Nikolai Cheremukhin

On May 13, 1928, Nikolai Cheremukhin, a military doctor, a liquidator of the Chernobyl accident was born.

Personal business

Nikolai Alekseevich Cheremukhin (1928–2008) was born in the village of Chukanovka (now part of the city of Bobrov) of the Bobrovsky district of the Voronezh region. He graduated from high school and in 1947 entered the Kiev Military Medical School. After graduating from the school with honors in 1950, he was sent to the Karelian-Finnish Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic to the post of paramedic of the border commandant’s office of the 110th border detachment.

In 1951, Cheremukhin entered the Military Medical Academy (Vmed) named after CM. Kirova, where, starting from the 3rd year, he was actively engaged in scientific circles in general surgery and otorhinolaryngology.

A year after the end of the academy, a three-month primary specialization in otorhinolaryngology was held, and in 1959 he graduated from the highest academic courses at the ENT clinic, led by the academician General of the Lieutenant of the Medical Service V.I. Voyachk. In the same year, Nikolai Cheremukhin was transferred to Kyiv to the post of otolaryngologist of the 120th nurse of the Kyiv military district.

In 1964, after the end of the two-year faculty of improvement of Vmeda doctors, he was sent to the group of Soviet troops in Germany for the post of head of the ENT of the 1420 Military Basic hospital and the main otolaryngologist of the association. Within 5 years, he introduced auditory, plastic and endolaryngroal operations in the hospital, as well as a number of new methods of treating patients with various ENT pathology, published several articles on tympanoplasty, treating patients with sinusitis, tonsillar problem and surgical access to internal ear.

In 1969, Cheremukhin returned to Kyiv to the post of senior resident of the military-market examination department of the 408th OVG, and in 1973 he was appointed head of the medical protection department of the civil defense headquarters (GO) under the Council of Ministers of the Ukrainian SSR. He developed plans and senior documents for the authorities of departments, formations and institutions for working in peacetime and wartime in the foci of mass destruction with poisonous substances, radiation, bacteriological infection and other natural disasters.

During the accident at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant, he organized rescue measures in the disaster zone, underwent radiation, as a result of which he received a chronic radiation disease. After 4.5 months of rehabilitation, he received the status of a disabled person II, and later - group I.

In 1988, by age and health reasons, Cheremukhin was dismissed from the armed forces and in the same year came to work at the Institute of Otolaryngology. Prof. A.I. Kolomiychenko of the Academy of Sciences of Ukraine by the specialist of the cabinet of cryolatras surgery and magnetic laser therapy. Here he worked until the end of his life, annually performing about 600 outpatient operations on ENT organs. In addition to the Institute of Otolaryngology, from 1997 to 2003, in combination, he worked in the ENT clinic of the Main Military Clinical Hospital by an oncologist.

Nikolai Cheremukhin died of cancer on November 30, 2008 at the age of 80. He was buried in a bike cemetery in Kyiv.

What is famous

Nikolai Cheremukhin is a liquidator of the Chernobyl accident, one of the leading organizers of rescue events in the disaster zone. From the first days of the Chernobyl tragedy, he directly organized rescue measures in Pripyat, Chernobyl and in 40 settlements of the 30-kilometer Chernobyl zone, during which he underwent severe radiation.

For 2.5 months of stay in the Chernobyl zone, he accumulated 11 radioactive elements and received an irradiation dose of more than 40 BER (0.4 SIVERT). On June 13, 1986, Cheremukhin was evacuated from the station in a state of clinical death, but he survived and lived with a chronic radiation disease for more than 20 years.

Nikolai Cheremukhin participated in the creation of 5 educational films and 14 diaphils about work in the foci of mass destruction of the population, which are still widely used.

What you need to know about

During his surgical practice, Nikolai Cheremukhin made about 25,000 ENT operations. He wrote more than 50 scientific works, of which more than 30 were published in a closed press, and only 16 were published openly. The works published in the open press are devoted to otosclerosis, tympanoplasty, tonsilled complications, allergic diseases of the ENT organs, a professional in the candidates for flight schools, as well as issues of protecting the population from technogenic and natural disasters.

Direct speech

About the work to eliminate the consequences of the Chernobyl accident: “He worked almost around the clock, slept for 2-3 hours. He comprehended the depth and scale of the tragedy in place. I didn’t understand everything, I could not talk about everything. Yes, and there was once. The time was compressed: even about the house where the one -year -old grandson remained, there was no time to think.

In the very first days, the government commission decided how to extinguish the reactor. Initially, barium powder was used. It did not help. Then they brought a whole composition of lead. But this did not help either. It was decided to fall asleep with sand. Helicopters flew over the reactor, dropping bags. A powerful torch of sand, radioactive graphite and lead rose from the reactor. And then the miners from Donetsk arrived. They made an undermining under the reactor and put a cooling device. If not for them, who knows what would be with us.

The evacuation took place quickly and clearly: at first we took out women with children, pregnant women. But men, after all, almost everyone worked on a shift on the Chernobyl nuclear power plant. People were evacuated lightly, after all, no one thought that it was for a long time. They thought that for 2-3 days. 50,000 population of Pripyat and 12,000 inhabitants of Chernobyl were evicted.

The rural population did not want to leave, many had livestock. The state bought cattle from people and it was scored, then buried in burial grounds

This is a government mistake, maybe even a crime that it did not tell the truth right away. After all, when foreigners came from the IAEA, they told them everything and showed the numbers. People need to be informed always and on time. Then the doctors will be less than the work. ”

4 facts about Nikolai Cheremukhin

• Working as a paramedic in the Karelian-Finnish Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic, Nikolai Cheremukhin served the personnel of the border outposts, removed from each other by 10-20 km. The only means of transportation in the conditions of abundant snowfalls were running skis, on which he traveled to border posts, as he had the first sports category in skiing. Since there were no other healthcare authorities in those places, Cheremukhin had to provide soldiers, officers and members of their families almost all types of medical care, up to the receipt of childbirth.
• Even moving to the “cabinet work” to the headquarters of the GO, Nikolai Cheremukhin visited the ENT of the 408th OVG 3-4 times a month and from 1975 to 1985 performed about 400 surgical oppositions on the ENT-Organ (submucous resection of the nasal septum, tonsilloectomy, sinusitis and nose polypotomy, and trepanopanic frontal sinuses, conkhotomy and other operations). .
• Working at the Institute of Otolaryngology. Prof. A.I. Kolomiychenko, Cheremukhin walked towards the requests of patients seeking to be in time for work or study, to carry out treatment early and every day came to work at the institute at 7 in the morning, instead of the official 9 in the morning.
• Colonel of the Medical Service Nikolai Cheremukhin was awarded the Order of the "Person of Honor" and 20 medals.

Materials about Nikolai Cheremukhin

Nikolai Alekseevich Cheremukhin. Wushnykh magazine, nosovikh І І і ilchikor, No. 3, 2008

Article about Nikolai Cheremukhin on Wikipedia