Non-Fix , 2019) is dedicated to Soviet innovations in 1917-1991. The USSR state inventive thought was concentrated primarily on military developments, some of which, however, could later be used for peaceful purposes.

Soviet nuclear energy, some of which the anniversary of Chernobyl recently reminded of some achievements, is a typical example of such a “double -purpose area”. With the permission of the publisher, we publish the chapter “Peaceful Atom” , which tells about the first Soviet nuclear reactors.

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