Save Memorial!

From October 2019 to January 2020, the International Historical and Educational Society, the Human Rights Center, several regional organizations of Memorial and their leaders were fined in dozens of lawsuits totaling more than 4,500,000 rubles. The reason for the fines was the lack of “foreign agent” markings in media publications, social networks and on Internet sites. The trials are still ongoing, the total amount of fines could reach 6,000,000 rubles. It is quite obvious that the campaign against Memorial is aimed at financially strangling the most authoritative organization engaged in the study of the tragic pages of the history of the USSR.

has begun on the website of the Interregional Society of Scientific Workers (ONR) The collection of signatures under a statement in support of colleagues from Memorial [ 1 ].

Memorial is appealing the fines to higher courts and the ECHR. However, it will take a long time to receive court decisions and compensation, and you need to pay fines and continue working now. You can help Memorial at donate.memo.ru .

Scientific work of the Memorial Society (brief information)

The research work of Memorial and its regional branches in Russia is concentrated in three areas: the history of state terror and political persecution in the USSR, the history of repressive mechanisms, and the history of resistance. There are several thematic research programs operating in Moscow; individual programs are also implemented in regional offices (St. Petersburg, Syktyvkar, Krasnoyarsk, Perm, Voronezh, Ryazan, Komsomolsk-on-Amur, etc.). These programs include archival search, acquisition and systematization of own archival collections, organization of scientific seminars and conferences, publication activity; In such a specific topic as the search for mass graves of victims of terror, field expeditionary work is being carried out. In addition, within the framework of “Memorial” there are several permanent scientific seminars: a source study seminar within the framework of the “Topography of Terror” program, a seminar “The Left in Russia: History and Public Memory”, an annual international seminar on biography “The Right to a Name” (St. Petersburg), “History of samizdat and alternative culture”; Until 2016, under the auspices of Memorial, annual international conferences on the history of political repression were held in Krasnodar and collections of materials were regularly published. In addition, Memorial is, along with the IRI RAS and several academic organizations, the initiator, co-organizer and active participant in the largest annual international scientific forum “History of Stalinism”.

The archival search conducted by employees of a number of regional organizations of Memorial, primarily in the Krasnoyarsk Territory and the Komi Republic, stands out not only for its scale, but also for the introduction into scientific circulation of new types of documentary sources (on the topic of national deportations - echelon lists, on the topic of collectivization and dispossession - documents of RIKs, etc.).

Thanks to archival research and expeditionary search work of several regional branches of Memorial, the largest execution grounds in the North-West were discovered: Levashovskaya Pustosh, Kovalevsky Forest, Koirakangas, Krasny Bor, Sandarmokh.

“Memorial” constantly publishes thematic historical and documentary collections, many of them, such as “Repressions against Poles and Polish Citizens” (1997) and “Repressions against Russian Germans” (1999), are highly regarded by the scientific community, which is confirmed by the high citation rate of those published in them articles.

Researchers from Memorial N.V. Petrov, A.B. Roginsky, N.G. Okhotin, S.B. Prudovsky, Ya.Z. Rachinsky, O.A. Gorlanov made a great contribution to the study of such an important topic as The Great Terror of 1936–1938 and individual mass operations, its regulatory framework, mechanisms and results. The results of these studies are presented mainly on the Internet [ 2 ].

The main research task of Memorial remains the formation of publicly available information resources on the topics being developed. The most important of them:

These publications have not only informational and reference value - they are accompanied by analytical, source study and historiographic articles that describe the achieved level of scientific knowledge and understanding of problems, and pose further research tasks. The above also applies to the Books of Memory, which were created by the regional branches of Memorial - Moscow, Voronezh, Krasnoyarsk, Syktyvkar. These are not just lists of names, accompanied by brief biographical information - introductory articles, publications of archival documents and reference apparatus give these publications independent scientific value.

And of course, the introduction into scientific circulation of a huge number of memoirs, diaries, letters, oral interviews and other sources of non-state origin are also the most important part of Memorial’s scientific work both in Moscow and in the regions.

Links: Historical almanac. Edited by: Okhotin N.G.; Roginsky A.B.; All-Union source-lumen Memorial Island; Scientific research and clearance. Memorial Center. - M.; SPb.: Progress. Phoenix: Atheneum, 1991. Vol. 1.

Links: Historical almanac. Edited by: Okhotin N.G.; Roginsky A.B.; All-Union source-lumen Memorial Island; Scientific research and clearance. Memorial Center - M.; St. Petersburg: Phoenix: Atheneum, 1992. Vol. 2.

Repressions against Poles and Polish citizens . Comp. Guryanov A.E. Scientific information and clearance. Memorial Center. - M.: Links. — Historical collections of “Memorial”, 1997. Vol. 1.

Repentance: Komi Republican martyrology of victims of mass political repression. Komi Rep. society polit victims fund repression "Repentance". — Syktyvkar: Komi book. publishing house, 1998 - T. 1 - 12. Part 2. http:/old.memo.ru/library/bkmemory/komi.htm

The system of forced labor camps in the USSR . 1923–1960. Directory / Author. coll.: Jacobson M., Kokurin A.I., Krivenko S.V. et al.; comp. Smirnov M.B. Institute "Memorial", GARF. - M.: Links, 1998.

Repressions against Russian Germans . Punished people: According to the mother. conf. “Repressions against Russian Germans in the Soviet Union in the context of Soviet national policy”, conducted by the German Cultural Center. Goethe in Moscow together with the Memorial Island, November 18–20, 1998 / Ed.-comp. Shcherbakova I.L. Memorial Society; Goethe-Institut (Moscow). - M.: Links, 1999.

Petrov N.V. Who led the NKVD, 1934–1941: Directory. M.: Links, 1999. ( old.memo.ru/uploads/files/845.pdf )

Wiezniowie lagrow w rejonie Workuty. Prisoners of the camps of the Vorkuta region / Comp. Dzenkevich A., Guryanov A., Khaidarova E. Arch. Ex. executive punishment of the Ministry of Justice of the Russian Federation in Rep. Komi, Vorkuta; Vorkut. history-enlighten human rights protection philanthropic Memorial Island; Center for the Study of Genocide and Resistance of Lithuanian Residents, Vilnius; Scientific information and enlighten. Memorial Center, Moscow; Center MAP, Warsaw, 1999–2001. — Index of the repressed; Vol. 10.

Part 1: Alphabetical list of 4105 Poles and Polish citizens of other nationalities arrested since September 17. 1939 to January 4 1944, held in Vorkutlag, Intlag, Minlag, Obsk ITL and camps of the Northern Directorate of Railway Construction.

Part 2: Alphabetical list of 5690 Poles and Polish citizens of other nationalities arrested after January 4. 1944, held in Vorkutlag, Intlag, Minlag, Obsk ITL and Construction 501, as well as other camps of the Northern Directorate of Railway Construction.

Execution lists: Moscow, 1937–1941: “Kommunarka”, Butovo: Book of Memory of Victims of Political Repression / Ed. Eremina L.G., Roginsky A.B. Institute "Memorial" and others - M.: Society "Memorial", 2000. ( ru.openlist.wiki/Category:Moscow,_execution_lists_-_Kommunarka )

Uwiezieni w Ostaszkowie i Riazaniu: Alfabetyczny wykazy 4307 Polakow i obywateli polskich, ktorzy w latach 1944–1947 przeszli przez obozy enieckie nr 41 i nr 178–454 NKWD-MWD ZSRR. Prisoners of Ostashkov and Ryazan: Alphabetical lists of 4307 interned Poles and Polish citizens from 1944–1947. through prisoner of war camps No. 41 and No. 178-454 of the NKVD-MVD of the USSR / Comp. Dzenkevich A., Guryanov A. Ros. state military arch. (Moscow), Scientific-inform. and clearance. Memorial Center, KARTA Center (Warsaw). Warszawa: Osrodek KARTA, 2002. - Index of the repressed; Vol. 13.

Stalin's execution lists . Intl. Memorial Island, Arch. President of the Russian Federation. - M.: Links, 2002. - 1 CD.
Also available as an electronic resource. [The database, with the ability to view regional lists, is based on 383 lists of those sentenced to death by direct decision of Politburo members in 1937–1938 and includes 44.5 thousand names. It also exists in MySQL format. ] [Posted on: stalin.memo.ru/ ]

Prisoners of “ALZHIR”: List of female prisoners of Akmola and other departments of Karlag / Comp. Grinev V.M. and others. Assoc. victims. illegal repressions of Astana, Int. Memorial Island - M.: Zvenya, 2003. ( lib.memo.ru/book/3899 )

Deportowani w obwodzie archangielskim. Polish special settlers in the Arkhangelsk region / Comp. Rybarska E., Guryanov A., Rachinsky A., Lozinska T.; Inform. control center internal Affairs of the Arkhangelsk Region, NIPC "Memorial", Center KARTA (Poland) - Warszawa: Osrodec KARTA, 2003 - Index of the repressed; Vol. 14. Parts 1–7 .

Problems of the history of mass political repressions in the USSR: Materials of the 1st region. scientific conf. / Scientific ed. Kropachev S.A.; Krasnodar. citizens club education "TS "South Wave", Krasnodar. regional department of general Russia. society org. “Rus. Memorial". — Krasnodar, 2003.

The right to a name: biographies of the twentieth century. Readings in memory of Benjamin Iofe. Scientific information Memorial Center, Center for Independent Sociol. research, Europe. University in St. Petersburg - St. Petersburg, 2004. Issue. 1–16.

Book of memory of victims of political repressions in the Krasnoyarsk region. Krasnoyarsk Administration Council. edges, Ex. social protection of the population of the Krasnoyar administration. Territory, Committee for Archives of the Krasnoyar Administration. region, Krasnoyar. source-lumen human rights protection and charitable. Memorial Island. - Krasnoyarsk: Publishing house. projects, 2004. Book. 1–14.

Russian socialists and anarchists after October 1917: history, ideas, traditions of democratic socialism and the fate of participants in the left resistance to the Bolshevik regime. Electronic resource. [Posted on: socialist.memo.ru/ ].

All-Union Society of Political Prisoners and Exiled Settlers: Education, development, liquidation, 1921–1935: Former members of society during the Great Terror: Materials of the international. scientific conf. (26–28 Oct. 2001) / Comp. Leontyev Y., Junge M. - M.: Memorial Institute; Links, 2004.

Deportowani w obwodzie woіogodzkim: Alfabetyczny wykaz 14226 obywateli polskich wywiezionych w 1940 roku z obwodуw Biaіoruskiej SRR i Ukrainskiej SRR . Polish special settlers in the Vologda region: Alphabetical lists of 14,226 Polish citizens expelled in 1940 from the western regions of the BSSR and Ukrainian SSR / Compiled by: Dzenkevich E., Guryanov A. et al.; Inform. control center internal affairs of the Vologda region (Russia, Vologda), NIPC “Memorial” (Russia, Moscow), Center MAP (Poland). - Warszawa: Osrodec KARTA, 2005. - Index of the repressed. Vol. 17.

Firing lists: Moscow, 1937–1953. Don Cemetery [Don Crematorium]: Book of Memory of Victims of Political Repression / Ed. L.S. Eremina, A.B. Roginsky. — Moscow Government Commission for the restoration of the rights of rehabilitated victims of political repression, Center. archive of the FSB of the Russian Federation, Memorial. — M.: Memorial Institute; Links, 2005.

Voronezh Stalin's lists: Book of memory of victims of political repressions in the Voronezh region: In 2 volumes [Editorial committee: Kobyashev V.G. (prev.) etc.; comp.: Bityutsky V.I., Glebov V.G., Kuzin K.I. and etc.; under general ed. V.I. Bityutsky]; Administration of Voronezh. region, Voronezh. source-lumen org. "Memorial", State. arch. social-political history of Voronezh. region — Voronezh: Spirit Center. revival of Chernozem. region, 2006–2007. T. 1, 2.

Memoirs about political repressions in the USSR, stored in the archives of the Memorial Society: Annotated catalog / Comp. Larkov S.A. M.: Memorial Institute; Links. 2007. Vol. 1.

Wywiezieni do Kalugi. Alfabetyczny wykaz 4936 zolnierzy Armii Krajowej oraz poborowych Polakow z Wilenszczyzny i Nowogrodczyzny przymusowo wcielonych do 361 zapasowego putku piechoty Armii Czerwonej od sierpnja 1944 do stycznia 1946. Exported to Kaluga. Alphabetical list of 4936 Home Army participants and Poles conscripts from the northwestern regions of the BSSR, forcibly included in the 361st reserve rifle regiment of the Red Army from August 1944 to January 1946 / Comp. Dzenkevich A., Guryanov A.; NIPC "Memorial", Center KARTA, Warsaw; Moscow, Warsaw, 2008. Index of repressed people. Vol. 19.

Petrov N.V. Who led the state security agencies. 1941–1954: Directory. Intl. Memorial Island, Russia state arch. social-political history, Central Asia of the FSB of Russia. - M.: International. Memorial Island; Links, 2010.

Acta samizdatica / Notes on samizdat. Almanac / Comp. Belenkin B., Strukova E., with the participation of Superfin G.; GPIB of Russia, Int. historical-enlightenment, beneficent and the human rights organization Memorial. — M.: GPIB of Russia; Memorial Island, 2012. Vol. 1–4.

Problems of the history of mass political repressions in the USSR. To the 70th anniversary of the beginning of the Great Patriotic War: Mater. VII international scientific conf. / Ch. ed. Kropachev S.A.; Russian "Memorial". — Krasnodar: Ecoinvest, 2012.

Problems of the history of mass political repressions in the USSR. 1953–2013: 60 years without Stalin. Understanding the past of the Soviet state: Mater. VIII intl. scientific conf. / Ch. ed. S.A. Kropachev; Krasnodar. regional department of general Russia. society org. “Russian historical, educational, human rights and charitable society “Memorial” (Russian “Memorial”). Kuban. state University; Vagit Alekperov Foundation for Regional Social Programs “Our Future”. — Krasnodar: Ecoinvest, 2013. Parts 1, 2.

Killed in Katyn. Book of memory of Polish prisoners of war - prisoners of the Kozel camp of the NKVD, executed by decision of the Politburo of the Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks on March 5, 1940 / Comp. Guryanov A. Int. Memorial Island (Moscow), Center Map (Warsaw) - M.: Memorial Island; Links, 2015.

Filippov S. Territorial leaders of the CPSU (b) in 1934–1939. Directory. Scientific information and clearance. Memorial Center. Ross. State archive of socio-political history. Ross. state archive of recent history. FSB Central Archive. - M.: ROSSPEN, 2016.

Filippov S. Leaders of the central bodies of the CPSU (b) in 1934–1939. Directory. Scientific information and clearance. Memorial Center. Ross. state archive of socio-political history. State archive of the Russian Federation. Ross. state archive of recent history. Central archive of the FSB of Russia. Main Archival Department of Moscow. - M.: ROSSPEN, 2018.

Killed in Kalinin, buried in Medny: Book of memory of Polish prisoners of war - prisoners of the Ostashkov camp of the NKVD of the USSR, executed by decision of the Politburo of the Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks of March 5, 1940 : In 3 volumes / Rep. ed. Guryanov A.; comp. Rachinsky A., Dzenkevich A., Zenkov S.; Intl. Memorial Island. - M.: Memorial Society, 2019. T. 1. Biograms of prisoners of war. A-L. T. 2. Biograms of prisoners of war. M—Y. T. 3. What do we know about Medny.

Victims of political terror in the USSR. Database. [The list of victims of political repression includes more than 3 million people]. [Resource posted at: base.memo.ru/ ]

Biographical Dictionary of Dissidents of Central and Eastern Europe. 1956–1989 : In 2 vols.; Intl. Memorial Island (Moscow), Center Map (Warsaw). — M.: Memorial Institute; Links, 2015. [Forthcoming]

The Memorial library catalog is located at: lib.memo.ru/