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Order of Lenin and Order of the October Revolution Federal State Budgetary Institution "National Research Center "KURCHATOV INSTITUTE" (SRC "Kurchatov Institute") PRESIDENT Pl. Academician Kurchatova, 1, Moscow, Russia, 123182 11/30/2020
The document bears the visa of M.V. Mishustin “Chernyshenko D.N. Please look into it and report.”
To the Chairman of the Government of the Russian Federation
MISHUSTINU M. V.
Dear Mikhail Vladimirovich!
The strategy of scientific and technological development of the Russian Federation defines one of the key tasks, without the solution of which it is impossible to ensure the country’s ability to adequately respond to major challenges, the formation of an effective modern system for managing the sphere of research and development.
The basic principles of building such a system are determined by the fact that scientific and educational organizations, industrial enterprises and innovative structures, solving a large number of diverse problems, must collectively ensure the implementation of a full innovation cycle from fundamental research to the implementation of R&D results in production.
This requires the use of various methods for organizing the activities of scientific teams solving different problems, and the use of adequate instruments for their financing.
Taking into account the best domestic and world practices, in particular, the experience of organizing the scientific and technological sphere of Germany, it seems advisable to reformat the scientific potential of the Russian Federation, uniting scientific and scientific-educational organizations into five clusters (groups) in accordance with the tasks facing them.
The first group should unite organizations that create and operate unique scientific facilities. The activities of these organizations, which have a complex and expensive research and technological infrastructure on their balance sheet and constitute the strategic core of the country's scientific and technological complex, must be supported to this extent from the federal budget.
The scientific program of this group should be aimed at solving strategic problems of scientific and technological development and financed mainly through government orders (directive). The organizations included in it should not, as a rule, participate in competitions of various funds and other development institutions.
Such an association could bear the name of I.V. Kurchatov (an analogue is the Helmholtz Society, Germany).
In addition to funding from the federal budget, the association must have at its disposal a reserve (operating) fund that would allow it to quickly and flexibly support those areas in which results of strategic importance must be achieved in the shortest possible time.
The second group of organizations are scientific organizations that carry out fundamental research in a wide range of modern natural science areas. Their task is to obtain new knowledge about the structure and properties of the material world and to form a scientific base for fundamentally new techniques and technologies.
This group should include institutes that have scientific performance indicators comparable to or exceeding global ones.
Funding for this association should consist of basic funding (from the federal budget) and through participation in competitions of federal executive authorities, the Russian Foundation for Basic Research, the Russian Science Foundation and other foundations, including participation in international scientific projects.
The association of institutes of this group could be named after M.V. Lomonosov (analogue - Max Planck Society, Germany).
On the same principles, a third association of scientific organizations could be created, carrying out research into global socio-economic processes, the spiritual world of man in connection with his social functions and manifestations, and forecasting the processes of world development. This association could bear the name of V.I. Vernadsky.
The fourth group could consist of state research centers and other organizations carrying out applied problem-oriented research and development. The main task of this group is to transfer the results of the activities of the first two groups to the real sector of the economy. Based on this, approximately half of the budget of the participants of this association could be provided from the federal budget, the second part - orders from industrial companies, competitions of federal executive authorities, etc.
Scientific organizations of this group could form an association named after S.P. Korolev (analogue - Fraunhofer Society, Germany).
An association that would include Moscow State University. M. V. Lomonosov, St. Petersburg State University, leading national research and federal universities, solving the strategic task of developing the country's intellectual potential, could bear the name of Peter the Great.
The financing scheme for the participants of this association should be diversified and include financing from funds [sic! - Ed. ] federal budget (infrastructure, state assignments), participation in competitions of federal executive authorities, grants from the Russian Foundation for Basic Research, Russian Science Foundation and other development institutions, orders from scientific organizations, industrial enterprises, businesses.
The basis for the unification of organizations of the first group was laid by the “Partnership Agreement in the field of creation, modernization and use of unique mega-class research facilities”, concluded by fifteen of the largest scientific organizations of the Russian Federation and supported by the President of the Russian Federation (03/21/2013 No. Pr-1181).
The full-scale creation of the structure described above would ensure the functioning of the sphere of science, technology and innovation as a single system, integrated with the socio-economic system of the country and ensuring the independence and competitiveness of Russia.
At your decision.
Sincerely,
M. V. Kovalchuk