With the start of the school year, the new state initiative is given - an educational loan with expanded state support. Increasing the availability of higher education reveals unresolved problems: employment of young specialists, increasing prices for training and reducing budget places.

For many years, banks offer educational loans, but before it was not particularly in demand due to the high cost of money and difficulties in receipt. At the June meeting “On the situation in the education system in the context of the spread of a new coronavirus infection”, the Russian President ordered to increase the attractiveness of educational lending. And since the end of August, loans, according to the new rules, began to issue Sberbank, at the moment - the only operator who has the right to do so.

A balanced proposal

The conditions for the issuance of an educational loan have become noticeably better: the rate decreased from 8.5% to 3%, less inflation; The maximum term of payment has grown from 10 to 15 years, which allows you to reduce monthly payments. The student can take a loan without guarantors and collateral, repay it ahead of schedule and without commissions, and the grace period of lending has grown from three to nine months, so that after release it is in a hurry to look for a suitable job.

Director of the Center for Continuing Education IPEI RANEPA Tatyana Klyachko:

- Pandemia played a significant role: many students who study on a paid basis have lost their part -time job, and it was problematic for them to pay for training. Some of the budget students who studied in other cities and lived in hostels were faced with a lack of money to pay for what is called concomitant expenses upon receipt of higher education. The long -term solution to the problem demanded to move on to the issuance of educational loans at a low (very low for Russia) rate.

In the next two years, due to anti-crisis measures, the costs of the “Education” project will decrease by 14 billion rubles. The educational loan shifts payment to the student, that is, allow you to save budget money.

In 2019, according to Sberbank, the average amount of the educational loan (even at the previous, high rate) was 106,000 rubles, and the average cost of training was 70,000 rubles. for the semester. Borrowers preferred such specialties as jurisprudence, economics and therapeutic business, and the most popular was the NRU HSE, RANEPA, RUDN, Moscow State University and REU named after Plekhanov.

A decrease in the rate of educational loan can increase the share of applicants who go to study in the university and to the program that attracts them. Now, in the case of a shortage of points for the budget department and the lack of own funds, it is not necessary to switch to a more accessible option for the USE scores.

The educational loan is more designed to help improve the quality of education, but not necessarily - the qualities of life.

On the scales - diploma and income

In Western countries, educational loans are more than popular. The National Bureau of Economic Research has published The report , according to which the increase in state allocations for education, including educational loans, leads to the fact that graduates consume more, receive cheaper loans, live in rich areas and have the best total indicators of life results. About half of the American students study at universities at the expense of educational loans and consider the costs of servicing them a profitable investment.

In Russia, the presence of higher education does not clearly correlate with an increase in the quality of life. According to the vice -rector of the financial university under the government of Alexander Safonov, the youth came to the understanding that investments in higher education do not necessarily bring the desired result.

This idea is confirmed by the study of HeadHunter - obtaining a diploma in Russia does not guarantee a good earnings and a prestigious position: more than 40% of those who receive higher education do not work in their specialty, and most often this is due to a low salary.

Director for internal research and academic development of students of the Higher School of Economics Ivan Gruzdev, on the contrary, is sure that educational credit can be considered as a very reasonable investment:

-salaries of graduates of leading universities on average by 25-30%. Our annual polls of the tower graduates show that six months after the release, the level of employment reaches 95%.

In the RANEPA, they warn:

- The graduate will have to extinguish an educational loan regardless of the success of employment. The only question is that an educational loan with a rate of 3% is introduced during the period of economic turbulence and we do not know when a good job will appear.

Students who have received a loan fall into a vicious circle: obligations are pushing for part -time work, and this is fraught with a decrease in performance. Of the pluses, the motivation for study increases, if only because in the case of deducting, the borrower at once loses preferences: the loan will have to be paid at a rate of 13.39% and without other benefits.

Hurry up to take a chair

Higher education, thanks to a cheap educational loan, becomes more affordable. In the future, the accelerated increase in the cost of studying at the expense of the influx of solvent applicants. This fits into the general trend. According to Rosstat, the same 70,000 rubles. For the semester, which in 2019 there are training at universities, this is 19% more than in 2018. It would seem, the more extra -budgetary students the university enrolls, the cheaper the training becomes, but the law is the limiter: the price of a paid place cannot be lower than the price of the budget.

This, in turn, can contribute to a further reduction in budget places - to save the state budget. IN Government report The education policy represented by the Federal Assembly says that the number of budget places in Russia universities by 2024 will be reduced by 17% compared to 2019, and applicants will become more by 15%, so the chances of obtaining higher education at the expense of the state will be significantly reduced. Whereas in states like France or Germany, budget places make up 80–90% of the total.

In 2020, the prices for training legally frozen at the 2019 level, and the number of budget places was slightly increased. And after the pandemic, the market will receive a wave of credit graduates who count on a good job.

Available loan revealed the price of education