This don has broken ...

Russia after the United States announced the exit from the Open Sky Treaty. Who will lose from this?

The Russian Foreign Ministry has not yet sent a notification to depository to withdraw from the contract, but soon, obviously, it will send, and then the official countdown of the time will begin, and six months later, the Treaty on the Open Heaven (Don) will no longer operate for the Russian Federation.

This is a standard procedure for the exit of a sovereign country from any international agreement. So on May 21 last year, President Donald Trump announced his intention to withdraw the United States from the Don, and six months later on November 22, the State Department confirmed that the exit took place, although Trump had managed to lose the presidential election by that time.

The administration of Joe Bayden from Don would most likely not leave, especially since the European NATO allies asked not to do this, but the return move is no longer possible:

The executive branch can bring the country out of the international agreement independently, and in order to return, ratification in the Senate is trembling - 2/3 of the vote or at least 67 Senators “for”, which is currently politically impossible.

The manned aircraft score, which is the basis of the Don, is a very old technology of the Second World War and several subsequent decades. The first idea, Don was put forward by President and General Dwight Eisenhower during a summit with the Soviet Prime Minister Nikolai Bulganin in Geneva in 1955. Eisenhower proposed to fix a thaw and discharge after the death of Joseph Stalin with mutual permitted aeronautics. The United States had many distant photo reconnaissance aircraft based on strategic bombers RB-47 and RB-36, which in the first half of the fifties and without permission flew far deep into the territory of the USSR. Nikita Khrushchev rejected the proposal.

President George Bush in the 89th again proposed Don, and Bill Clinton signed it in March 92, being in the euphoria of the end of the Cold War. Test mutual flights began almost immediately, officially the contract completely entered into force in 2002.

* Flights are regulated,

• The permitted maximum resolution in pictures is only 30 CM/PX - only to distinguish the tank from the truck.

• On board the Don aircraft you can place a side radar.

• All photographs are considered common and must be transmitted at the request of any country of the Don at the price of copying.

• For small European countries, especially neutral as Sweden and Finland, Don gives an independent opportunity to receive legal disorders.

The Pentagon Don is practically not needed from a military-technical point of view.

American satellites give images better than possible under the conditions of the Don. Russia (the USSR) has always been technologically lagging behind, and this gap is growing: in the Russian Federation, it still cannot be commissioned by the global all -weather satellite system of high -resolution radiation, similar to the American satellites Lacrosse, which the Pentagon, by the way, has already disabled, replacing Topaz (5 satellites) with a high -high product with a high All and always with permission: at night, in the rain, in the fog, in the blizzard and dusty storm, not only on the ground, but, as reported, also underground.

At one time, the Americans certified by the rules of the Don two nonsense aircraft Boeing OC-135B with analog intelligence equipment-they are now 60 years old. To continue to participate in the Don, it was necessary to change them: to equip and certify new machines, spend hundreds of millions of dollars, but in the Congress did not want to allocate money, since neither the new machines nor the information that they can issue are really needed and for nothing.

In the Russian Federation, in return for the old reconnaissance An-30, the possibilities of which, in fact, were written by the Don, as well as the converted Ty-154M-LK1, built, equipped and certified, overcoming the American resistance, two new completely digital intelligence Tu-214Hs with a side view radar. Outside the framework of Don, these cars are almost useless - they will have to be seriously redo.

The Swedes converted and certified the Saab 340 reconnaissance for the Don, in the Federal Republic of Germany in 2017 they purchased and converted for Don Airbus A319, with which it is now not clear what to do.

After Trump announced his withdrawal from the Don, Moscow was originally claimed that they were ready to stay in the contract with everyone else, if the US allies promise that they would not share with Washington the dassenpers received and if Russian aircraft would be allowed to fly over US bases in Europe.

But the proposal turned out to be only a diplomatic PR action in order to quarrel Europeans with a bad America.

When it became finally clear that Trump was probably leaving, losing the elections that Europeans are joyfully ready to rebuild relations with Washington under Bayden, and that no disagreements on the Don would interfere with this, they declared (and apparently, they decided for a long time), that they also left Don, naturally accusing everyone else of this.

A number of European countries were sent to Moscow a note that Russian requirements comply with the text of the contract, and the details were proposed to work as part of the Don’s advisory commission. In response, the Foreign Ministry passed to megaphone diplomacy. According to Maria Zakharova, the situation after leaving the US Don “is absolutely unacceptable for us - all NATO members would have been able to observe the entire territory of Russia, and the territory of the leader of the alliance - the United States - was closed from Russian observation.” Zakharova accused the European countries that "the political orientation towards the United States was more important for them than Don." The fate of the contract is clearly resolved.

Formally, Don will remain after the release of the United States and the Russian Federation, but there will be little sense in it.

For the most part, NATO member countries do not need to inspect each other, although, for example, Greece and Turkey-it can be useful.

Belarus consists in the Don, where there is something to inspect, but it is not clear how long Alexander Lukashenko will remain in the Don after the release of the Russian Federation.

Don appeared when, after the collapse of communism, the USSR and the end of the Cold War, it seemed that the threat of war in Europe disappeared forever. Now there was no trace of that euphoria. Don did not have the foundation and political meaning of existence.

In addition, the military-technical contract is outdated. Modern commercial satellites, such as the WorldView-3 company Digitalglobe, withdraw space photographs of the Earth with the same clarity of 31 CM/PX for sale, which is registered in the Don. Europeans can subscribe to or boast together for several billion euros and build/launch their own group of optical and radar intelligence satellites independent of the United States. They have all technologies for this.