The Russian Federation will pay pensions to labor migrants who have returned to their homeland and the Russians who have left for the EAEU countries

Russia is preparing to sign an agreement on pension provision in the countries of the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU), after which it will pay pensions to labor migrants from countries that are part of this union. Now migrants make deductions to the Pension Fund of Russia (PFR), but do not receive pensions, writes RBC .

The pension provision agreement between the EAEU countries suggests that the country in which the migrant worked and made deductions to the Pension Fund will pay him a pension and upon his return to his homeland. The draft agreement was posted by the Eurasian Economic Commission back in March, and in mid -May the Ministry of Labor of Russia sent for consideration by the expert council under the government the corresponding package of documents, asking them to coordinate them "as a short time".

The press service of the Ministry of Labor reported that the agreement would enter into force from the date of receipt on the diplomatic channels of the last written notice of the implementation by states - members of the domestic procedures necessary for the entry into force of it. It is planned that the agreement will be signed in the fall and ratified by all EAEU members before the end of the year. The EAEU includes Russia, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Armenia and Kyrgyzstan.

Now an agreement on guarantees of the rights of citizens of the CIS participants in the field of pension provision is in force on the territory of the former Soviet Union on the territory of the former Soviet Union. Its participants are the current members of the EAEU. According to this agreement, the pension is appointed and paid by the state of permanent residence of a person regardless of his citizenship. As noted in the explanatory note to the draft agreement, this state of affairs "makes it almost impossible task to exercise the pension rights of workers in full." In addition, the amount of pension contributions from salaries in different countries is not the same.

After the ratification of the agreement, the experience acquired in the territory of different member states will be summarized, and the pension assigned to one of the member states will be “exported” in the event of a pensioner’s move to another country of the EAEU. If a migrant, for example, from Kazakhstan, upon reaching retirement age, received the right to an old -age insurance pension in Russia, then even upon returning to Kazakhstan, Russia will continue to pay a pension. If a Russian citizen received the right to old -age pension, and then moved, for example, to Armenia, Russia will also pay a pension. Such an agreement on the "export" of pensions since 2006 has been valid between Russia and Belarus.

At the same time, it is noted that the agreement will not apply to periods of labor activity before its entry into force: the first appointment of an old -age pension to a citizen who has moved from one country of the EAEU to another will be possible no earlier than 2020. At the same time, the duration of Russian experience, for which the pensions will be exported, will be no more than one year in 2020, two years - in 2021 and so on.

According to the letter of the Ministry of Labor, in 2020-2021, the additional expenses of the Russian Pension Fund for the payment of pensions under the new agreement will be amounted to a total of 166 million rubles. This figure consists of pensions to citizens of Belarus, Armenia, Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan (including those who continue to live in Russia after the pension) for a total of about 75 million rubles, as well as from pensions to elderly Russians, who, after a pension, will move to other EAEU countries, for a total of about 91 million rubles.

According to Russian law, the employer makes deductions to the FIU for foreign workers, but today they cannot apply for pension payments. At the same time, companies are exempted from pension contributions for highly qualified foreign employees temporarily staying in Russia.

According to the director of the Center for Assistance to Migrants Batyrjon Shermatov, in 2016, the incoming to the Moscow budget from personal income tax paid by foreign workers, more than twice as exceeded from the oil and gas sector, but could not name a single case when a migrant could apply for its deductions. In his opinion, this money goes to the payment of current pensions. In the Pension Fund of Russia, they refrained from comments.

The procedure for applying for a pension will be determined by a separate document - the procedure for applying the agreement. According to the mechanism of export of pensions, payments will be transferred first to the pension fund of the country where the pensioner lives, and only then - to the account of a particular person. Experts note that in this case it is impossible to determine what amount the migrant will receive in the end, and the mechanism of distribution of savings is not entirely clear.

According to the report of the Eurasian Economic Commission, published in October 2018, in Russia, the largest number of workers migrants from all countries of the EAEU, but immigrants from other EAEU countries make up only 0.01%. At the same time, the level of salaries in Russia is higher than anywhere in the EAEU, and is $ 695 against 470 in Belarus and Kazakhstan, $ 358 in Armenia and $ 236 in Kyrgyzstan. It is possible that the Russians who have earned a work experience in other EAEU countries will receive a pension much lower than the one that could earn in Russia. Experts believe that in this case, the state will index payments to the level of subsistence levels.

In addition, it is noted that the signing of the EAEU pension agreement is part of the integration processes that are dictated by the 102nd Convention of the International Labor Organization, ratified by the Russian Federation last year. According to experts, this is the first attempt to adjust complex issues of social security not only citizens of the country, but also migrants, but the implementation of this program can open some problems.