Debts on the lips did not dry out

The share of Russians under 25 years of age only among debtors of microfinance organizations doubled

Russian collectors reported that this year banks and microfinance organizations (MFIs) began to actively sell them debts of Russians younger than 25 years. And in the media, information about an increase in the number of youth among debtors began to appear more and more often. Question: There are more young borrowers, do they more often allow delays or are the creditors sell their debts with special enthusiasm?

On the last point, you can immediately answer "no." If the debt is not served for more than 90 days, the right of requirements for it is implemented legally, and age does not play a role here. But the first two points should be considered in more detail.

Muscovite Irina - 23. She took a loan to pay for a rented apartment, the owner demanded immediately in six months. I made the first delay when I was suing the employer. During the period of Lockdown, it was her, as the most inexperienced, forcibly sent on vacation at her own expense. Small savings went to court costs, the next payment was simply not enough. “I did not think that the duty would grow at such a frantic speed. I myself will not pay myself now. I'll take another loan. True, I have already wrapped me in one bank. Probably my debts see. Drive the credit history? I'm not afraid, there is still no money. ”

Most Russian debtors allow delay on loans due to financial problems-everything is obvious here. It is even more obvious that a pandemic aggravated the situation. People who have not previously had monetary difficulties in the last year experience them in full. And in the end, 60% of economically active Russians now have credit obligations. Each 12 has overdue payments for loans. Of course, not all of them formed through the fault of the pandemic. But for many, she became a kind of catalyst and forced to occupy. To take it simple and fast - perfect. That is why 5.5 million Russians had microloans last fall. And just this product is the most interesting of the young audience.

“80% of borrowers attract loans up to 100 thousand rubles,” states Alexei Volkov, marketing director of the National Bureau of Credit History (NBKI). “This category includes microloans, credit cards with low limit and small consumer loans.” The average debt of such borrowers is a little more than 80 thousand. Popular among young customers and the “before salary” loan. Due to the stable demand, it has recently increased to 8400 rubles. “Young borrowers often make short (PDL) loans,” explains Alexei Pereudiy, the director of the risks of the EQVANTA group of companies ( alternative financial technologies - O. p .). - The average amount is about 7 thousand rubles. This is partly due to more rigid scoring settings in relation to this category of customers. Due to the high level of non-return, they have access to lower amounts for a shorter period. ”

Skoring is a system of assessing a potential client, with which you can understand how carefully he will pay a loan. The filter, I must say, is hard. If you consider the average borrower up to 25 years, it is not at all the fact that at the time of contacting the bank it will have constant work, stable income, a tendency to long -term planning and the ability to adequately evaluate possible risks. Say, if he is on a trial, then in the scoring process will receive a minimum of points in the column “Experience at the current place of work”.

What is the work, a scoring indicator (it consists of different parameters) can spoil photos in social networks. Or age. Students and pensioners are usually considered the most risky borrowers. And people who do not have family are less disciplined. In addition, the creditor may ask what a potential client spends money on if he is calculated by a card. The lack of credit history will not add points. And she may simply not be at a young age. And just because of this, young customers most often receive a refusal to banks.

Another problem point is microloans:

If in the past the applicant resorted to them and was listed in MFI clients, then in some credit institutions this will be considered an aggravating circumstance.

Finally, only a few young borrowers are salaries of the bank. And this is also a minus in the assessment.

Like it or not, it is not easy to attract the creditor with such requirements.

So, the bank refuses the young borrower. He begins to consider alternative lending options. For example, MFIs. They were listed in the registry of the Bank of Russia last year, only choose. To appeal to microfinanceists, young people have a number of significant reasons. Firstly, most of them have already received a refusal to banks. Secondly, they capture a less strict verification, the speed of the loan and the minimum package of documents. Personal credit rating is also important. Banks give loans to citizens who have it above 600 points. And the MFIs are considering those whose indicators are much lower. In fact, the young audience prefers the most prompt and technological way to receive money.

“Young customers more willingly use online lending services,” says Alexei Pereserii. “But at the same time, the level of non -return on them is also higher than the age borrowers.” And everything is simple here: the accessibility of the service gives rise to the desire to use it again and again. And no one canceled the habit of intercepting. Therefore, the MFI-Online audience is getting younger. An attractive financial product for youth provides its influx.

But there is another significant factor: for any economic difficulties, the most vulnerable in labor relations are the least experienced, that is, young employees. It is they who do not have sufficient savings. Any unforeseen situation, as in the case of pandemia, strikes young more. Last summer, Russians under 30 have become the most significant category of MFI borrowers. A sharp rise happened when the self -isolation mode was introduced, and the youth did not have a pillow of safety.

In addition, the whole army of zealous criterians works to attract young customers: “With the help of a web-batch, you have the opportunity to create or easily correct your credit history. We will help you quickly restore the reputation of a bona fide borrower. ” And besides this, they promise to improve the status in the eyes of credit institutions, having spread the information that you are incredibly responsible by cities and towns. Add to this a round -the -clock mode of operation of the money to provide money, the ability to contact them from any mobile device and, finally, speed. Money in 15 minutes is a powerful argument. Under such attractive conditions, the issue of return is pushed into the background. And then he moves back again. And yet ...

There are more young borrowers in the MFI portfolios. As a result, the number of young debtors is growing. The dependence here is direct. In addition, debt size increases. In NBKs, this idea is confirmed by numbers. “The average amount of current loans increased slightly over the year,” explains Alexei Volkov. - At the same time, the average amount of debt for all categories of borrowers grew stronger - from 213.8 to 234 thousand rubles. ”As a result, many MFI clients have from one to three delay for various types of financial products. In microloans "before salary" they make up almost 44%.

“Among all our debtors who allowed a deep delay in the loan, 21% are customers under 25 years old,” says Alexei Pereserii. “Young borrowers are more likely to go into delay and in full no return than more age -related customers.” Some representatives of the young audience really believe that the expired loan will write off immediately after the limitation period. And every 20th debtor plans to recognize himself bankrupt, so he does not pay. Example: 28-year-old resident of Samara Oleg some time ago took a loan for the purchase of a car at the bank. Just a year later, I increased the loan and purchased the car with a class above. Then he suddenly quit his job.

“He quit because he was flattered to earn a lot and a lot,” explains one of the debtor's friends. “We have such companies from the category“ invest 300 rubles and take 300 thousand. ” He went there, and then he could no longer pay on a loan. I sold the car. But the duty did not close. And now they are calling relatives, they offer: do you want to help financially or pay a loan for it completely? At first it was once every few days, politely - apparently from the bank. And now they are calling in a day. Should be under 800 thousand.

Since September 2020, when a non-court bankruptcy procedure appeared in Russia, almost 3,000 Russians began it. It allows for six months to write off unbearable debts for free. But only those who owe from 50 to 500 thousand rubles can take advantage of this mechanism. And only on condition that the bailiffs did not find property, due to which the debt can be repaid. In other cases - only through the court .

Bankruptcy is only one of the options to close the credit history. Not the most, by the way, common among young people. More often, according to the President of the SRO “National Association of Collection Agencies” (Napka) Elman Mekhtiev, they resort to another method - to the help of loved ones.

Since July 1, the Central Bank tightened the regulation of the issuance of unsecured consumer loans. Namely, he increased the allowances to risk coefficients. All because for the crisis year, people began to pay worse on bank loans, for the monthly payment of the loan they have to borrow money. A vicious circle. And as a result - debts.

And they, I must say, are in demand. More recently, banks sold only old debts. Today, on a regular basis, fresh ones are put up for auction - just the most interesting collectors. Banks and MFIs on legally can offer them to other creditors, collectors , individuals. Of course, provided that the client gave a separate consent to the transfer of debt.

The most important, perhaps, the question - how do they behave, getting to the debtors? Specialists of the First Collection Bureau (PKB) worked with a young man 24 years old, who had four expired loans in the MFI and a bank loan. He had inconsistent income, he often changed his work. During the pandemic, it even became unemployed. He was left without money, but did not go from contact. And when the opportunity arose, he paid. Seeing such a clear desire to pay off, the collectors “froze” the debtor’s payments until he finds the job. “From our experience,” says Pavel Mikhel, managing director of the PCB, “we can say that young people are more active in working with their expired debt. Families are created with age, and many financial plans can be realized only with the help of borrowed funds, which requires good credit history. Young debtors are more flexible, they are ready to correct mistakes. ” The size of overdue debts for borrowers up to 25 years is four times lower than the average in the market.