Murder in Nizhny Novgorod provokes the growth of anti -migrant sentiments

At the end of last week, in the village of Kudma, a family of four people was killed on the outskirts of Nizhny Novgorod. As the investigation suggests, a crime was committed by a citizen of Uzbekistan who worked for a long time in the house of the dead. The incident provoked a new wave of xenophobia - the last days on the network without stopping discuss the crime of migrants and demand to introduce the “Law of Misha Malakhov” (that was the name of the murdered boy), which regulates the entry of foreigners to Russia. The correspondent of the “Novaya” figured out the reason for the hatred and discussed with experts why the high crime rate among migrants is a myth.

Tragedy in Nizhny Novgorod

The brutal murder in Nizhny Novgorod occurred at the end of last week - on February 28, the bodies of two pensioners, as well as women and a child, were found in a private house in the village of Kudma. The dead were the head of the Nizhny Novgorod Directorate of the Gorky Railway Anatoly Korolev, his wife Olga Malakhova, daughter -in -law Elena (director of the studio of floristry and decor) and six -year -old grandson Mikhail. Elena’s husband Sergei Malakhov during the incident was on a business trip in Belgorod, and their fourteen -year -old daughter was in equestrian training. The girl began to worry after she did not come to take her from classes. When he and his father could not get through to his loved ones, Sergey asked the neighbor to check if everything was in order. The latter found their relatives dead.

By the evening, the regional Investigative Committee (SK) opened a criminal case of the murder of two or more people (paragraphs “a” of part 2 of article 105 of the Criminal Code), later it became known that the case was also initiated about the murder of a minor (paragraph “B” of the same article). Soon the first suspect was detained. It was a citizen of Uzbekistan Sharofiddin Amirov, who worked for the Malakhov family.

According to the investigation, Amirov “for selfish purposes” was cut in the garage of the 64-year-old Anatoly Korolev and his 63-year-old wife Olga. After he killed their daughter -in -law Elena and her six -year -old son. Having stole a large amount of money and value, Amirov, with the help of his friend, disappeared from the scene of the crime. The suspect was detained in the Vladimir region. On Tuesday, the court arrested him for two months.

On Wednesday in Nizhny Novgorod, a farewell ceremony took place with the killed.

Misha Malakhov’s law

The murder in Nizhny Novgorod became resonant and caused a new wave of migratophobia. In the comments in city publics in VKontakte, under the news about the incident, users began anti -migrant hysteria.

On Monday, the ex-deputy chief editor of Mash Daria Nasonova published on Twitter a post about a crime in Kudm with photographs of a murdered boy and his mother. In the thread, Nasonova ironically wrote “migrantophobia is unreasonable prejudices” and wondered what the popular femo -fummists Lel Nordik or Daria Serenko think about this. Despite the provocativeness of the question, Serenko still answered. Referring to the data of the Prosecutor General’s Office, she noticed that 80% of crimes in Moscow are committed by men with secondary education, citizens of Russia aged 30 to 49 years, without constant sources of income, and high crime of migrants - myth. After they began to insult the girl (Nasonova herself answered in the thread that the information that Serenko spreads does not mean anything and asked for “the same news about the Slavs who killed/raped representatives of Asian and Turkic peoples”), the activist called to sacrifice “civil assistance” (the authorities consider the organization a “foreigner”), the fund that helps the refugees and the foundation and the fund migrants. According to the girl, after her post it was possible to collect at least 45 donations of the organization.

“To use the terrible fact of the death of the family in order to manipulate the attitude of the whole group of people that the killer does not represent in the fact of the murder, how the statistical majority/many personally represent - this is low and manipulatively,” said Serenko on Twitter.

After that,threats from nationalists began to come to Serenko (most recently, the girl was already threatened by supporters of the “male state”). Unknown people wrote to Serenko that her statements fall aside terrorism, and also wished her death. So, in the comments on Instagram, she was recommended to “order coffins”, and one of the users wrote in personal messages that she hopes that “the colorful will eliminate her and her environment next time.”

In addition, on Twitter, the hashtag #take a walk. Users recommend that the girl walk in different cities and districts of Moscow (mainly in the Golyanovo district), where, in their opinion, many labor migrants live and work. It is worth noting that the girl had already lived for some time in the Golyanovo area, in a house where labor migrants were kept in slavery (the New Gazeta wrote in detail about this story).

Daria Nasonova told Novaya Gazeta that Serenko was also bad to sacrifice Serenko, since "it was inappropriate and stupid." Along with this, the woman is outraged by threats to the activist and the wishes of her death. As the ex-deputy chief editor of Mash considered, this is engaged in "some repulsed freaks."

On Wednesday, the hashtag #affected the Gorodshimshimalakhov entered the trends of the Russian Twitter (it was mentioned more than a thousand times). Under the hashtag, users talk about the events in Kudm, other crimes from migrants (with a large number of dubious statistics) and require tightening migration policy. One of the versions of the law can be found on the website “Human Language” (the article is designated as a petition, but there are no data on the collection of signatures on the site).

QUOTE
“By analogy with the“ Law of Dima Yakovlev ”, the idea of ​​which was to protect Russia's children from violence by foreigners abroad, users of the Internet was invented by the idea of“ Misha Malakhov’s Law ”, the idea of ​​which will be the idea of ​​protecting children of Russia from foreigners within the borders of the Russian Federation,” the petition says.

The Law is advised to develop a centralized register filled with employees of the migration service upon approval by a migrant of stay in Russia. It should include the data of a person’s passport and passport, SNILS, a list of permitted types of activities for a migrant, relatives data, etc. In addition, the author of the “bill” also wants to enter specialized accounts for migrants (to limit the use of Zamzam payment systems, the crown and Westernunion, which are allegedly unprofitable for Russia). The account should work according to the following rules:

• should be the only account opened for a labor migrant until the latter received a passport of a citizen of the Russian Federation;

• must have a number of restrictions on:

a) the minimum amount of balance of funds (at least 5000 rubles) in one month;

b) the maximum amount of balance of funds (not more than 2,250,000) in one year;

c) the maximum amount of transfers from the account (not more than 25,000 rubles) per month.

If you look at the hashtag, there are not so many links specifically to this bill, but many users and organizations consider the adoption of such a law necessary. Among them turned out to be a conservative faction of the youth civil society (the chairman of the Civil Engineering movement is the Libertarian Mikhail Svetov), ​​as well as the club of traditionalists associated with the Civil Society. As the Novaya Gazeta was told in a conservative faction,

So far, there is no single bill “Misha Malakhov”, but its essence is simple - the complication of the process of migration to Russia for citizens of Central Asia.

According to the representative of the faction, different people offer different options - some even want to oblige migrants to wear special bracelets and take all kinds of tests (while in the fractions they do not deny that these people may be provocateurs). In any case, activists believe that the minimum requirements for the law are the introduction of a visa fee (25,000 rubles) and a pledge guaranteeing the law -abiding migrant (250,000 rubles). The law itself is necessary, at least, to solve two problems - the lack of jobs for the indigenous population of Russia and a decrease in high level of ethnic crime. People who began to support foreigners now evaluate in a conservative faction negatively.

- Such people are practically no different from power. They do not want to provide the Russians with the opportunity to earn money and do not want to protect Russian women from foreign rapists. The people are simply called - Russophobes, - they told Novaya Gazeta in the faction.

In Russophobes, the conservative faction and the club of traditionalists (also associated with civil society) have already been recorded Daria Serenko and comedian Alexander Dolgopolova .

Plans to change the legislative regulation of migration flows exist at the official level. Back in September last year, RIA Novosti, with reference to the concept of the draft new Federal Law on Migration issues, reported that the Ministry of Internal Affairs proposed introducing ID cards for labor migrants and making patents for them electronic. In turn, according to the proposal, employers of migrants will have to register on a special website and fill out an application for inclusion in the register of employers who attract foreign labor.

To pay tax, the employee will need to issue an electronic patent. If a foreigner does not pay personal income tax in the form of a fixed advance payment (has existed since 2015), first he will receive a notification demanding to pay it within 15 days. In case of refusal, the authorities may prohibit him to work in Russia or deport him from the country. In addition, the authors of the project proposed to take fingerprints from labor migrants coming to Russia.

The Ministry of Internal Affairs believe that the innovation will allow employers not to arrange a quota to attract foreign labor. They will be able to find the necessary workers on the electronic register of migrants.

Migrants myth as the main source of crime

Opponents of migrants, expressing their position, often reinforce their words not only by private stories, but also by statistics, which for the most part is quite doubtful. Some cite the number of crimes committed by migrants (without indicating the total number of crimes in question), others in one indicator mix internal migrants and external ones. The news of RIA news from 2016 is especially popular, which states that 75% of rape in Moscow were committed by migrants (the New Gazeta wrote in detail why this figure cannot be believed). All this is a consequence of the “myth of crime” of migrants. Experts are sure that the real situation is very far from what they want to imagine.

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According to an expert on working with ethnic minorities and labor migrants of the PSP Fund charity fund Andrei Yakimov,

The myth of the crime of migrants can be easily destroyed using statistics from the Russian Prosecutor General (the department collects all information on crime in the country and regions).

According to these data, in 2020 there were a total of 2 044 221 crimes. Of these, foreigners and stateless persons (this category just includes external labor migrants) only 34,400 crimes, which is less than 1.7% of the total. At the same time, in 2020, there were about 9.3 million foreigners in Russia, which is approximately 6% of the total Russian population.

- Roughly speaking, 98.3% of crimes in Russia are committed by Russian citizens. In different regions, the situation will vary. In the same Moscow, the percentage of migrant crime will be slightly higher, because the number of labor migrants here is much larger than in other cities of Russia. But even in the capital, the crime rate by foreign citizens and stateless persons is 4.5%. I doubt that people who talk about 75% of migrant crimes have a more complete sample than the Prosecutor General’s Office, ”Yakimov explains.

According to the Prosecutor General’s Office, in the Nizhny Novgorod region, where a citizen of Uzbekistan killed the Malakhov family, 42,337 crimes were committed in 2020, of which 421 crime were committed by foreign citizens and stateless persons. Strictly speaking, less percent.

At the same time, the situation is slightly changing, if we consider convicts from individual grave articles (detailed analysis can be found on the website of the Judicial Department of the Supreme Court). Yakimov represents statistics on both parts of the 105th article of the Criminal Code (murder).

Statistics Part 1 of Article 105 ("Murder")
In 2019 (when there were twice as much migrants in Russia than in 2020) the number of convicts in the first part of this article reaches 4891 people, of which 196 people and stateless persons, that is, about 4%. For the second part, 1306 people were convicted. 77 of them are not Russians, in total, their sentences make up about 6% of all.

-The statistics of the Judicial Department of the Supreme Court shows that 96% of the killers in the first part of the 105th article and 94% of the second is Russian citizens. Do not forget that foreign citizens are much easier to find - they are much more often checked by documents. In Moscow, this is especially noticeable. Most of the crimes committed by labor migrants do not even belong to medium -sovereign crimes. Often this is the theft of products and clothes from chain stores (the minimum amount of damage to the composition of the theft is currently 1000 rubles. - Ed. ), As well as the compositions related to the use of false documents (intermediaries often draw up fake registrations and patents to migrants), ”said Yakimov.

At the same time, Yakimov does not deny that the case that occurred in Nizhny Novgorod is “absolutely wild”, in principle, in principle, should not happen. According to him, the injured family deserves sympathy, and the criminal, whoever he is, must bear punishment along the whole severity of the law. However, Yakimov considers it unacceptable to attract a collective responsibility to a separate, though wild, “though wild” case.

- The topic of migrant crime, like a hackneyed record, it pops up at any opportunity, although even representatives of the Ministry of Internal Affairs say that this is one of the myths that accompanies the topic of migration. For many years, the share of crimes committed by foreigners in Russia does not exceed 4%. In 2020, according to the Ministry of Internal Affairs, the share of crimes of foreign citizens and stateless persons amounted to 3.3%, ”says Olga Chudinovsky, director of the HSE Migration Policy Center.

As the Chudinovsky continues, even in Moscow, where the level of labor migrants is much higher, the indicator of migrant crime remains meager. Cases such as murder in Kudm with the participation of migrants pour oil into the fire into a discussion of migrant crime. The problem of migratophobia, which, according to the Chudinovsky, has existed since the mid-90s, the expert now does not consider quite critical.

- We have migrantophobia - this is already a popular custom. Foreigners who come to work in Russia already know that this will be present in their lives. They accept this as an inevitable inconvenience with which, in principle, you can live, ”the Chudinovsky summarizes.

Despite this, over the past ten years, anti -migrant sentiments in Russia have decreased significantly, as well as the severity of extremist speeches against migrants, Yakimov is sure.

- In 2011, Xenophobic sentiments were quite serious, then in 2014-2015. There was a turning point, and the level of migrantopobia decreased two times, if not more. Since then, fading waves, a splash and a decline in Migrantophobic sentiments has been going on, ”the expert says.

Apology
In the material “All for one” we incorrectly signed a photograph of Femactivist Leli Nordik. We apologize for Cherling Nordik for a gross mistake.